Isevisi yamatekisi enhle kufanele iphephe, ithembeke futhi isheshe. Umsebenzisi ngeke angene emininingwaneni: kubalulekile kuye ukuthi achofoze inkinobho ethi "Oda" futhi athole imoto ngokushesha okuzomsusa endaweni A ukuya endaweni B. Uma zingekho izimoto eduze, isevisi kufanele ngokushesha yazisa ngalokhu ukuze iklayenti lingabi khona bekulindelwe amanga. Kodwa uma uphawu oluthi "Azikho izimoto" luvela kaningi, khona-ke kunengqondo ukuthi umuntu uzomane ayeke ukusebenzisa le sevisi futhi aye kumbangi.
Kulesi sihloko ngifuna ukukhuluma mayelana nendlela, ngokusebenzisa umshini wokufunda, saxazulula inkinga yokufuna izimoto ezindaweni eziphansi (ngamanye amazwi, lapho, ekuboneni kokuqala, azikho izimoto). Futhi kwenzekani ngakho.
prehistory
Ukushayela itekisi, umsebenzisi wenza izinyathelo ezimbalwa ezilula, kodwa kwenzekani ngaphakathi kwesevisi?
| Umsebenzisi | Isiteji | I-Yandex.Taxi engemuva |
|---|---|---|
| Ikhetha indawo yokuqala | Phina | Sethula usesho olwenziwe lula lwamakhandidethi - iphinikhodi. Ngokusekelwe kubashayeli abatholiwe, isikhathi sokufika siyabikezelwa - i-ETA kuphini. I-coefficient ekhulayo endaweni ethile ibalwa. |
| Ikhetha indawo, imali yokugibela, izimfuneko | Nikeza | Sakha umzila futhi sibale izintengo zazo zonke izintengo, sicabangela i-coefficient ekhulayo. |
| Cindezela inkinobho ethi "Call a Taxi". | Ukuhleleka | Sethula ukusesha okugcwele kwemoto. Sikhetha umshayeli ofaneleka kakhulu futhi simnikeze i-oda. |
Mayelana , ΠΈ sesivele sabhala. Futhi lena indaba mayelana nokuthola abashayeli. Uma i-oda lidaliwe, ukusesha kwenzeka kabili: ku-Pin kanye nange-oda. Ukuseshwa kwe-oda kwenzeka ngezigaba ezimbili: ukuqashwa kwamakhandidethi kanye nezinga. Okokuqala, abashayeli bamakhandidethi abatholakalayo batholakala abaseduze kakhulu negrafu yomgwaqo. Bese kusetshenziswa amabhonasi nokuhlunga. Amakhandidethi asele alinganiswa futhi owinile uthola isithembiso se-oda. Uma evuma, wabelwa i-oda futhi uya endaweni yokulethwa. Uma enqaba, khona-ke isithembiso sifika kolandelayo. Uma engasekho amakhandidethi, ukusesha kuyaqala futhi. Lokhu akuhlali ngaphezu kwemizuzu emithathu, emva kwalokho umyalelo ukhanselwa futhi ushiswe.
Ukusesha ngephinikhodi kufana nokusesha nge-oda, yi-oda kuphela engenziwanga futhi ukusesha ngokwako kwenziwa kanye kuphela. Izilungiselelo ezenziwe lula zenani lamakhandidethi nerediyasi yosesho nazo ziyasetshenziswa. Ukwenza lula okunjalo kuyadingeka ngoba kukhona ukuhleleka kwamaphinikhodi amaningi kunama-oda, futhi ukusesha kuwumsebenzi onzima. Iphuzu elibalulekile lendaba yethu: uma ngesikhathi sokusesha kokuqala kungekho makhandidethi afanelekile atholakele kuphinikhodi, lapho-ke asikuvumeli ukuthi ufake i-oda. Okungenani kwakunjalo ngaphambili.
Yilokhu umsebenzisi akubonile kuhlelo lokusebenza:
Sesha izimoto ezingenazo izimoto
Ngolunye usuku saqhamuka ne-hypothesis: mhlawumbe kwezinye izimo i-oda lisengaqedwa, noma ngabe bezingekho izimoto kuphini. Phela, isikhathi esithile sidlula phakathi kwephinikhodi kanye ne-oda, futhi ukucinga kwe-oda kuphelele futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuphindaphindiwe izikhathi eziningana: ngalesi sikhathi, abashayeli abatholakalayo bangavela. Nathi sasazi okuphambene: uma abashayeli betholakala ephinikhodi, kwakungelona iqiniso ukuthi bazotholakala uma be-oda. Kwesinye isikhathi ziyanyamalala noma wonke umuntu wenqabe umyalelo.
Ukuhlola le nkoleloze, sethule isilingo: siyekile ukuhlola ubukhona bezimoto ngesikhathi sokusesha kuphinikhodi iqembu lokuhlola labasebenzisi, okungukuthi, babe nethuba lokwenza βi-oda ngaphandle kwezimoto.β Umphumela ubungalindelekile neze: uma imoto ingekho ephinikhodi, khona-ke ku-29% yamacala itholwe kamuva - lapho isesha ku-oda! Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-oda angenazo izimoto ayengahlukanga kakhulu kuma-oda avamile ngokwezilinganiso zokukhansela, izilinganiso, nezinye izinkomba zekhwalithi. Ukubhuka ngaphandle kwezimoto kubalele u-5% wakho konke ukubhukha, kodwa ngaphezudlwana kuka-1% walo lonke uhambo oluyimpumelelo.
Ukuze uqonde ukuthi abenzi bala ma-oda bavelaphi, ake sibheke izimo zabo ngesikhathi sokusesha kuphinikhodi:
- Iyatholakala: yayitholakala, kodwa ngesizathu esithile ayizange ifakwe kulabo abazobhapathizwa, isibonelo, wayekude kakhulu;
- Nge-oda: wayematasa, kodwa wakwazi ukuzikhulula noma atholakale ;
- Umatasa: ikhono lokwamukela ama-oda lalivaliwe, kodwa umshayeli wabuyela kulayini;
- Akutholakali: umshayeli wayengekho ku-inthanethi, kodwa wavela.
Ake sengeze ukwethembeka
Ama-oda engeziwe mahle, kodwa u-29% wokusesha ngempumelelo kusho ukuthi u-71% wesikhathi umsebenzisi alinde isikhathi eside futhi agcine engayanga ndawo. Nakuba kungekho lutho olubi ngalokhu ngokubuka kokusebenza kahle kwesistimu, empeleni kunikeza umsebenzisi ithemba elingamanga futhi kumoshe isikhathi, ngemva kwalokho bakhungatheke futhi (mhlawumbe) bayeke ukusebenzisa isevisi. Ukuze sixazulule le nkinga, safunda ukubikezela ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi imoto e-oda izotholakala.
Uhlelo lumi kanje:
- Umsebenzisi ubeka iphinikhodi.
- Ukusesha kuyenziwa ephinikhodi.
- Uma zingekho izimoto, sibikezela: mhlawumbe zizovela.
- Futhi kuye ngokuthi kungenzeka yini, siyakuvumela noma asikuvumeli ukuthi ufake i-oda, kodwa siyakuxwayisa ukuthi ukuminyana kwezimoto kule ndawo ngalesi sikhathi kuphansi.
Kuhlelo lokusebenza kubukeke kanje:
Ukusebenzisa imodeli kukuvumela ukuthi udale ama-oda amasha ngokunembe kakhudlwana futhi ungaqinisekisi abantu ngeze. Okungukuthi, ukulawula isilinganiso sokuthembeka kanye nenani lama-oda ngaphandle kwemishini esebenzisa imodeli enembile yokukhumbula. Ukuthembeka kwesevisi kuthonya isifiso sokuqhubeka nokusebenzisa umkhiqizo, okungukuthi ekugcineni konke kwehlela enanini lohambo.
Okuncane mayelana nokunemba-khumbulaOmunye wemisebenzi eyisisekelo ekufundeni komshini umsebenzi wokuhlukanisa: ukwabela into eyodwa kwamakilasi amabili. Kulokhu, umphumela we-algorithm yokufunda komshini ngokuvamile uba ukuhlolwa kwezinombolo kobulungu kwelinye lamakilasi, isibonelo, ukuhlolwa kwamathuba. Kodwa-ke, izenzo ezenziwayo ngokuvamile ziyi-binary: uma imoto itholakala, sizokuvumela ukuthi uyi-ode, futhi uma kungenjalo, ngeke sikwenze. Ukuze sicacise, ake sibize i-algorithm ekhiqiza isilinganiso senani njengemodeli, futhi isihlukanisi sibe nomthetho esiwabela izigaba ezimbili (1 noma -1). Ukuze wenze isihlukanisi esisekelwe ekuhloleni kwemodeli, udinga ukukhetha umkhawulo wokuhlola. Ukuthi kanjani ngempela kuncike kakhulu emsebenzini.
Ake sithi senza isivivinyo (isigaba) sesifo esithile esingandile nesiyingozi. Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa, singathumela isiguli ukuze sihlolwe okuningiliziwe, noma sithi: βKuhle, goduka.β Kithina, ukuthumela umuntu ogulayo ekhaya kubi kakhulu kunokuhlola umuntu ophile kahle ngokungadingekile. Okungukuthi, sifuna ukuhlolwa kusebenzele abantu abaningi abagulayo ngempela ngangokunokwenzeka. Leli nani libizwa ngokuthi khumbula =. I-classifier efanelekile inokukhumbula okungu-100%. Isimo esibucayi ukuthumela wonke umuntu ukuthi ayohlolwa, khona-ke ukukhumbula kuzoba ngu-100%.
Kuyenzeka futhi ngenye indlela. Isibonelo, senza uhlelo lokuhlola lwabafundi, futhi lunomtshina wokukopela. Uma ngokuzumayo isheke lingasebenzi kwezinye izimo zokukopela, khona-ke lokhu akujabulisi, kodwa akubalulekile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubi kakhulu ukusola abafundi ngokungafanele ngento abangayenzanga. Okungukuthi, kubalulekile kithi ukuthi phakathi kwezimpendulo ezinhle ze-classifier kukhona abaningi abalungile ngangokunokwenzeka, mhlawumbe ngokulimaza inombolo yabo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi udinga ukukhulisa ukunemba = . Uma ukucupha kwenzeka kuzo zonke izinto, ukunemba kuzolingana nobuningi besigaba esichaziwe kusampula.
Uma i-algorithm ikhiqiza inani lamathuba ezinombolo, lapho-ke ngokukhetha ama-threshold ahlukene, ungakwazi ukuzuza amanani ahlukene wokukhumbula ukunemba.
Enkingeni yethu isimo simi kanje. Ukukhumbula inombolo yama-oda esingawanikeza, ukunemba ukwethembeka kwala ma-oda. Nansi indlela ijika lokukhumbula ngokunemba lemodeli yethu elibukeka ngayo:
Kunezimo ezimbili ezimbi kakhulu: ungavumeli noma ubani ukuthi a-ode futhi uvumele wonke umuntu ukuthi a-ode. Uma ungavumeli noma ubani, ukukhumbula kuzoba ngu-0: asiwakhi ama-oda, kodwa akukho neyodwa yawo ezohluleka. Uma sivumela wonke umuntu, khona-ke ukukhumbula kuzoba ngu-100% (sizothola wonke ama-oda angenzeka), futhi ukunemba kuzoba ngu-29%, okusho ukuthi u-71% wama-oda uzoba kubi.
Sisebenzise imingcele ehlukahlukene yendawo yokuqala njengezimpawu:
- Isikhathi/indawo.
- Isimo sesistimu (inombolo yemishini esetshenziswayo yazo zonke izinkokhelo namaphinikhodi endaweni).
- Sesha amapharamitha (irediyasi, inani lamakhandidethi, imikhawulo).
Okuningi mayelana nezimpawu
Ngokomqondo, sifuna ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezimo ezimbili:
- "Ihlathi elijulile" - azikho izimoto lapha ngalesi sikhathi.
- "Ibhadi" - kunezimoto, kodwa lapho ziseshwa, azikho ezifanelekile.
Isibonelo esisodwa sokuthi βIshwaβ uma kunesidingo esikhulu esikhungweni ngoLwesihlanu kusihlwa. Kunama-oda amaningi, abantu abaningi abazimisele, futhi abenele abashayeli bawo wonke umuntu. Kungase kuvele kanje: abekho abashayeli abafanelekile kuphini. Kodwa ngokoqobo ngemizuzwana zivela, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi kukhona abashayeli abaningi kule ndawo futhi isimo sabo sishintsha njalo.
Ngakho-ke, izinkomba zesistimu ezahlukahlukene eduze kwephoyinti A ziphenduke izici ezinhle:
- Isamba senani lezimoto.
- Inombolo yezimoto ezi-odweni.
- Inombolo yezimoto ezingatholakali ukuze zi-odwe esimweni "sokumatasa".
- Inombolo yabasebenzisi.
Phela uma zanda izimoto maningi amathuba okuthi enye izotholakala.
Eqinisweni, kubalulekile kithi ukuthi akuzona izimoto kuphela ezitholakalayo, kodwa futhi nohambo oluphumelelayo lwenziwa. Ngakho-ke, kwakungenzeka ukubikezela amathuba ohambo oluyimpumelelo. Kodwa sinqume ukungakwenzi lokhu, ngoba leli nani lincike kakhulu kumsebenzisi nomshayeli.
I-algorithm yokuqeqesha imodeli yayi . Idatha etholwe ekuhlolweni yasetshenziselwa ukuqeqeshwa. Ngemva kokuqaliswa, idatha yokuqeqeshwa kwadingeka iqoqwe, ngezinye izikhathi ivumela inombolo encane yabasebenzisi ukuthi i-oda ngokumelene nesinqumo semodeli.
Imiphumela
Imiphumela yokuhlolwa ibinjengokulindelekile: ukusebenzisa imodeli kukuvumela ukuthi ukhuphule kakhulu inani lohambo oluphumelelayo ngenxa yama-oda angenazo izimoto, kodwa ngaphandle kokuyekethisa ukwethembeka.
Okwamanje, umshini wethulwe kuwo wonke amadolobha nasemazweni futhi ngosizo lwayo, cishe i-1% yohambo oluphumelelayo lwenzeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwamanye amadolobha anokuminyana okuphansi kwezimoto, isabelo salolu hambo sifinyelela ku-15%.
Okunye okuthunyelwe mayelana nobuchwepheshe bamatekisi
Source: www.habr.com