Isikhathi sokugcina mayelana nokuncipha kwe-IPv4 - mayelana nokuthi ubani ongumnikazi wesabelo esincane samakheli asele nokuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeke. Namuhla sidingida enye indlela - iphrothokholi ye-IPv6 kanye nezizathu zokusabalala kwayo kancane - abanye bathi izindleko eziphakeme zokufuduka yizo ezinecala, kanti abanye bathi ubuchwepheshe sebuphelelwe yisikhathi.
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Ubani osebenzisa i-IPv6
I-IPv6 ikhona kusukela maphakathi nawo-nineties - kungaleso sikhathi lapho kwavela khona ama-RFC okuqala echaza izindlela zokusebenza kwawo (isibonelo, ). Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, iphrothokholi yacwengwa futhi yavivinywa kwaze kwaba yilapho yenzeka ngo-2012. futhi abahlinzeki abakhulu baqala ukuyisebenzisa - i-AT&T, Comcast, Internode kanye ne-XS4ALL babephakathi kwabokuqala.
Kamuva bajoyinwa ezinye izinkampani ze-IT, ezifana ne-Facebook. Namuhla, ngaphezu kwesigamu sabasebenzisi benethiwekhi yokuxhumana nabantu bavela e-United States ngenguqulo yesithupha yephrothokholi. Ithrafikhi ye-IPv6 nayo ikhula kancane kancane emazweni ase-Asia - i-Vietnam ne-Taiwan.
I-IPv6 ithuthukiswa ezingeni lamazwe ngamazwe - e-UN. Ngonyaka odlule kwethulwe olunye lwezigaba zenhlangano . Ababhali bayo baphakamise imodeli yokuthuthela ku-IPv6 futhi banikeze izincomo zokusebenza ngeziqalo zama-ejensi kahulumeni nezinkampani ezizimele.
Izinto eziphuma kubhulogi yethu ku-Habré:
Ekuqaleni konyaka Cisco , eyathi ngo-2022 ithrafikhi ye-IPv6 izophindeka kane uma kuqhathaniswa no-2019 (). Nokho, naphezu kokusekelwa okusebenzayo kwenguqulo yesithupha yephrothokholi, ukuthuthukiswa okunjalo kwemicimbi kubonakala kungenakwenzeka. I-IPv6 isakazeka kancane emhlabeni jikelele - iyasekelwa okwamanje amasayithi. Futhi kunezizathu eziningana zalokhu.
Yini ebambezela ukuqaliswa
Okokuqala, ubunzima bezobuchwepheshe. Ukuze ushintshele ku-IPv6, ngokuvamile udinga ukubuyekeza okokusebenza kwakho futhi ukulungiselele. Endabeni yengqalasizinda ye-IT yezinga elikhulu, lo msebenzi ungase ungabi yinto encane. Isibonelo, unjiniyela wegeyimu we-SIE Worldwide Studios uzame ukushintshela enguqulweni yesithupha yephrothokholi . Onjiniyela babuyekeze ukwakheka kwenethiwekhi, balahla i-NAT futhi bathuthukisa imithetho yokuvikela umlilo. Kodwa abakwazanga ukuthuthela ngokuphelele ku-IPv6. Ngenxa yalokho, ithimba lanquma ukuwuyeka lo mbono futhi lawukhansela umsebenzi.
Okwesibili, izindleko zokuguquka eziphezulu. Yebo, kunezibonelo embonini lapho ukushintshela ku-IPv6 kuvumele inkampani ukuthi yonge imali. Isibonelo, omunye wabahlinzeki be-inthanethi base-Australia abakhulu ukuthi ukuthuthela ku-IPv6 kuzobiza kancane kunokuthenga amakheli e-IPv4 engeziwe. Kodwa-ke, nakulokhu, izimali kuzodingeka zisetshenziswe ekuthengeni izinto zokusebenza, ukuqeqesha kabusha abasebenzi kanye nokuvuselela izinkontileka nabasebenzisi.
Ngenxa yalokho, ukuthuthela kuphrothokholi yesizukulwane esisha kubiza isenti elihle kwezinye izinkampani. Ngakho-ke, kanjani unjiniyela ohamba phambili komunye wabahlinzeki be-inthanethi baseBrithani, kuyilapho yonke into izosebenza ngokuphepha ku-IPv4, ukushintshela ku-IPv6 ngeke kwenzeke.
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Ochwepheshe baphinde baqaphele ukuthi eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, inguqulo yesithupha yephrothokholi isivele isiphelelwe yisikhathi. Onjiniyela abavela eRutgers University ukuthi i-IPv6 (njengomanduleli wayo) ayikufanelanga kahle ukusebenza kumanethiwekhi eselula. Uma umsebenzisi ehamba esuka endaweni eyodwa yokungena eya kwenye, izindlela “ezindala” zokunikezela zibophezelekile ekushintsheni iziteshi eziyisisekelo. Ngokuzayo, uma inombolo yamakheli e-IP namadivayisi eselula emhlabeni ikhula kakhulu, lesi sici singase sibangele ukubambezeleka ngesikhathi sokuxhuma kabusha.
Phakathi kwezinye izinto ezehlisa ukushintshela ku-IPv6, ochwepheshe bayagqamisa ukukhuphuka okuncane kokusebenza iphrothokholi entsha. Ngokocwaningo oluthile, emazweni esifunda sase-Asia-Pacific, amaphakethe asakazwa nge-IPv4 ngokushesha kunangaphezu kwe-IPv6 (). E-Afrika noma e-Latin America awukho nhlobo umehluko ngesivinini sokudlulisa idatha.
Ayini amathemba
Naphezu kwabo bonke ubunzima, abanye ochwepheshe bayaqiniseka ukuthi i-IPv6 “inekusasa eliqhakazile.” Ngokomunye wonjiniyela besitaki sephrothokholi ye-TCP/IP, i-Vinton Cerf, ukuduma kwe-IPv6 ngempela kukhula kancane kakhulu, kodwa konke akulahleki kuphrothokholi.
UJohn Curran, umongameli we-American Internet registrar u-ARIN, uyavumelana naleli phuzu lokubuka. Yena , ukuthi abahlinzeki be-inthanethi abakhulu kuphela abazwe ukushoda kwe-IPv4. Izinkampani ezincane nabasebenzisi abajwayelekile ababoni izinkinga okwamanje. Ngakho-ke, kungase kudalwe umbono oyiphutha wokuthi inguqulo yesithupha yephrothokholi "ifile." Futhi esikhathini esizayo esiseduze (uma ukholelwa izibikezelo ze-Cisco), i-IPv6 kufanele isheshise ukusabalala kwayo emhlabeni wonke.
Esibhala ngakho kubhulogi lebhizinisi le-VAS Experts:
Source: www.habr.com