I-TL;DR. Abanye abantu babona umhlaba ngendlela ehlukile. Inkampani yesoftware yaseNew York yanquma ukusebenzisa lokhu njengenzuzo yokuncintisana. Abasebenzi bayo bahlanganisa abahloli abangu-75% abane-autism spectrum disorders. Ngokumangazayo, izinto abantu abane-autistic abazidingayo ziye zafakazela ukuthi zinenzuzo kuwo wonke umuntu: amahora avumelana nezimo, umsebenzi oqhelile, Ukuxhumana okuxegayo (esikhundleni semihlangano yobuso nobuso), i-ajenda ecacile yawo wonke umhlangano, awekho amahhovisi avulekile, akukho zingxoxo, akukho msebenzi. ezinye izindlela zokukhushulelwa esikhundleni somphathi, njll.
U-Rajesh Anandan wasungula i-Ultranauts (eyayiyi-Ultra Testing) nomuntu ahlala naye e-MIT dorm u-Art Schectman enomgomo owodwa: ukufakazela lokho. (i-neurodiversity) kanye ne-autism yabasebenzi kuyinzuzo yokuncintisana ebhizinisini.
"Kunenani elimangalisayo labantu ku-autism spectrum abanamakhono abo anganakwa ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene," kusho u-Anandan. "Abanikezwa ithuba elifanelekile lokuphumelela emsebenzini ngenxa yesimo sezulu, inqubo yokusebenza, kanye nemikhuba 'yebhizinisi njengenjwayelo' engasebenzi kahle kwasekuqaleni futhi eyingozi kakhulu kubantu abanalo mqondo."
Ukuqaliswa kobunjiniyela bekhwalithi ezinze eNew York kungenye yezinkampani eziningi ezifuna abasebenzi abane-autism. Kodwa izinhlelo ezinkampanini ezifana , zilinganiselwe ngesilinganiso. Badalwe ukuze basekele lokho okubizwa ngokuthi “abancane”. Ngokuphambene, i-Ultranauts yakha ibhizinisi ngokuphelele eduze kwabantu abanomqondo okhethekile, yaqala ukuqasha abasebenzi abanjalo futhi yakha izindlela ezintsha zokusebenza ukuze ilawule ngempumelelo amaqembu "axubile".
"Sinqume ukushintsha izindinganiso zawo wonke umsebenzi, inqubo yokuqasha, ukuqeqesha nokuphatha iqembu," kuchaza u-Anandan.
Kwesokudla: U-Rajesh Anandan, umsunguli we-Ultranauts, olwela ukufakazela ukubaluleka kokuhlukahluka kwezinzwa kubasebenzi (isithombe: Getty Images)
izwi i-neurodiversity selisetshenziswe kakhulu muva nje, kodwa akulona igama elamukelwayo. Kubhekiselwa ku , okungase kuhlotshaniswe nezimo ezifana ne-dyslexia, i-autism ne-ADHD.
Ucwaningo oluvela e-UK's National Autistic Society (NAS) luthole ukuthi ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi kuhlala kuphezulu kubantu abane-autism e-UK. Ocwaningweni lwabaphenduli abangu-2000 kuphela , kuyilapho u-77% wabantu abangasebenzi uthe bafuna ukusebenza.
Izithiyo ekusebenzeni kwazo okuvamile zisephezulu kakhulu. Umphathi wezobudlelwano babaqashi e-NAS Richmal Maybank ubeka izizathu ezimbalwa: “Izincazelo zomsebenzi zivame ukuhlotshaniswa nokuziphatha okujwayelekile futhi zivamile,” usho kanje. "Amafemu afuna 'abadlali beqembu' kanye 'nabantu abanamakhono amahle okuxhumana', kodwa alukho ulwazi oluqondile."
Abantu abane-autism banobunzima bokuqonda ulimi olujwayelekile olunjalo. Baphinde babhekane nenkinga yemibuzo ejwayelekile efana nokuthi "Uzibona ukuphi eminyakeni emihlanu?"
Abantu bangase futhi bazizwe bengakhululekile ukukhuluma ngesimo sabo nokusebenza emahhovisi avulekile lapho bezizwa benengcindezi yokuxhumana futhi babe namazinga omsindo angamukelekile.
Eminyakeni emihlanu kamuva, i-Ultranauts inyuse inani labasebenzi ku-autism spectrum laya ku-75%. Lo mphumela wafinyelelwa, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ngenxa yendlela emisha yokuqasha. Ezinye izinkampani zivame ukubeka inani eliphakeme kumakhono okuxhumana lapho ziqasha abasebenzi, okuyinto engabafaki ngaphandle abantu abane-autism. Kodwa kuma-Ultranauts azikho izinhlolokhono, futhi abazongenela ukhetho abavezwa uhlu lwamakhono athile ezobuchwepheshe: “Sithathe indlela enenjongo kakhulu yokukhetha abazongenela ukhetho,” kusho u-Anandan.
Esikhundleni sokuqalwa kabusha kanye nezingxoxo, izisebenzi ezingase zibe ngabasebenzi zenza ukuhlolwa okuyisisekelo kolwazi lapho zihlolwa khona ngezibaluli zomhloli wesofthiwe engu-25, njengekhono lokufunda amasistimu amasha noma ukwamukela impendulo. Ngemva kokuhlolwa kokuqala, okungenzeka izisebenzi zisebenza ukude isonto elilodwa, neholo eligcwele lalelo sonto. Ngokuzayo, bangakhetha ukusebenza ngohlelo lwe-DTE (okulingana nesikhathi esifiselekayo), okungukuthi, inani elingafanele lamahora okusebenza: njengoba libalungele, ukuze lingaboshelwa emsebenzini wesikhathi esigcwele. .
“Ngenxa yalokhu kukhethwa, singathola ithalente esingenalo nhlobo isipiliyoni somsebenzi, kodwa ubani onamathuba angama-95% okuba nekhono kakhulu kuwo,” kuchaza u-Anandan.
Izinzuzo zokuncintisana
Ucwaningo и baye babonisa ukuthi ukwandisa ukuhlukahluka kwabasebenzi abacabanga ngendlela ehlukile kunezinzuzo ezinkulu zebhizinisi. Laba basebenzi baye babonakala benyusa amazinga okusungula izinto ezintsha nokuxazulula izinkinga ngoba zibona futhi baqonde ulwazi ngemibono eminingi. Abacwaningi baphinde bathola ukuthi izindawo zokuhlala eziqondene nalaba basebenzi, njengamahora aguquguqukayo noma umsebenzi oqhelile, nazo zizuzisa izisebenzi “ze-neurotypical”—okungukuthi, wonke umuntu.
UMongameli waseFrance u-Emmanuel Macron emcimbini owawuseParis ngo-2017 wokuqwashisa nge-autism (isithombe: Getty Images)
Izinkampani eziningi seziqala ukubona ukuthi umbono obanzi unikeza inzuzo yokuncintisana, ikakhulukazi ngaphandle komkhakha we-IT. Bacela usizo lwe-NAS ekuqasheni abasebenzi abane-autism. I-NAS incoma ukuqala ngezinguquko ezincane, njengokuqinisekisa i-ajenda ecacile yomhlangano ngamunye. Ama-ajenda namathuluzi afanayo asiza abasebenzi abakhubazekile ukuthi bagxile olwazini olufanele oludingekayo futhi bahlele izinto kusengaphambili, okwenza imihlangano ikhululeke kakhudlwana kuwo wonke umuntu.
“Esikunikezayo wumkhuba omuhle kunoma iyiphi inkampani, hhayi abantu abane-autism kuphela. Lezi izindlela ezilula ezivame ukukhiqiza imiphumela esheshayo, kusho uMaybank. “Abaqashi kufanele baqonde isiko nemithetho engabhalwanga yenhlangano yabo ukuze basize abantu bazulazule.”
UMaybank usesebenze nabantu abane-autism iminyaka eyishumi. Ngokufanelekile, angathanda ukubona izifundo zokuqeqesha eziyisibopho zabaphathi nezinhlelo ezinobungane ukusiza ukwakha ukuxhumana nabantu emsebenzini. Ukholelwa futhi ukuthi abaqashi badinga ukuhlinzeka ngemisebenzi ehlukene kubantu abangafuni ukuba ngabaphathi.
Kodwa uthi ukuhlukahluka kwezinzwa kuye kwathuthukisa isimo sezulu sisonke: “Wonke umuntu uvuleka ngokwengeziwe emithonjeni ehlukene yokuziphatha kwe-autistic kanye ne-neurodiverse,” kuchaza uchwepheshe. "Abantu banemibono ecatshangelwayo mayelana nokuthi iyini i-autism, kodwa kungcono ngaso sonke isikhathi ukubuza umuntu ngokwakhe. Naphezu kwesimo esifanayo, abantu bangaphikisana ngokuphelele. ”
Ubuchwepheshe obusha
Nokho, lokhu kungaphezu nje kokuqwashisa abantu. Umsebenzi oqhelile kanye nobuchwepheshe obusha kusiza bonke abanye abasebenzi ababengekho esimweni esingcono kakhulu kubo.
Amathuluzi okusebenza, okuhlanganisa inkundla yemiyalezo esheshayo i-Slack kanye nohlelo lokusebenza lokwenza uhlu lwe-Trello, athuthukise ukuxhumana kwezisebenzi ezikude. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, bahlinzeka ngezinzuzo ezengeziwe kubantu abaku-autism spectrum uma benenkinga yokuxhumana mathupha.
I-Ultranauts isebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe futhi iphinde idale amathuluzi ayo abasebenzi.
“Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, uzakwethu wenza ihlaya ethi kungaba kuhle ukubona incwadi yeziqondiso ifakwe kuzo zonke izisebenzi,” kukhumbula umqondisi wale nkampani. "Senze lokho kanye: manje noma ngubani angakwazi ukushicilela le ndlela yokuzichaza ebizwa ngokuthi "biodex." Inikeza ozakwabo lonke ulwazi ngezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokusebenza nomuntu othize.”
Izindawo zokusebenza eziguquguqukayo kanye nokuzivumelanisa nenkampani ye-autism kube yimpumelelo enkulu kuma-Ultranauts, manje abelana ngolwazi lwabo.
Kwavela ukuthi ukwethulwa kwezimo zabantu abane-autism akuzange kwengeze ubunzima kwabanye abasebenzi futhi akuzange kunciphise ukusebenza kahle kwabo, kodwa ngokuphambene nalokho. Abantu ababevame ukunganakwa esikhathini esidlule baye bakwazi ukukhombisa amathalenta abo eqiniso: "Siye sabonisa isikhathi nesikhathi ... ukuthi sisezingeni eliphezulu ngenxa yokuhlukahluka kweqembu lethu," kusho u-Anandan.
Source: www.habr.com