Ngiseyingane, cishe ngangingumuntu omelene namaSemite. Futhi konke ngenxa yakhe. Nangu yena.
Wayehlale engicasula. Ngamane ngithanda uchungechunge oluhle kakhulu lwezindaba zikaPaustovsky mayelana nekati lesela, isikebhe senjoloba, njll. Futhi nguyena kuphela owachitha yonke into.
Kwaphela isikhathi eside ngingaqondi ukuthi kungani uPaustovsky ehlanganyela nalo Fraerman? Uhlobo oluthile lomJuda we-caricature, futhi igama lakhe liyisiphukuphuku - uRubeni. Cha, yebo, ngangazi ukuthi wayengumbhali wencwadi ethi “The Wild Dog Dingo, or Tale of First Love,” kodwa lokhu kwamane kwashubisa isimo. Cha, angikayifundi le ncwadi, futhi angizange ngikuhlele. Imuphi umfana ozihloniphayo ongafunda incwadi enesihloko esincanyana kangaka uma i-“Captain Blood’s Odyssey” ingafundwa okwesihlanu?
Futhi u-Paustovsky ... u-Paustovsky wayepholile. Umbhali opholile ngempela, ngesizathu esithile ngakuqonda lokhu ngisho ngiseyingane.
Futhi lapho ngikhula futhi ngafunda mayelana nokuqokwa okuthathu koMklomelo KaNobel, udumo lwamazwe ngamazwe, noMarlene Dietrich eguqe obala phambi komlobi wakhe oyintandokazi, ngamhlonipha nakakhulu.
Futhi ukuthi ngangimhlonipha kangakanani lapho, sengikhulile ngokuhlakanipha, ngiphinde ngafunda izincwadi zakhe ... U-Paustovsky akazange nje abone okuningi futhi aqonde okuningi kuleli zwe - wayehlakaniphile. Futhi lena ikhwalithi eyivelakancane kakhulu. Ngisho naphakathi kwababhali.
Ikakhulukazi phakathi kwababhali.
Ngaso leso sikhathi, ngabona ukuthi kungani ehlanganyela noFraerman.
Futhi ngemva kwendaba yakamuva mayelana namademoni eMpi Yombango, nginqume ukukutshela futhi.
***
Bengilokhu ngizibuza ukuthi kungani kwenziwa amafilimu ahlabayo mayelana neMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe, lapho abantu bakhala khona, kuyilapho iMpi Yombango yayiwuhlobo oluthile lokuzijabulisa. Ikakhulukazi zonke izinhlobo “zasempumalanga” ezijabulisa kancane njengokuthi “Ilanga Elimhlophe Lasogwadule” noma “Ama-Elusive Avengers” athwetshulwa ngaye.
Futhi kamuva nje ngabona ukuthi kwakuyilokho okubizwa ngokuthi "i-substitution" ku-psychology. Ngemuva kwalokhu kuzijabulisa basifihla eqinisweni lokuthi iMpi Yombango yayiyini ngempela.
Ngikholwe, kunezimo lapho iqiniso lingelona iqiniso odinga ukulazi.
Emlandweni, njengasezibalo, kukhona ama-axiom. Omunye wabo uthi: eRussia akukho lutho olubi kune-Time of Troubles.
Zazingekho izimpi, azikho izifo eziwumshayabhuqe ezisondela ngisho naseduze. Noma yimuphi umuntu ocwiliswe emibhalweni uzobuyela emuva ethukile futhi aphinde ngemuva kwe-classicist ethukile enqume ukufunda ngesiyaluyalu sasePugach: "UNkulunkulu makangavumi ukuthi sibone ukuhlubuka kwaseRussia ...".
Impi Yombango yayingeyona nje embi kakhulu - kwakuyinto edlula zonke.
Angikhathali ukuphinda - kwakuyisihogo esahlasela umhlaba, ukuhlasela kwe-Inferno, ukuhlasela kwamademoni athumba imizimba nemiphefumulo yezakhamuzi ezisanda kuthula.
Okukhulu kunakho konke, kwakubukeka sengathi ubhubhane lwengqondo - izwe lahlanya futhi langena esiphithiphithi. Kwaphela iminyaka embalwa amandla engekho nhlobo; izwe lalibuswa ngamaqembu amancane namakhulu abantu abahlanyile abahlomile ababegijima bengananjongo, bedlana bodwa futhi begcwala inhlabathi ngegazi.
Amadimoni awazange aphephise muntu, atheleleka kokubili amaBomvana nabaMhlophe, abampofu nabacebile, izigebengu, izakhamuzi, amaRussia, nabangaphandle. Ngisho namaCzech, aphila impilo evamile ayizinto zokuzilibazisa ezinokuthula. Kakade base beyiswa ekhaya ngezitimela, kodwa nabo bangenwa isifo, futhi igazi lagobhoza lisuka ePenza liya e-Omsk.
Ngizokutshela kuphela ngesiqephu esisodwa saleyo mpi, kamuva eyabizwa ngamanxusa ngokuthi "Isigameko saseNikolaev." Ngeke ngiphinde ngilandise ngokuningiliziwe, ngizonikeza kuphela uhlaka oluyinhloko lwezenzakalo.
Kwakukhona, njengoba bebengasho namuhla, umphathi wensimu we-orientation "obomvu" ogama lakhe linguYakov Tryapitsyn. Kufanele kushiwo ukuthi wayeyindoda engavamile. Owake waba yisikhulu se-warrant officer owaba yisikhulu esivela esigabeni nefayela eMpini Yezwe Yokuqala, futhi ngenkathi eseyisosha wathola ama-St. George Crosses amabili. I-anarchist, phakathi neMpi Yombango walwa nalawo ma-White Czechs eSamara, wabe eseya eSiberia futhi wafika eMpumalanga Ekude.
Ngolunye usuku walwa nomyalo, futhi, enganelisekile ngesinqumo sokumisa impi kuze kufike izingxenye ze-Red Army, wahamba nabantu abaqotho kuye, okwakukhona 19 kuphela. Naphezu kwalokhu, wamemezela ukuthi wayezobuyisela amandla eSoviet e-Amur futhi waqhubeka nomkhankaso - kakade nabantu abangu-35.
Njengoba ukuhlasela kuqhubeka, ibutho lakhula futhi baqala ukuthatha amadolobhana. Khona-ke inhloko yebutho laseNikolaevsk-on-Amur, inhloko-dolobha yangempela yalezo zindawo, uColonel Medvedev omhlophe wathumela ibutho eliholwa nguColonel Vits ukuhlangabezana noTryapitsyn. AbaMhlophe banqume ukuwaqeda amaRed ngaphambi kokuthi athole amandla.
Ngemva kokuhlangana namandla okujezisa, Tryapitsyn, ememezela ukuthi ufuna ukugwema ukuchitheka kwegazi, weza Whites ngezingxoxo. Amandla e-charisma yale ndoda yayinkulu kangangokuthi ngokushesha ngemva kwalokhu, kwaqubuka isiphithiphithi eqenjini likaVitz, u-Colonel kanye nabambalwa abasele abathembekile baya eDe-Kastri Bay, futhi iningi lamasosha amhlophe asanda kuhlanganyela ajoyina iqembu likaTryapitsyn.
Njengoba cishe awekho amabutho ahlomile asele e-Nikolaevsk - ama-fighters angaba ngu-300 kuphela, ama-Whites e-Nikolaevsk amema amaJapane ukuba avikele idolobha. Labo, yebo, babethanda kuphela, futhi ngokushesha kwamiswa ibutho laseJapane edolobheni - abantu abangu-350 ngaphansi komyalo ka-Major Ishikawa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, cishe izakhamuzi zaseJapane ezingaba ngu-450 zazihlala edolobheni. Njengakuwo wonke amadolobha aseMpumalanga Ekude, kwakukhona amaShayina amaningi namaKorea, ngaphezu kwalokho, ithimba lezikebhe zaseShayina, eliholwa nguCommodore Chen Shin, owayengenaso isikhathi sokuya ebhange laseShayina lase-Amur ngaphambi kokuba kube yiqhwa. ebusika e Nikolaevsk.
Kwaze kwagqashuka intwasahlobo neqhwa, bonke babevaleleke edolobheni, kungekho ndawo yokuphuma.
Ukungena kwamasosha aseJapane e-Nikolaevsk-on-Amur ngo-1918. UMajor Ishikawa wenziwa ngokuhlukana enqoleni yamahhashi.
Kodwa-ke, maduzane, ngemva kokwenza imashi yasebusika engakaze ibonwe, "ibutho likaTryapitsyn" elinamandla angu-2 XNUMX lisondela edolobheni, ezinsikeni zalo kwakukhona uReuben Fraerman, i-geek ethelelekile, umfundi wakamuva eKharkov Institute of Technology, okwathi, ngonyaka wesithathu, wathunyelwa umkhuba wezimboni kuloliwe eMpumalanga Ekude. Lapha wabanjwa yi-Civil War, lapho athatha khona uhlangothi lwe-Reds futhi manje wayesengomunye wabaphehli be-Tryaptsyn.
Umuzi wawuvinjezelwe.
Futhi umdanso omude nonyantisa igazi wamademoni eMpi Yombango waqala.
Konke kwaqala kancane - nabantu ababili, izithunywa ezibomvu u-Orlov-Ovcharenko noShchetnikov, ababulawa ngabamhlophe.
Khona-ke ama-Reds asakaza ibutho lenqaba laseChnyrrakh, elilawula izindlela zokuya eNikolaevsk-on-Amur, futhi lahlala enqabeni, lithola izikhali.
Esongelwa ngokudutshulwa kwedolobha, amaJapane amemezela ukungathathi hlangothi kwawo.
Abakwa-Reds bangena edolobheni futhi bahlala kulo ngaphandle kokuphikiswa, bathwebula, phakathi kwezinye izinto, yonke inqolobane yolwazi olumhlophe.
Izidumbu ezicwilisiwe zika-Ovcharenko noShchetnikov zikhonjiswa emabhokisini esakhiweni somhlangano wamasosha enqaba yaseChnyrrakh. Abashokobezi bafuna ukuziphindiselela, futhi ngokohlu lwezobunhloli, ukuboshwa nokubulawa kwabamhlophe kuyaqala.
AmaJapane ahlala engathathi hlangothi futhi axhumana ngenkuthalo nabanikazi abasha bedolobha. Ngokushesha isimo sokuba khona kwabo endaweni yabo siyakhohlwa, ubudlelwano buqala, futhi amasosha aseJapane ahlomile, egqoke iminsalo ebomvu nemnyama (i-anarchist), azulazula edolobheni, futhi umkhuzi wabo uvunyelwe ngisho nokuxhumana ngomsakazo nendlunkulu yaseJapane eKhabarovsk. .
Kodwa i-idyll ye-fraternization yaphela ngokushesha. Ngobusuku buka-March 11 kuya ku-March 12, amaJapane adubula ekomkhulu lika-Tryapitsin ngezibhamu namarokhethi ashisayo, enethemba lokunquma ngokushesha amasosha abomvu. Lesi sakhiwo sakhiwe ngokhuni, futhi kuqubuka umlilo kuso. Umphathi wabasebenzi u-TI Naumov-Medved ushonile, unobhala wabasebenzi u-Pokrovsky-Chernykh, enqanyulwe amalangabi, wazidubula, u-Tryaptsyn ngokwakhe, imilenze yakhe yadutshulwa, waqhutshwa eshidini elinegazi futhi, ngaphansi kweJapane. umlilo, wadluliselwa esakhiweni samatshe esiseduze, lapho bahlela khona ukuzivikela.
Ukudubula nomlilo kwenzeka kulo lonke idolobha, njengoba kwasheshe kwacaca ukuthi amasosha asebutho laseJapane abamba iqhaza ekuvukeleni okuhlomile, kodwa nawo wonke amadoda aseJapane akwazi ukuphatha izikhali.
Izimpi ziya ekufeni, futhi zombili iziboshwa ziphelile.
Unogada ka-Tryapitsyn, owayeyisiboshwa saseSakhalin esiteketiswa ngokuthi uLapta, oneqembu elingena ejele futhi ubulala zonke iziboshwa.
Ukuze ungadonseli ukunaka kwamaJapane ngokudubula, wonke umuntu "uqedile" ngensimbi ebandayo. Njengoba igazi lidakwa njenge-vodka, abantu abakhungathekile ababulalanga nje kuphela abamhlophe ababoshiwe, kodwa nabalandeli babo abahlezi endlini yonogada.
Ukulwa edolobheni kuthatha izinsuku ezimbalwa, umphumela wempi unqunywa umkhuzi weqembu leqembu labavukuzi ababomvu, uBudrin, owafika nebutho lakhe endaweni eseduze enkulu - idolobhana laseKirbi, elingamakhilomitha angu-300. kude. kusukela Nikolaevsk.
Ekugcineni, amaJapane abulawa ngokuphelele, kuhlanganise nenxusa, umkakhe nendodakazi yakhe, kanye nama-geisha avela ezindlini zezifebe zendawo. Bangu-12 kuphela abesifazane baseJapane ababeshade namaShayina abasinda - bona, kanye nedolobha lamaShayina, baphephela ezikebheni zezibhamu.
Inkosikazi kaTryapitsyn, uNina Lebedeva, isikhulu seSocialist-Revolutionary esidingiselwe eMpumalanga Ekude njengomfundi wesikole samabanga aphezulu eneminyaka engu-15 ngenxa yokubamba iqhaza emzamweni wokubulala umbusi wasePenza, uqokwa njengenhloko entsha yabasebenzi ophikweni oluhlangene.
U-Ya. U-Tryaptsyn ulimele nomkakhe ovamile u-N. Lebedeva.
Ngemva kokunqotshwa kwamaJapane, uMkhandlu WaseNikolaev umenyezelwa edolobheni, imali iyaqedwa futhi ukuzingela kwangempela konxiwankulu kuyaqala.
Uma sekuqaliwe, leli sondo lokundiza cishe akunakwenzeka ukulimisa.
Ngizokuphephisa imininingwane enegazi yalokho okwenzeka e-Nikolaevsk ngokuqhubekayo, ngizokusho lokho kuphela ngenxa yalokho okubizwa ngokuthi. "Isigameko sikaNikolaev" saphumela ekufeni kwezinkulungwane ezimbalwa zabantu.
Konke lokhu kuhlangene, kuhlukene: Ababomvu, abaMhlophe, amaRussia, amaJapani, izihlakaniphi, ama-hunghuz, ama-telegraph opharetha, iziboshwa nezinye izinkulungwane zabantu abahlukahlukene.
Futhi ukubhujiswa okuphelele kwedolobha - ngemva kokuphuma kwabantu kanye nokuhamba kwebutho likaTryaptsyn, kwakungekho lutho olusele eNikolaevsk endala.
Lutho.
Njengoba kwabalwa kamuva, ezindlini zokuhlala eziyi-1165 zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, izakhiwo ezingama-21 (amatshe namatshe acishe abe ngamatshe) zaqhunyiswa, kwashiswa amapulangwe ayi-1109, ngakho izakhiwo zokuhlala eziyi-1130 zacekelwa phansi sezizonke, lokhu cishe kungama-97% ezindawo zokuhlala. Ingqikithi yezindlu e-Nikolaevsk.
Ngaphambi kokuhamba, u-Tryapitsyn, ekhungathekile ngegazi, wathumela i-radiogram:
Bakwethu! Isikhathi sokugcina lesi sikhuluma nawe. Sishiya idolobha nenqaba, siqhume isiteshi somsakazo futhi singene e-taiga. Bonke abantu basedolobheni nesifunda bakhishwe. Imizana egudle lonke ugu lolwandle nasezindaweni eziphansi ze-Amur yashiswa. Idolobha nenqaba kwacekelwa phansi, izakhiwo ezinkulu zaqhunyiswa. Konke okwakungaphumi muntu futhi okwakungasetshenziswa amaJapane kwacekelwa phansi futhi kwashiswa yithi. Endaweni yedolobha nenqaba, kwakusele amanxiwa ashunqayo kuphela, futhi isitha sethu, esifika lapha, sizothola izinqwaba zomlotha kuphela. Siyahamba...
Ungase ubuze - kuthiwani ngoFraerman? Abukho ubufakazi bokuhlanganyela kwakhe ezenzweni ezimbi, kunalokho okuphambene.
Umbhali wemidlalo ohlanyayo ogama lakhe linguLife wanquma ukuthi kwakungalesi sikhathi lapho uthando lokuqala kufanele lwenzeke kumfundi wangaphambili waseKharkov. Yiqiniso, engajabulile.
Yilokho uSergei Ptitsyn abhala ngakho ezincwadini zakhe zama-partisans:
“Amahemuhemu mayelana nalesi senzo sobushokobezi angena phakathi kwabantu, futhi abantu abangawatholanga amapasi (okukhishwa - i-VN) bagijima edolobheni bethukile, befuna zonke izinhlobo zezindlela namathuba okuphuma edolobheni. Abanye besifazane abasebasha, abahle bonxiwankulu nabafelokazi bama-White Guards ababulewe bazinikela njengamakhosikazi kubalandeli beqembu ukuze babasize baphume edolobheni, bangena ebuhlotsheni nezisebenzi ezinomthwalo wemfanelo othe xaxa noma omncane ukuze bazisebenzisele insindiso yabo. , baziphonse ezingalweni zezikhulu zamaShayina ezaziphuma ezikebheni ezinezibhamu, ukuze zisindiswe ngosizo lwazo.
UFraerman, ebeka ukuphila kwakhe engozini, wasindisa indodakazi yompristi uZinaida Chernykh, wamsiza ukuba acashe njengomkakhe, futhi kamuva, ebonakala kuye esesimweni esihlukile, akazange aqashelwe njengomyeni wakhe.”
Abukho ubufakazi bokuhlanganyela kwakhe ezenzweni zonya.
Kodwa wayekhona futhi wakubona konke. Kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekugcineni.
***
UTryaptsyn, uLebedev, uLapta nabanye abantu abangamashumi amabili abazihlukanisa ngesikhathi sokubhujiswa kweNikolaevsk "baqedwa" ngabasekeli babo, eduze nedolobhana laseKirby, manje eliyidolobhana eliqanjwe ngoPolina Osipenko.
Itulo eliphumelelayo laliholwa nguLieutenant wangaphambili, futhi manje oyilungu lekomidi eliphezulu kanye nomphathi wamaphoyisa wesifunda, u-Andreev.
Badutshulwa yisinqumo senkantolo esheshayo kudala ngaphambi kokuthola noma yimiphi imiyalo evela eKhabarovsk, ikakhulukazi evela eMoscow.
Ngoba nje ngemva kokweqa umugqa othile, abantu kufanele babulawe - kungaba ngokwemithetho yabantu noma yaphezulu, okungenani ngenxa yomqondo wokuzilondoloza.
Nakhu, ubuholi obubulewe besifunda saseNikolaev:
UFraerman akazange abambe iqhaza ekuphindiseleleni umlawuli wangaphambili - ngaphambi nje kokuphuma, waqokwa ukuba abe yi-commissar yeqembu leqembu elakhiwe ukusungula amandla aseSoviet phakathi kweTungus.
“Ngaleli qembu elihlangene, - Umbhali ngokwakhe wakhumbula ezincwadini zakhe, “Ngahamba izinkulungwane zamakhilomitha phakathi kwe-taiga engangeneki nge-reindeer...”. Umkhankaso wathatha izinyanga ezine futhi waphela e-Yakutsk, lapho ibutho lahlakazwa khona, futhi lowo owayengukhomishana waqala ukusebenzela iphephandaba le-Lensky Communar.
***
Bahlala ndawonye emahlathini aseMeshchera - yena noPaustovsky.
Wabuye wabona izinto eziningi eMpini Yombango - kokubili e-Kyiv ehlalwe, nasebuthweni elizimele likaHetman Skoropadsky, kanye nebutho elibomvu, elibuthwe kuMakhnovists bangaphambili.
Ngokunembile, bobathathu, ngoba umngane oseduze kakhulu, u-Arkady Gaidar, wayefika ezobabona. Baze bakhuluma ngalokhu emafilimini aseSoviet.
UGaidar ofanayo owake wabhala kudayari yakhe: “Ngiphuphe abantu engababulala ngisemncane”.
Lapho, emahlathini angangcolisiwe nasemachibini aseMeshchera, bazihlanza.
Bancibilikisa amandla amademoni amnyama aba imigqa exoshiwe yobumsulwa nobumnene obungavamile.
UGaidar wabhala "I-Blue Cup" lapho, umsebenzi ocacile kakhulu wezincwadi zezingane zaseSoviet.
UFraerman wathula isikhathi eside, kodwa wabe esebhodloza, futhi ngesonto wabhala "I-Wild Dog Dingo, noma Inganekwane Yothando Lokuqala."
Indaba yenzeka ngezikhathi zamaSoviet, kodwa idolobha elise-Amur, elichazwe ngokuningiliziwe encwadini, liyabonakala kakhulu.
Lona yi-pre-revolutionary efanayo, i-Nikolaevsk-on-Amur engasekho.
Umuzi bawubhubhisa.
U-Paustovsky wabhala lokhu: "Inkulumo ethi "ithalente elihle" ithinta ngqo uFraerman. Leli ithalente elinomusa nelimsulwa. Ngakho-ke, uFraerman wakwazi ukuthinta izici ezinjalo zokuphila njengothando lwakhe lokuqala lobusha ngokunakekelwa okukhethekile. Incwadi kaFraerman ethi "The Wild Dog Dingo, or Tale of First Love" igcwele ukukhanya, inkondlo esobala mayelana nothando phakathi kwentombazane nomfana..
Ngokuvamile babehlala kahle lapho. Kukhona okulungile, okunomusa nokujabulisayo:
UGaidar wayefika njalo nezinkondlo ezintsha ezihlekisayo. Wake wabhala inkondlo ende ngabo bonke ababhali nabahleli abasha e-Children's Publishing House. Le nkondlo yalahleka futhi yalibaleka, kodwa ngikhumbula imigqa ejabulisayo enikezelwe kuFraerman:
Esibhakabhakeni ngaphezu kwendawo yonke
Sihlushwe isihawu saphakade,
Ubukeka engagundile, ephefumulelwe,
URubeni othethelelayo...
Bazivumela ukuba bakhulule amademoni abo ayecindezelwe kanye kuphela.
Ngo-1941.
Cishe uyazi ngoGaidar; U-Paustovsky wabhalela uFraerman ngaphambili: "Ngachitha inyanga nengxenye e-Southern Front, cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngingabali izinsuku ezine, emgqeni womlilo ...".
I-Paustovsky eseNingizimu Front.
Futhi uFraerman... Fraerman, owayesevile eminyakeni engamashumi ayisithupha, wajoyina amasosha aseMoscow njengesosha elivamile ehlobo lika-41. Akazange acashe phambili, yingakho alimala kanzima ngo-1942, ngemva kwalokho wadedelwa.
Umfundi wangaphambili waseKharkov kanye nomshushisi weqembu wayemiselwe ukuphila isikhathi eside - waphila iminyaka engu-80 ubudala.
Futhi nsuku zonke, njengoChekhov isigqila, wayezikhamela kuye leli dimoni elimnyama leMpi Yombango.
Ngokungafani nabangane bakhe uPaustovsky noGaidar, wayengeyena umbhali omkhulu. Kodwa, ngokwezinkumbulo zabaningi, uRuben Fraerman wayengomunye wabantu abaqhakazile nabanomusa kunabo bonke abahlangana nabo ekuphileni.
Futhi ngemva kwalokhu, imigqa Ruvim Isaevich umsindo ezahlukene ngokuphelele:
“Ukuphila ukuphila kwakho ngesithunzi emhlabeni kuwubuciko obuhle kakhulu, mhlawumbe obuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunanoma yiliphi elinye ikhono...”.
PS Futhi kufanele usafunde "Ikati Lesela", uma ungakakwenzi.
Source: www.habr.com