I-Olympiad yomfundi omkhulu izoqala maduze . Sekuyiminyaka eminingi isebenza ku-inthanethi futhi ingaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi. Abafundi abavela kumakhono ahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa nobuchwepheshe, bangabamba iqhaza. I-Olympiad ihlelwe amanyuvesi angu-26 ahamba phambili: National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow State University, Moscow State Technical University, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, MEPhI, St. Petersburg State University, ITMO University kanye nabanye.
I-Yandex inguzakwethu wezobuchwepheshe wephrojekthi. Kithina, "Nginguchwepheshe" kube yithuba elihle ngonyaka wesibili ilandelana ukukhuluma ngokubaluleka kwamakhono athambile (amakhono athambile) emsebenzini wabathuthukisi nabanye ochwepheshe. Ngonyaka odlule, ihhovisi lethu laseMoscow labamba umhlangano wabahlanganyeli be-Olympiad abazinikezele kumakhono athambile. Inhloko yehhovisi lokuthuthukiswa kwe-Yandex e-Novosibirsk, u-Sergei Brazhnik, naye wakhuluma ngabo, ekhuluma esimisweni sokuqeqesha esifakwe ohlelweni oluthi "I am a Professional". Namuhla uSergei nabanye abaphathi ababili eYandex - u-Anna Fedosova no-Oleg Mokhov β bazotshela uHabr ngamakhono athambile: lokho abayikho, yiziphi ezidingwa unjiniyela, ukuthi zingawatholaphi, nokuthi ukuba khona kwawo kukuthinta kanjani ukukhula kwenkampani.
U-Sergey Brazhnik, inhloko yehhovisi lentuthuko eNovosibirsk, umqondisi wokuthuthukiswa kwamaphrojekthi wezemfundo wesifunda
- Kunjiniyela, "ama-4K" abalulekile: ukucabanga okujulile, ukusungula, ukubambisana nokuxhumana. Kuyavunywa ukuthi ukuxhumana kulo msebenzi akulona ikhono elibalulekile, kodwa uma ucabanga ngakho, kuyadingeka ekukhuleni kochwepheshe: udinga ukwazi ukubuza imibuzo, ulalele futhi uzwe umkhulumeli wakho, uchaze umbono wakho futhi yamukele eyomunye umuntu, khulumani nixoxisane. Oqeqeshwayo angase angakwazi ukusebenza eqenjini noma acabange ngokujulile - futhi lokhu kuyinto evamile, ngoba akakabi naso isizinda.
Uma uchwepheshe osevuthiwe eza kithi ezoxoxa naye, sizobe sesihlola wonke lawa makhono ngesikhathi sengxoxo. Sibheka indlela umuntu akhuluma ngayo ngaye. Endleleni, sibuza imibuzo eholayo futhi sicacise okuningi. Sihlola ukucabanga okujulile sisebenzisa izinkinga. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubalulekile kithi ukuthi azixazulule, ngakolunye uhlangothi, sibheke ukuthi uzixazulula kanjani.Kunjiniyela osevele esebenzela inkampani, kunezindlela ezimbili zokunquma ukuthi yimaphi amakhono awashodayo. Okokuqala ukucela impendulo kumphathi wakho. Uma bengakutsheli lutho, akusho ukuthi konke kuhamba kahle. Uma ukungabaza, buza futhi. Phakathi kwemisebenzi yamanje kanye nemigomo yebhizinisi, abaphathi bangase bakhohlwe mayelana nesiqondiso sesofthiwe - kubalulekile ukubakhumbuza ngakho. Indlela yesibili ukuzama ukuzihlola uhlobene nabanye ozakwenu eqenjini, isibonelo, ngesikhathi sokuxoxisana, lapho wonke umuntu ekhipha imibono bese exoxisana futhi ayigxeke.
Ake sithi uyaqonda ukuthi yimaphi amakhono owashodayo. Lesi isinyathelo sokuqala nesibaluleke kakhulu - ukubona ukuthi yebo, ngempela, kukhona okungalungile kimi lapha. Okulandelayo, thola umeluleki - okungenani umngane othuthukise lawa makhono. Ungabuka nje umngane. Futhi uma uthola umeluleki, uzokwazi ukukunikeza iseluleko futhi aqaphe ukukhula kwakho. Umeluleki angaba uzakwenu (kuvele kucace ngokushesha ukuthi kungani edinga ukugadwa - usebenzela ukufeza umgomo ofanayo) noma ngezinye izikhathi ngisho uchwepheshe wangaphandle (kodwa lona ngokuvamile kuba umuntu omaziyo, ngaphandle kwalokho ugqozi lwakhe alucaci). Izincwadi, izinkulumo, ukuqeqeshwa nakho kuyinketho, kodwa ngale ndlela uzothola ulwazi kuphela. Ukuze ulwazi luguquke lube ikhono, ukuzijwayeza njalo kuyadingeka.
Amakhono okuxhumana athuthukiswa kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuma - imihlangano yokuhlela emifushane yansuku zonke, lapho ilungu ngalinye leqembu litshela lokho elisebenza kukho njengamanje. Noma yikuphi ukukhuluma esidlangalaleni kuyasiza. Futhi zama ukuxhumana kakhulu nozakwenu futhi wabelane ngolwazi ngaphakathi kweqembu.
Uma udinga ukukhetha umholi weqembu phakathi komphathi wephrojekthi yezobuchwepheshe kanye nonjiniyela, ayikho impendulo ecacile ukuthi iyiphi engcono. Ku-Yandex, ngisho nephrojekthi, njengomthetho, ingabhala ikhodi. Ngakho-ke, ngizoqale ngiqhathanise umphathi kanye nomthuthukisi ngokuya ngemingcele eminingana: ukuthi bazi kanjani ukusetha imisebenzi nokulawula ukwenziwa, ukuthi bashayela kanjani iqembu, futhi ngokujwayelekile ukuthi hlobo luni lobudlelwano abanalo neqembu. Kwenzeka ukuthi umuntu ubeka imisebenzi kahle futhi aqaphe izikhathi zokugcina, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kuhambisana nokubi neqembu. Konke futhi kuncike ekutheni ngubani othatha isinqumo. Umuntu obengunjiniyela ngokwakhe esikhundleni sokuba umphathi kungenzeka akhethe omunye unjiniyela njengomphathi.
Ngamakhono anzima nje ungaba umholi weqembu - kube nezimo. Kodwa abaphathi abakhuphula umuntu onjalo ebuholini beqembu badinga ukushaywa ngesihlakala. Ngoba yena, efunda njengoba ehamba, uzomosha kakhulu iqembu lizokwehliswa. Khona-ke konke kuncike ekutheni abafana banamandla kangakanani. Noma bazolinda kuze kube yilapho umuntu ekhula futhi ebona ukuthi kwenzekani. Noma ngeke balinde bese beqala ukubaleka.
Uma usenza unjiniyela oqinile abe umphathi, kuzomele uqale umlungiselele kahle bese uqinisekisa ukuthi uyameluleka ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha zokuqala.
U-Anna Fedosova, inhloko yomnyango wokuqeqesha nokuthuthukiswa
- Kunzima ukuhlanganisa uhlu oluphelele lwamakhono. Ngakho, imodeli yekhono le-Lominger 67 izikhundla. Ngaphakathi kwe-Yandex, sihlukanisa amakhono abe awendawo yonke kanye nalawo adingwa abaphathi.
Amakhono Omhlaba Wonke okuhambisana nempumelelo yomuntu kanye nokuxhumana nabanye. Ukuphumelela komuntu siqu kuhlotshaniswa, isibonelo, nekhono lokuzilawula, isikhathi somuntu, izinqubo zomsebenzi, ukuqondiswa kwemiphumela, ukucabanga okujulile, kanye nekhono lokufunda. Okuhlukanisa umnotho wesimanje emnothweni weminyaka engamashumi amathathu edlule ukuthi mancane amathuba okuthi wenze into efanayo impilo yakho yonke. Cishe, okuthile kuzoshintsha, futhi udinga ukulungela.
Elinye iqembu lamakhono omhlaba wonke lihlobene nokuxhumana nabanye abantu. Asisaphili ezinsukwini zokukhiqizwa komugqa wokuhlanganisa. Noma yini oyenzayo, cishe kuyodingeka uxoxisane futhi uxoxe ngayo nabanye abantu. Inqubo yokuxhumana kuleli cala iba ebaluleke kakhulu. Ezinkampanini ze-IT, lapho i-horizon yokuhlela imfushane kakhulu ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe, ngisho nochwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe kufanele benze izinqumo eziningi ezihlangene ezizalwa ohlelweni lwezingxoxo. Futhi abasebenzi abakwazi ukuvumela izingxoxo zifinyelele esiphethweni, ngaphandle kwalokho umsebenzi uzomane ume.
Isendlalelo esikhulu esihlukile amakhono abaphathi. Lokhu kubandakanya ikhono lokusetha nokuhlola imisebenzi, ukugqugquzela abanye nokuzithuthukisa wena, ukuba umholi, ukwakha iqembu lakho nokuxhumana namanye amaqembu.
Kwa-Yandex, izinhlelo zokuqeqesha amakhono athambile zenzelwe ukuthi abasebenzi bakwazi ukusebenza ngezimo ezahlukahlukene endaweni ephephile. Lezi kungaba yizimo abangakaze bahlangabezane nazo ngaphambilini, noma izimo ezithile kokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo lapho bengathanda ukuthola umphumela ongcono. Kuningi okungalungiswa, kusukela ekuqasheni abantu abasha kanye nokubeka imigomo, kuya ekungqubuzaneni kwezintshisekelo kanye nezindaba ezikhuthazayo. Njengomthetho, izimo zokungaqondi kahle phakathi kwesisebenzi nomphathi zinzima kubo bobabili abathintekayo, kodwa ungafunda ukubhekana nazo.
Kungasetshenziswa izindlela ezahlukene zokufundisa. Ngakho-ke, kunzima kakhulu ukufunda ukusebenzisana. Esikoleni sifundiswa ukusebenza ngabanye, amamaki anikezwa ukuze siphumelele ezifundweni zethu. Kodwa kuseqenjini lapho abantu befunda khona ukuthwala umthwalo wemfanelo, ukwaba izindima phakathi kwabo, futhi bavumelane ngemigomo nemiphumela efanayo. Futhi kuvame ukuvela ukuthi lokhu kufanele ukufunde njengomuntu omdala emsebenzini. Manje ezinye izikole zenza ukufunda okusekelwe kumaphrojekthi kanye nezabelo ezihlanganyelwe. Lokhu kufanele kusize ukufunda ukusebenzisana kusukela ebuntwaneni.
Indlela yokufundisa abantu abadala ukuba bafunde futhi bathole ulwazi ngokuzimela? Kwesinye isikhathi isipiliyoni semfundo ephakeme siyasiza. Izifundo ze-Master's kanye ne-postgraduate zifundisa abafundi ukuthi baqonde ukuthi yini ebalulekile nengabalulekile, nokuthi bangalubheka kuphi ulwazi olufanele. Kodwa ngokuvamile kufanele ukwazi lokhu kakade ohlelweni lokusebenza. Akumangazi ukuthi enye yezifundo ezidume kakhulu ku-Coursera ibizwa .
Akukho okuwusizo kakhulu ekufundeni kunokuzazi kangcono: ukuzibuka ungaphandle ngosizo lwempendulo etholwe kozakwenu, uphinde ucabange ngalokho okusebenza kahle nalokho okungasebenzi, ukuthola abantu ofuna ukufana nabo, futhi uziqhathanise nabo.
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukugqugquzeleka kungumnyombo wayo yonke into. Uma uqonda ukuthi awunabudlelwane, kodwa udinga ukushintsha lokhu, isibonelo, lokhu kubalulekile eqenjini, khona-ke kuzovela kokubili ugqozi kanye nesidingo sokushintsha. Uma ungadingi ukuxhumana nanoma ubani ngomsebenzi, kungani-ke uzidlulele?
U-Oleg Mokhov, inhloko yokuthuthukiswa kwamaphrojekthi we-HR kanye nenkonzo ye-Yandex.Contest, ephethe ingxenye ye-inthanethi ye-Olympiad
- Abathuthukisi abangenazo izifiso zobuholi beqembu abawadingi ngempela amakhono athambile. Kubalulekile ukukwazi ukubuza imibuzo, ukulalela, nokudlulisa imicabango yakho. Ukuze uthuthukise la makhono, unganikeza umbiko engqungqutheleni noma ufunde izinkulumo enyuvesi. Sonke sake safunda ngesinye isikhathi, okusho ukuthi singafundisa umuntu ngokwethu. Abafundi bayahlanya futhi babuza imibuzo ecashile kakhulu. Ikhono lokuziphendula ngokushesha futhi ulengise ulimi lwakho likusiza ukuthi uhlale uzolile ezingxoxweni ezishisayo.
Izincwadi azisizi ngamakhono athambile. Ukuqeqeshwa kusiza kuphela uma uba khona njalo. Kodwa kuyasiza kakhulu ukuza engqungqutheleni futhi uthathe isikhundla esisebenzayo. Vele ubuze imibuzo kusikhulumi.
Phakathi nezingxoxiswano, ngezinye izikhathi ngibuza ngisho nempendulo efanele yomuntu ozobhalwa - ngibheka indlela acabanga ngayo. Kodwa lokhu kusebenza kuphela uma umuntu ezithemba ngokwakhe. Ngokuvamile, kungcono ukuhlaziya amakhono athambile phakathi nezingxoxo zokugcina. Isibonelo, ngikucela ukuthi usitshele ngomsebenzi othakazelisa kakhulu owenziwe yikhandidethi. Ngale ndlela ungathola ukuthi yini ethakazelisa kakhulu kumuntu - ukubhala ngekhodi, ukucwaninga, ukuthola imiphumela noma ukuxhumana.
Abantu abaningi abathuthukise amakhono athambile ngokuxhamazela baba ngabaphathi abasezikhundleni eziphezulu usuku lwabo lonke oluhlanganisa imihlangano. Ungawagcina kanjani amakhono akho okubhala amakhodi? Uzitshela ukuthi: Ngihlele amahora amabili. Uvala zonke izaziso, ifoni yakho, iyona ndlela kuphela. Ngiyabazi abaholi abenza lokhu. Yebo, izingxoxo kanye nezigaba zobuchwepheshe nazo zisiza ukuthuthukisa ubuchopho. Ku-Yandex, usanda kuyeka ukuba yijunior, futhi uzobe usuvele umenywe kwinhlolokhono. Kufana nentela yokuthi usebenzela inkampani enkulu.
Uma udinga ukukhetha umholi weqembu phakathi komphathi kanye nonjiniyela, ngakho konke kuncike kuzibopho zesikhathi esizayo zomholi. Kuyinto eyodwa ukube umphathi wake waba ngunjiniyela ngokwakhe. Bese enamathuba amaningi. Kuhlukile uma kuyinqola yesiteshi sephrojekthi. Usebenzisana namaqembu angemuva nangaphambili, abaklami nabahlaziyi. Kodwa akazi ukuthi umtapo wezincwadi othile usebenza kanjani ngaphambili, akajwayelene nezinhlelo ze-asynchronous ku-backend, futhi akaqondi ukuthi kungani kunzima. Ukukhula konjiniyela kumayelana nokutshuza ujule. Futhi ingqikithi yokuphatha ukuqoqa ungqimba olungaphezulu, ukuqonda inkinga futhi usethe ukuxhumana nezinqubo. Ngakho-ke, ngikholelwa ukuthi umphathi cishe ngeke akwazi ukuthuthukisa amakhono okuthuthukisa abantu.
Iqembu lingase libe nobutha kumuntu wangaphandle. Ngakho-ke bengizokhetha umholi phakathi kwabathuthukisi ngokwabo, futhi mhlawumbe ngeke ngikhethe abaqine kakhulu kubo. Ake sithi umuntu usebenze iminyaka emihlanu, manje ungumthuthukisi ophezulu, kodwa phakathi nale minyaka emihlanu kuphela i-hardware eqinile yakhula, futhi isofthiwe ayizange ikhule. Khona-ke angeke ngilindele ukuthi banyukele phezulu uma ngimnika isikhundla. Kodwa lapho umthuthukisi esebenze unyaka, kodwa ngibona ukuthi unolimi oluhle, uyaxhumana, angakwazi ukuxhuma abantu abaningana, axazulule izingxabano phakathi kwabo - lokhu kungukuhola kweqembu kimi, ngisho noma engeyena umthuthukisi ophezulu. .
Angikholelwa endabeni lapho umuntu eba umholi ngokusekelwe emakhonweni anzima yedwa. Ithimba eliholayo ngaphandle kwesofthiwe cishe aliwufezi umsebenzi walo ndawana thize. Kungasebenza nini lokhu? Lapho abangaphansi bezimele. Nginomushwana obambekayo wabaphathi abasha: amakati kulula ukuwaphatha. Abaholi beqembu bayacasuka lapho benamacala anzima - isisebenzi esisodwa sifuna ukuyeka, esinye sicindezelekile futhi siqala ukusebenza kancane, esesithathu sinokungqubuzana. Kulokhu ngithi kumholi weqembu labo - thokozani, okokuqala udinga ukusebenza njengomholi. Ngoba amakati - ayameow, anomusa, ajabule - kulula kakhulu ukuwalawula.
Source: www.habr.com