Imbewu yokungezwani yahlwanyelwa emakilasini esikole futhi ihluma emakhishini, ezindlini zokuhlala nasezingxoxweni phakathi kwabafundi nabazali babo. Lapho uCollin Winter oneminyaka engu-14, ofunda ibanga lesishiyagalombili waseMcPherson, eKansas, ejoyina imibhikisho, yafinyelela umvuthwandaba wayo. E-Wellington eseduze, abafundi besikole samabanga aphakeme babambe indawo yokuhlala, kuyilapho abazali babo behlangene ezindlini zokuhlala, emasontweni nasemagcekeni okukhanda izimoto. Babeya ngobuningi emihlanganweni yesigungu sesikole. "Ngifuna nje ukuthatha i-Chromebook yami ngibatshele ukuthi ngeke ngisakwenza lokhu," kusho uKylie Forslund, 16, ongumfundi Wonyaka Weshumi eWellington. Ezindaweni ezingakaze zibone izingqwembe zezombusazwe, kwavela izingqwembe ezenziwe ekhaya kungazelelwe.
ISilicon Valley yafika ezikoleni zesifundazwe - futhi yonke into yabheda.
Ezinyangeni eziyisishiyagalombili ezedlule, izikole zomphakathi eduze ne-Wichita zashintshela kunkundla yewebhu ye-Summit Learning kanye nezifundo, uhlelo lwezifundo "lokufunda okomuntu siqu" olusebenzisa amathuluzi aku-inthanethi ukwenza imfundo ibe ngeyakho. Inkundla yeNgqungquthela yadalwa ngabathuthukisi be-Facebook futhi ixhaswe nguMark Zuckerberg nomkakhe uPriscilla Chan. Ohlelweni lweNgqungquthela, abafundi bachitha isikhathi esiningi sosuku behleli kumakhompyutha abo aphathekayo, befunda ku-inthanethi futhi behlola. Othisha basiza izingane, basebenze njengabaluleki futhi bahole amaphrojekthi akhethekile. Uhlelo lumahhala ezikoleni, ngaphandle kwama-laptops, avame ukuthengwa ngokwehlukana.
Imindeni eminingi emadolobheni aseKansas lapho, ngenxa izikole zikahulumeni , ekuqaleni kwasijabulisa lokhu kusungulwa. Ngemva kwesikhathi, izingane zesikole zaqala ukufika ekhaya ziphethwe yikhanda namajaqamba ezingalweni. Abanye bathi baqala ukwethuka. Enye intombazane yakuleli yacela uyise ama-headphones okuzingela ukuze ingezwa izingane efunda nazo ezaziyiphazamisa ezifundweni zayo, eyayizenza yodwa manje.
Ukuhlola okwenziwa ngabazali baseMcPherson High School kwathola ukuthi abangamaphesenti angu-77 babemelene ne-Summit Learning yezingane zabo, futhi abangaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-80 bathi izingane zabo azijabule ngenkundla. "Savumela amakhompiyutha afundise izingane, futhi aphenduka ama-zombies," kusho uTyson Koenig waseMcPherson ngemuva kokufunda nendodana yakhe eneminyaka engu-XNUMX ubudala. Wamkhipha esikoleni ngo-Okthoba.
USuperintendent Gordon Mohn onguNsumpa weMcPherson County Schools uthe: “Ushintsho aluvamile ukuhamba kahle.” “Abafundi sebengabafundi abazimele futhi manje sebekhombisa intshisekelo enkulu ekufundeni kwabo.” UJohn Bakendorf, uthishanhloko waseWellington Schools, uthi “iningi labazali lijabule ngalolu hlelo.”
Imibhikisho yaseKansas iyingxenye nje yokunganeliseki okukhulayo nge-Summit Learning.
Inkundla yafika ezikoleni zikahulumeni eminyakeni emine edlule futhi manje ihlanganisa izikole ezingama-380 nabafundi abangama-74. NgoNovemba abafundi besikole samabanga aphezulu badluliswa ngemuva kokuba isikole sabo sishintshele eSummit Learning. E-Indiana, ibhodi lesikole laqala ukusika futhi kamuva ngokusebenzisa inkundla , lapho amaphesenti angu-70 abafundi acele ukuyikhansela, noma bayisebenzise ngokuzithandela. Futhi e-Cheshire, uhlelo ngemuva kwemibhikisho ngo-2017. “Lapho kunokudumala ngemiphumela, izingane nabantu abadala bakwazi ukunqoba futhi baqhubekela phambili,” kusho uMary Burnham, ugogo wabazukulu ababili baseCheshire owakhipha isicelo sokuba kuqedwe iNgqungquthela.” “Akekho owayamukela.”
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi eSilicon Valley ngokwayo abaningi amagajethi ekhaya nokuthumela izingane ezikoleni ngaphandle kobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, kudala ezama Imfundo yaseMelika ngomfanekiso wayo. Ingqungquthela ibihamba phambili kulolu hlelo, kodwa imibhikisho iphakamisa imibuzo mayelana nokuthembela kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe ezikoleni zikahulumeni.
Sekuyiminyaka, ochwepheshe bephikisana ngezinzuzo zokufunda okuzihambelayo, okusebenzisanayo ngaphezu kokufunda okuvamile okuholwa othisha. Abaxhasi baphikisa ngokuthi izinhlelo ezifuze lezi zinika izingane, ikakhulukazi emadolobheni amancane anengqalasizinda ebuthaka, ukufinyelela kuhlelo lokufunda nokufundisa olusezingeni eliphezulu. Abangabazayo bakhathazeka ngesikhathi sesikrini esiningi futhi baphikisa ngokuthi abafundi baphuthelwa izifundo ezibalulekile zokusebenzisana nabantu.
UJohn Payne, isikhulu esiphezulu e-RAND, ufunde izinhlelo zokwenza ngokwezifiso ukufunda futhi ukholelwa ukuthi le ndawo isaqala.
“Kunocwaningo oluncane kakhulu,” esho.
U-Diana Tavenner, owayenguthisha kanye ne-CEO ye-Summit, wasungula i-Summit Public Schools ngo-2003 futhi waqala ukuthuthukisa isofthiwe eyayizovumela abafundi ukuthi "bazinikeze amandla." Uhlelo oluwumphumela, i-Summit Learning, seluthathwe inhlangano entsha engenzi nzuzo - . UDiana uthi imibhikisho yaseKansas imayelana nokulangazelela: “Abalufuni ushintsho. Bathanda izikole ngendlela abayiyo. Abantu abanjalo bamelana ngokuqinile nanoma yiziphi izinguquko.”
Ngo-2016, iNgqungquthela yakhokha i-Harvard Research Center ukuthi ifunde umthelela weplathifomu, kodwa . UTom Kane, obezohlela imiphumela ngokusemthethweni, uthe uyesaba ukukhuluma ngokumelene neSummit ngoba izinhlelo eziningi zemfundo zithola uxhaso kumsunguli weFacebook kanye nenhlangano esiza umphakathi kankosikazi wakhe, iChan Zuckerberg Initiative.
UMark Zuckerberg wasekela iNgqungquthela ngo-2014 futhi wanikela ngonjiniyela abahlanu be-Facebook ukuthuthukisa inkundla. Ngo-2015, wabhala ukuthi iNgqungquthela izosiza “ukuhlangabezana nezidingo nezithakazelo zomfundi ngamunye” futhi “ikhulule isikhathi sothisha sokufundisa—lokho abakwenza kangcono kakhulu.” Kusukela ngo-2016, i-Chan Zuckerberg Initiative inikeze ama- $ 99,1 wezigidi zezibonelelo kuNgqungquthela. "Sizithatha njengezibalulekile izinkinga eziphakanyiswe, futhi iSummit isebenza nabaholi bezikole nabazali endaweni," kusho u-Abby Lunardini, oyi-CEO ye-Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, "izikole eziningi ezisebenzisa i-Summit seziyithande futhi ziyayisekela."
Lolu thando nokusekela kubonakala kahle emadolobheni aseKansas eWellington (abantu abangu-8) kanye noMcPherson (abantu abangu-000). Bazungezwe amasimu kakolweni nezimboni, futhi izakhamuzi zisebenza kwezolimo, endaweni eseduze yokuhluza uwoyela noma ifektri yezindiza. Ngo-13, iKansas yamemezela ukuthi izokweseka "ukudubula kwenyanga" kwezemfundo futhi yethule "ukufunda komuntu siqu." Eminyakeni emibili kamuva wakhetha le phrojekthi "": UMcPherson noWellington. Lapho abazali bethola izincwajana ezithembisa “imfundo yomuntu siqu,” abaningi bajabula. Abaholi besifunda sesikole bakhetha iNgqungquthela.
“Besifuna ithuba elilinganayo kuzo zonke izingane,” kusho ilungu lebhodi lesikole uBrian Kynaston. USummit wenze indodakazi yakhe eneminyaka engu-14 ubudala yazizwa izimele.
“Wonke umuntu washesha kakhulu ukukwehlulela,” engeza.
Lapho kuqala unyaka wesikole, izingane zathola amalaptop ukuze zisebenzise iSummit. Ngosizo lwabo, bafunde izifundo kusukela kwizibalo kuya esiNgisini nezomlando. Othisha batshele abafundi ukuthi indima yabo manje sekuwukuba abeluleki.
Abazali bezingane ezinezinkinga zempilo ngokushesha bangena enkingeni. UMegan, 12, onesifo sokuwa, unconywe udokotela wezinzwa ukuba alinganisele isikhathi sokubukela isikrini sibe imizuzu engu-30 ngosuku ukuze kuncishiswe isibalo sokuquleka. Selokhu aqala ukusebenzisa amathuluzi ewebhu, uMegan useke waquleka izikhathi eziningana ngosuku.
NgoSepthemba, abanye abafundi bavezwe kokuqukethwe okungabazekayo lapho iNgqungquthela incoma imithombo yewebhu evulekile kubo. Kwesinye sezifundo zayo ngomlando we-Paleolithic, iNgqungquthela yayihlanganisa isixhumanisi sendatshana evela ephephandabeni laseBrithani i-Daily Mail enezikhangiso ezilumelayo kubantu abadala. Lapho kufunwa iMithetho Eyishumi, inkundla iqondiswe kabusha endaweni yobuKristu benkolo. Kulezi zimangalo, u-Tavenner uphendule ngokuthi isifundo sidalwe kusetshenziswa imithombo evulekile futhi i-athikili ku-Daily Mail ihambisana nezidingo zayo. "I-Daily Mail ibhala ezingeni eliyisisekelo kakhulu futhi kube yiphutha ukwengeza leso sixhumanisi," esho, enezela ukuthi uhlelo lwezifundo lweNgqungquthela aluqondisi abafundi ezingosini zezenkolo.
Ingqungquthela ihlukanise othisha ezweni lonke. Kwabanye, wayebakhulula ekuhleleni nasekuhleleni izivivinyo futhi wabanikeza isikhathi esengeziwe somfundi ngamunye. Abanye bathe bazithole sebedlala indima yabantu ababukele. Nakuba iNgqungquthela yayidinga ukuthi izikole zibe nezikhathi zothisha ezithatha okungenani imizuzu eyi-10, ezinye izingane zathi izikhathi azithathanga ngaphezu kwemizuzu embalwa noma zangabikho nhlobo.
Umbuzo ubuye waphakama mayelana nokuvikelwa kwedatha yomuntu siqu yabafundi. "Ingqungquthela iqoqa inani elikhulu ledatha yomuntu siqu kuwo wonke umfundi futhi ihlela ukuyilandelela ekolishi nangale kwalokho," kusho uLeonie Haimson, usihlalo ohlanganyele we-Parent Coalition for Student Privacy. U-Tavenner uphendule ngokuthi inkundla iwuthobela ngokugcwele uMthetho Wokuvikelwa Kobumfihlo Bezingane Ku-inthanethi.
Ebusika, abafundi abaningi baseMcPherson naseWellington base benokwanele.
Amehlo kaMiriland French oneminyaka engu-16 ubudala aqala ukukhathala futhi wakhumbula ukukhuluma nothisha nabafundi ekilasini. “Wonke umuntu ucindezeleke kakhulu njengamanje,” kusho yena. U-Colleen Winter webanga lesishiyagalombili ubambe iqhaza ekuhambeni kukaJanuwari kanye nabanye abafundi abangu-50. “Ngangesaba kancane,” esho, “kodwa ngangisazizwa ngijabule ngokwenza okuthile.”
Umhlangano wenhlangano wabanjelwa egcekeni lomunye wabazali, indawo kaTom Henning yokulungisa izimoto. Umculi kaMachinist uChris Smalley, onguyise wezingane ezimbili ezineminyaka engu-14 nengu-16 ubudala, wabeka uphawu phambi kwendlu yakhe ngokumelene neSummit: “Yonke into yachazwa kahle kakhulu kithi. Kodwa lokhu kwakubi kakhulu , esike sayithenga." U-Deanna Garver naye wenza uphawu egcekeni lakhe: “Ungaminzi ngeSummit.”
EMcPherson, abakwaKoenig bonga imali futhi bathumela izingane zabo esikoleni samaKatolika: “Asiwona amaKhatholika, kodwa sikuthola kulula ukuxoxa ngenkolo esidlweni sakusihlwa kuneSummit.” Cishe ishumi nambili labazali baseWellington asebezikhiphile izingane zabo ezikoleni zikahulumeni ngemuva kwethemu yasekwindla kanti abanye abangu-40 bahlela ukuzihoxisa ehlobo, ngokusho kweKhansela leDolobha laseWellington uKevin Dodds.
“Sihlala emaphethelweni,” ekhononda, “futhi basiphendule amagwinya.”
Source: www.habr.com