Yini eyaziwa ngoPavel Durov? Ngokusho kweForbes ngo-2018, le ndoda yayinemali eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-1,7. Waba nesandla ekudaleni inkundla yezokuxhumana ye-VK kanye nesithunywa seTelegram, futhi wethula i-cryptocurrency ye-Telegram Inc.. futhi ibambe i-ICO ehlobo lika-2019. UDurov uphinde washiya iRussian Federation ngo-2014, ememezela ukuthi wayengenaso inhloso yokubuya.
Kodwa bewazi yini ukuthi ngonyaka odlule, uDurov wayelungiselele ngokuhlakanipha "enye inkundla yezindiza" ngokuthola ubuzwe ngemali eCaribbean - ngokunembe kakhulu ezweni laseSt. Ngenxa yezizathu eziningi (ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuncintisana kwamanani), isevisi efanayo manje isishibhe kakhulu. Kungani ungaziniki isipho futhi ulungiselele uhlelo "B" njengoDurov? Ngaphezu kwalokho, iphasiphothi yaseCaribbean inikeza izinzuzo eziningi, nakuba kukhona nokubi okuningi.
Ubuzwe nge-Investment St. Kitts and Nevis: isaphulelo
Ngo-2017, iSiphepho u-Irma noMaria sagadla eCaribbean. Izwe laseSaint Kitts kanye neNevis nalo likutholile. Ingqalasizinda yayo yezokuthutha, izikole, iziteshi zamaphoyisa nezinye izinsiza ezibalulekile zilinyazwe kanzima. Umonakalo oqoqiwe ulinganiselwa ku-$150 million.
Izwe lalidinga imali yokwakha kabusha. Ngakho-ke, kunqunywe ukuthi kukhishwe ubuzwe bezomnotho ngesaphulelo. Uma ngaphambilini umkhawulo wokungena wawungu-$ 250 (yilokho uDurov anikeze khona ngo-000), ngo-September 2013 kwaba nokwenzeka ukuthola ubuzwe kanye nepasipoti yase-St. .
Ekuqaleni kwakuhlelwe ukuthi isaphulelo sizotholakala izinyanga ezingu-6, ngemva kwalokho isikhwama se-HRF sizovala futhi amanani abuyele ezingeni lawo langaphambili. Kodwa i-St. Kitts ne-Nevis akuyona ukuphela kwezwe eliyisiqhingi elinikeza ubuzwe ngokutshalwa kwezimali futhi lizama ukubuyisela kusukela ku-2017 yesiphepho sonyaka ngethuluzi lezezimali elifanayo.
Ukwethulwa kwe-HRF e-St. Kitts kanye nokwethulwa kwesaphulelo kuye kwaholela kwamanye amazwe ase-Caribbean anikeza ama-passport kubatshalizimali ukuthi athathe izinyathelo ezifanayo. Ngenxa yalokho, lapho isikhathi sezinyanga eziyisithupha se-HRF siphela, kwanqunywa ukuthi kwakhiwe i-Sustainable Growth Fund (SGF) ehlala njalo ngaphandle kokushintsha ithegi yentengo encane.
Ukuba yisakhamuzi ngokutshalwa kwezimali i-Saint Kitts ne-Nevis: okuhle nokubi (izingozi)
ISaint Kitts kanye neNevis Citizenship by Investment Program indala kunawo wonke eCaribbean nasemhlabeni. Yasungulwa ngo-1984 futhi sekuyisikhathi eside ithandwa ngabantu abacebile. Namuhla, lolu hlelo lusaqhubeka nokuba yinketho enhle kakhulu kulabo abafuna ezinye izindlela zokuba yisakhamuzi sabo samanje. Kodwa ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo, udinga ukuhlola izinzuzo nezinkinga.
| Плюсы | Минусы |
| Ithegi yentengo iphansi kunezinye izifundazwe eziningi ezinikeza ubuzwe kubatshalizimali, okuhlanganisa iMalta, iTurkey, iCyprus neMontenegro (ukwethulwa kohlelo oluhambisanayo ezweni laseBalkan hlelelwe ukuphela kuka-2019), | Uma ubheka ezinye izindlela, ungathola ukuthi zikhona naseCaribbean. |
| Kuleli zwe, ungathola ubuzwe ngokushesha okukhulu uma ukhokha imali eyengeziwe (bona ngezansi). Inqubo evamile ithatha izinyanga ezingu-4-6, inqubo esheshayo ithatha izinyanga ezingu-1,5-2. | Kuzodingeka ukhokhe imali eyengeziwe ukuze kucatshangelwe ngokushesha isicelo ngamadola angama-20 - 000 kumuntu ngamunye obambe iqhaza esicelweni. |
| Iphasiphothi yase-St. Kitts inhle kubahambi nosomabhizinisi bamazwe ngamazwe, ivumela uhambo lwe-visa (noma ngama-e-visa/ama-visa lapho ufika) ukuya cishe emazweni nezindawo eziyi-15, okuhlanganisa izifunda ze-Schengen, i-UK (ngisho nangemva kwe-Brexit) kanye eRussia. UDurov wabhala ngaphambili ngale nzuzo yepasipoti yaseCaribbean ekhasini lakhe le-VKontakte, . | Ilungelo lokuhamba mahhala uma uvakashela izwe elithile lingase linyamalale. Kwenzeka okufanayo ngo-2014, lapho abantu baseziqhingini belahlekelwa ilungelo lokuvakashela eCanada ngaphandle kwama-visa. |
| Yena lowo Durov waphawula ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthola i-passport yaseCaribbean ukude: “Angikaze ngiye e-St. Kitts uqobo - ungathola ipasipoti ngaphandle kokusuka e-Europe.” | Yebo, ukuthola ipasipoti kulula kakhulu. Kodwa futhi ungalahlekelwa yikho kalula uma wenze iphutha elibi kakhulu noma ugodle imininingwane lapho ufaka isicelo sokuba yisakhamuzi futhi kuvele kamuva. Ukwenza ubugebengu obubucayi ngemuva kokubuthola kungaholela nasekuhoxisweni kobuzwe bakho baseCaribbean. |
| Izinzuzo zepasipoti yase-St. Kitts ne-Nevis zifaka umthwalo wentela ophansi. Ngakho, izwe alikaze libe nentela yomuntu ngamunye emalini engenayo yomuntu siqu evela emithonjeni esendaweni yalo nangaphandle. Futhi ayikho intela yenzuzo enkulu futhi ayikho intela yefa/yezipho. | Ibhonasi ehlotshaniswa nokungabikho kwentela yemali engenayo yomuntu siqu itholakala kuphela kubahlali bezimali zezwe, engafakwa kuphela uma uchitha isikhathi esiningi sonyaka endaweni yayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izintela zingakhuphuka noma nini uma izikhulu zidinga imali ngokushesha. |
| Umthetho wase-St. Kitts uvumela ukuba yisakhamuzi esikabili, kuyilapho abatshalizimali bengafaka isicelo sama-passports ezweni ngokungaziwa - izikhulu ezweni lakubo ngeke zazi lutho. | Kwamanye amazwe, ukuba nezakhamuzi eziningi akuvunyelwe, futhi uma umuntu ovela ezweni elinjalo ethola ipasipoti yase-St. |
| Umuntu wangaphandle angathola imali engenayo uma enquma ukufaka isicelo sokuba yisakhamuzi ngokutshala indawo yokuhlala e-St. Kitts nase-Nevis (udinga ukusebenzisa okungenani u-$200 ngethuba lokuphuma ekutshalweni kwezimali ngemva kweminyaka engu-000; bheka ngezansi). | Lesi sifunda sivame ukushaywa yiziphepho ezinamandla, njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, ezilimaza noma zicekele phansi izindawo zokungcebeleka futhi zinciphise ukuhamba kwezivakashi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izindawo zokungcebeleka aziqediwe, ziphenduka “amaphiramidi ezezimali”. |
| Ngemva kokuthola ubuzwe kuzokwazi ukuvula ukuze wandise isisekelo samaklayenti akho, noma ubhalise isiqalisi kule ndawo enentela ephansi ngenkokhelo encane. | Ukuvula i-akhawunti yasebhange empeleni akulula kangako, ikakhulukazi uma ingavulwa ngamadola aseMpumalanga Caribbean (uhlobo lwemali yendawo). |
| Uhlelo lokuba yisakhamuzi somnotho wezwe luthathwa njengolunye lweziqine kakhulu emhlabeni, oluvumela abatshalizimali kanye nemindeni yabo ukuthi bathole amapasi isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka engamashumi amathathu. | Kungenzeka ukuthi kumiswe ukukhishwa kwamapasi kubatshalizimali noma kuqiniswe imibandela yenqubo efanele noma ngemva kokushintshwa kohulumeni ezweni. |
| U-St. Kitts uzama ukulondoloza ukungathathi hlangothi kwe-geopolitical, ukunaka okulinganayo ekuthuthukisweni kobudlelwane naseNtshonalanga naseMpumalanga (ikakhulukazi, neRussian Federation). | Amazwe amaningana aseNtshonalanga njenge-United States afaka ingcindezi kuSt. |
Ubuzwe ngokutshalwa kwezimali i-St. Kitts ne-Nevis: ngempela udinga ukukhokha malini ukuze uthole ipasipoti yase-Caribbean?
Lolu hlelo lunikeza izindlela ezi-2 zokuthola ubuzwe kanye nepasipoti: umnikelo woxhaso wamahhala noma ukutshalwa kwezimali kwembuyiselo ku-real estate e-St. Kitts nase-Nevis, egunyazwe iziphathimandla.
| Umxhaso | Ukutshalwa Kwezimali Kwezakhiwo |
| Umfakisicelo kumele enze umnikelo wesikhathi esisodwa ongabuyiswa we-$150 ku-Sustainable Growth Fund.
Umndeni wabane (umfakisicelo oyinhloko kanye nabancike ku-3) ungafaneleka ukuba yisakhamuzi ngomnikelo ka-$195.
Izimali eziqoqwe kwiminikelo zisetshenziselwa ukuxhasa ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, imfundo kanye namandla ahlukile, phakathi kwezinye izinto. |
Le nketho ibiza kancane, kodwa unethuba lokuthola imali eningi oyitshalile noma wenze imali (uma uqashisa ikhaya lakho kanye/noma amanani enyuka). Kodwa khumbula ukuthi ukutshala imali kuvunyelwe kuphela kumaphrojekthi okuthuthukiswa agunyaziwe.
Uma unquma ukutshala imali ku-real estate, unenketho yokutshala imali engu-$200 engxenyeni yendawo yokungcebeleka ongayithengisa ngemva kweminyaka eyisikhombisa. Kulokhu, uzodinga ukuthola umuntu onomqondo ofanayo olungele ukunikela ngenani elifanayo empahleni efanayo nawe. Enye inketho ukutshala ama- $ 000 endaweni ongayithengisa ngeminyaka emihlanu nje.
Lolu khetho luyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngoba kuzodingeka ukhokhele kakhulu ekukhetheni impahla ezindaweni zokungcebeleka ezingaphezu kwekhulu (uhlu lwazo luyatholakala izinhlelo), ukugwema amaphrojekthi angenakugwemeka (maningi awo). |
Njengeningi lokuba yisakhamuzi ngezinhlelo zokutshala imali, umnikelo noma ukubuyisela imali kuphela ngeke kwanele ukuthola ipasipoti. Uzodinga futhi ukukhokha izimali ezengeziwe zikahulumeni.
| Izinkokhelo zikahulumeni ezengeziwe | |
| Umxhaso | Ukutshalwa Kwezimali Kwezakhiwo |
| Uma ufaka abantu abangaphezu kwabancike kwabathathu esicelweni seqembu, kuzodingeka ukuthi ukhokhe u-$10 ngomondli ngamunye owengeziwe, kungakhathaliseki ubudala. Okusho ukuthi, uma kunabantu abangu-000 esicelweni, kuzodingeka ukhokhe amadola angama-6 US (215 + 000 x 195). | Kunemali kahulumeni engu-$35 yokugunyazwa komfakisicelo oyinhloko, i-$050 yomlingani womfakisicelo oyinhloko (uma ikhona futhi ifakiwe esicelweni), kanye no-$20 wanoma yimuphi omunye oncike kumfakisicelo oyinhloko wanoma iyiphi iminyaka (uma etholakala futhi efakwa esicelweni. ). |
| Kungakhathalekile ukuthi iyiphi inketho yokuxhasa ngemali ekhethiwe, kuzodingeka u-$7500 emalini ekhokhwa ngokukhuthala yomtshali-zimali kanye no-$4 kumuntu ngamunye obondliwayo ongaphezu kweminyaka engu-000 ubudala. | |
| Kungenzeka ukusheshisa ukucutshungulwa kwesicelo phakathi nenyanga eyodwa nohhafu kuya kwezimbili lapho u-oda inqubo ye-AAP (Inqubo Yesicelo Esheshisiwe). Kulokhu, umfakisicelo oyinhloko uzikhokhela inkokhelo eyengeziwe engu-$25 kanye no-$000 ngomuntu ngamunye oncike eminyakeni eyi-20 efakwe esicelweni esihlanganisiwe. Ukwengeza, noma yibaphi abantu abondliwe abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-000 bazokhokhiswa enye i-$16 ngomuntu ngamunye lapho befaka isicelo sepasipoti yase-St. Kitts ne-Nevis. | |
Ukuba yisakhamuzi ngokutshalwa kwezimali i-Saint Kitts ne-Nevis: iphakethe lamadokhumenti kanye nenqubo yesinyathelo nesinyathelo
I-Saint Kitts ne-Nevis ingelinye lamazwe ambalwa lapho inqubo yokuthola ubuzwe bezomnotho iqedwa phakathi nesikhathi esinqunyiwe. Lapho uthumela isicelo sakho, imibhalo yakho kufanele ihlanganise, kodwa ingagcini kulokhu, okulandelayo (uhlu oluphelele lwamafomu nemibhalo ingatholakala lapha):
- Izitifiketi zokuzalwa zomfakisicelo kanye nomuntu ngamunye oncike kuye;
- Isitifiketi esingenalo irekhodi lobugebengu esivela emaphoyiseni (akumele sibe ngaphezu kwezinyanga ezintathu);
- Izitatimende zasebhange;
- Ukuqinisekiswa kwekheli;
- Isithombe nesitifiketi sesiginesha;
- Isitifiketi sikadokotela esikhava imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-HIV yanoma ubani oneminyaka engaphezu kuka-12 ubudala (akumele sibe mdala kunezinyanga ezintathu);
- Ifomu lesicelo eligcwalisiwe elibonisa isifiso sokuthola isimo sokuba yisakhamuzi;
Sicela wazi ukuthi awukwazi ukufaka isicelo sokuba yisakhamuzi ngqo kwabasemagunyeni. Lokhu kungenziwa kuphela nge-ejenti yokuthuthela kwelinye izwe egunyaziwe ngokukhokha ikhomishini ye-ejensi efanele. Amanani ezimali ze-ejensi awalawulwa/alawulwa uhulumeni futhi angahluka kakhulu, kodwa ngokuvamile afinyelela kumadola ayizinkulungwane ezingama-20-30.
Inqubo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yokuthola ubuzwe bezomnotho, eyenziwa ngaphansi kobuholi bomnyango ofanele we-CBIU (Citizenship by Investment Unit), ihlanganisa okulandelayo:
- Ukuxhumana ne-ejenti enelayisensi;
- Ukuqinisekiswa kokuqala komfakisicelo yi-ejenti;
- Ukuqoqwa nokuhanjiswa kwemibhalo ku-CBIU;
- Ukucophelela okufanele komfakisicelo kanye nalabo abathembele kubo (okuhlanganisa nokuhlolwa kwesizinda sohlu lwezonswinyo, ubugebengu obenziwe kanye nemithombo yezimali), ngokuvamile okuthatha izinyanga ezi-2-5 (uma ungakhokhi i-APP eyengeziwe);
- Uma ukuqinisekiswa okusemthethweni kuqediwe ngempumelelo, futhi ukuqokwa komtshali-zimali oyinhloko kanye nabathembele kuye (uma kukhona) kuvunyelwe, kuzokwazi ukutshala imali / ukunikela futhi kukhishwe amaphasipoti.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi iSaint Kitts kanye neNevis okwamanje abamukeli abafake izicelo abavela eRiphabhulikhi yase-Iraq noma eRiphabhulikhi yaseYemen. Kungenzeka ukuthi esikhathini esizayo "uhlu olumnyama" lunganwetshwa.
Ubuzwe ngokutshalwa kwezimali i-Saint Kitts ne-Nevis: esikhundleni sokuboshwa
Ngokuvamile, singasho ukuthi kwakungelona ize ukuthi uDurov wakhetha uSt. Kitts noNevis ukuthola ubuzwe bezomnotho. Izwe linohlelo lwekhwalithi olunezinqubo ezimisiwe. Nakuba kungase kungabi eshibhile, i-passport yase-St. Kitts isanda kunikezwa ngentengo ephansi kakhulu.
Uma udinga ukufinyelela kwamahhala kwe-visa eMelika Ephakathi naseNingizimu, eYurophu noma naseRussia, lokhu kuyindlela enhle. Uma ufuna uhlelo oluhlonishwayo lokuba yisakhamuzi sezomnotho, khumbula ukuthi uhlelo lwe-St. Kitts ne-Nevis yilona oludala kakhulu olusebenzayo.
Enye indlela noma enye, ukukhetha kungokwakho. Ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo, udinga ukukala okuhle nokubi, futhi, uma kungenzeka, uthintane nochwepheshe. Uma udinga usizo lokuthola ukuthi le nketho ikulungele yini noma cha, zizwe ukhululekile ukubuza imibuzo kumazwana!
Source: www.habr.com