Isihloko sabhalwa ngaphezu kwalokho ngesicelo somphakathi.
Kulesi sihloko sizoqonda umlingo wezinombolo ezinombolweni zamadesimali. Futhi cabanga ngezinombolo ezingamukelwa kuphela ku ESKD (Uhlelo Oluhlanganisiwe Lokubhalwa Kwemibhalo), kanye naku ESPD (Uhlelo Oluhlanganisiwe Lokushicilelwa Kwezinhlelo) kanye I-KSAS (Isethi yamazinga wezinhlelo ezizenzakalelayo), njengoba iHarb ngokuvamile iqukethe ochwepheshe be-IT.
Ngokuvumelana nezidingo zezindinganiso ze-ESKD, ESPD kanye ne-KSAS, umkhiqizo ngamunye (uhlelo, uhlelo) kufanele unikezwe igama - inombolo yedesimali.
Ukuqokwa kwabelwa ngokuhambisana nemithetho esungulwe kumazinga. Lokhu kwasungulwa abantu ezikhathini zasendulo ukuze kuhlanganiswe futhi kwenziwe lula ukuhlonzwa kwemikhiqizo kanye nemibhalo, ukugcinwa kwamarekhodi nezinqolobane zomlando.
Masiqonde inqubo elula yokwabela inombolo yedesimali ukuze ingabonakali njengomkhuba wasendulo, futhi izinombolo ezabelwe azibonakali njengezinombolo zomlingo.
Kusethi ngayinye yamazinga, sizocubungula inqubo ngokwehlukana.
Uhlelo oluhlanganisiwe lwemibhalo yokuklama
Ku-ESKD, uhlelo lokuqokwa kwemikhiqizo kanye nemibhalo yayo yokuklama lusungulwa ngu .
Umkhiqizo ngamunye unegama lawo eliyingqayizivele.
Ukuqokwa komkhiqizo kunganikezwa ngezindlela ezimbili:
- okumaphakathi - ngaphakathi kohlaka lwe-oda elinqunywe yinkonzo, umnyango, ngaphakathi kwemboni;
- i-decentralized - ngokuhambisana nemithetho ethathwe enhlanganweni yokuthuthukisa.
Isakhiwo segama lomkhiqizo kanye nedokhumenti yomklamo oyinhloko kuboniswa kuMfanekiso 1.
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| Umdwebo 1 - Isakhiwo sokuqokwa komkhiqizo |
Ikhodi yama-alfabhethi enamadijithi amane yenhlangano eyenza imibhalo yokuklama, ehlanganisa izinhlamvu ezifana ne-ABC, inikezwa ngokuya nge-Codifier yezinhlangano zokuthuthukisa.
Ukuze uthole ikhodi enezinhlamvu ezine, inhlangano yokuthuthukisa kufanele ixhumane . Sicela uqaphele ukuthi le sevisi ikhokhiwe. Isibonelo: I-NVP yebhizinisi "Bolid" inekhodi enezinhlamvu ezine zenhlangano kanjiniyela "I-ACDR", CJSC "Bastion" - "INHLANZI".
Emikhiqizweni yabantu, esikhundleni sekhodi enezinhlamvu ezine, kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa ikhodi evela ku-All-Russian Classifier of Enterprises and Organizations () ibhizinisi lonjiniyela. Ikhodi ye-OKPO (inombolo yamadijithi ayisishiyagalombili noma ayishumi) iyisidingo esiyimpoqo kunoma iyiphi inhlangano futhi ishintsha kuphela lapho ibhizinisi lishintsha indlela kanye nemininingwane yomsebenzi walo, ngaphandle kwalokho ihlala ingashintshi impilo yonke yenkampani.
Ikhodi yesici sokuhlukanisa yabelwa umkhiqizo kanye nedokhumenti yokuklama ngokuya ngokwesigaba semikhiqizo kanye nemibhalo yedizayini yobunjiniyela bemishini nokwenziwa kwezinsimbi (Isihlukanisi se-ESKD). E-Russian Federation kukhona "I-All-Russian Classifier of Products and Design Documents", , isethi ehlelekile yamagama okuhlukaniswa kwamaqembu ezinto zokuhlukaniswa - imikhiqizo yokukhiqizwa okuyinhloko nokusiza kwayo yonke imikhakha yomnotho kazwelonke, imibhalo ejwayelekile yezobuchwepheshe kanye namakhodi awo futhi iyingxenye ebalulekile yoHlelo Oluhlanganisiwe Lokuhlukaniswa Nokufakwa Kwekhodi Kobuchwepheshe. kanye Nolwazi Lwezomnotho.
Isici sokuhlukanisa siyingxenye eyinhloko yokuqokwa komkhiqizo kanye nedokhumenti yokuklama kwawo. Ikhodi yesici sokuhlukanisa inikezwa ngokuya Ngesihlukanisi se-ESKD futhi iyinombolo enezinhlamvu eziyisithupha eqoka ikilasi ngokulandelana (amadijithi amabili okuqala), i-subclass, iqembu, iqembu elincane, uhlobo (idijithi eyodwa lilinye). Isigaba se-ESKD sakhiwe kusetshenziswa indlela yedesimali ye-hierarchical, ngokusekelwe ekushintsheni okunengqondo ukusuka kokujwayelekile ukuya kokuqondile kusethi ehlukaniswayo.
Isakhiwo sekhodi yokuhlukanisa isici simi kanje:
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| Umdwebo 2 - Isakhiwo sekhodi yesici sokuhlukanisa |
Isihlukanisi sihambisana nezincomo ezinemininingwane zokusesha nokunquma ikhodi yezimpawu zokuhlukaniswa komkhiqizo.
Isibonelo, kufanele unqume ikhodi yesici yesigaba samandla kagesi wesiteshi esisodwa enamandla kagesi angu-220V AC, 50Hz, enamandla kagesi aphumayo e-DC azinzile angu-12V kanye namandla asebenzayo angu-60W.
Okokuqala, kufanele unqume inombolo yekilasi kugridi yamakilasi nama-subclass ngegama lomkhiqizo.
Kulokhu, iklasi lifanelekile I-43XXXX “Ama-Microcircuits, i-semiconductor, i-electrovacuum, i-piezoelectric, i-quantum electronics device, izixhumi, izixhumi, iziguquli zikagesi, izinsiza zikagesi zesibili”.
Lapho kufanele ukhethe i-subclass 436XXX “Amasistimu nemithombo yokuphakelwa kukagesi kwesibili”.
Usebenzisa igridi yamaqembu, amaqembu amancane nezinhlobo, kufanele unqume iqembu esigabeni esingaphansi esikhethiwe, ngokusekelwe ezicini zedivayisi eyenziwayo: 4362XX “Imithombo yamandla yesibili yesiteshi esisodwa enogesi oshintshashintshayo wesigaba esisodwa”, iqembu elincane: 43623X “Ngokuphumayo okungaguquki kwe-voltage ezinzile kanye namapharamitha okukhiphayo” futhi ubuke: 436234 “Amandla, uW St. 10 kuya ku-100 kuhlanganisa. I-voltage, i-V ifika ku-100 incl.".
Ngakho-ke, ikhodi yokuhlukanisa yamandla kagesi wesiteshi esisodwa enamandla kagesi angu-220V AC nemvamisa engu-50Hz enamandla okukhiphayo azinzile angu-12V DC namandla asebenzayo angu-60W kuzoba: 436234.
Inombolo yokubhalisa ye-serial inikezwa ngokuya ngesici sokuhlukanisa ukusuka ku-001 kuya ku-999 ngaphakathi kwekhodi yenhlangano yonjiniyela uma kwenzeka kwabiwa isabelo esiphakathi nendawo - ngaphakathi kwekhodi yenhlangano eyabelwe isabelo esimaphakathi.
Isibonelo, le nombolo ingaba inombolo ye-serial yokufakiwe ekhadini lokubhalisa igama lomkhiqizo. Ifomu nenqubo yokugcina ikhadi lokubhaliswa kwegama kusungulwa ku-GOST 2.201-80.
Ngakho-ke, ngesibonelo esicatshangelwe sokukhetha isici sokuhlukanisa, ukuqokwa komkhiqizo kungase kubukeke kanje:
Ukuqokwa kwedokhumenti yokuklama okungeyona eyinhloko kufanele ihlanganise ukuqokwa komkhiqizo kanye nekhodi yedokhumenti esungulwe amazinga e-ESKD, abhalelwe igama lomkhiqizo ngaphandle kwesikhala, esinikezwe ngokuvumelana neThebula 3. I-GOST 2.102-2013 "Izinhlobo nokuphelela kwemibhalo yokuklama".
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| Umfanekiso wesi-3 - Ukuqokwa kwedokhumenti yokuklama okungeyona ingxenye enkulu |
Isibonelo, umdwebo wesekethe kagesi: FIASH.436234.610E3
Ukuqokwa kwezinguqulo zomkhiqizo namadokhumenti eqenjini kanye nendlela eyisisekelo yokwenza imibhalo yokuklama, inombolo ye-serial yenguqulo yengezwa ekuqokweni komkhiqizo ngokusebenzisa i-hyphen. Endleleni yeqembu yokwenza amadokhumenti, ukubulawa okukodwa kufanele kwamukelwe ngokwemibandela njengokuyinhloko. Umklamo onjalo kufanele ube negama eliyisisekelo kuphela ngaphandle kwenombolo ye-serial yomklamo, isibonelo ATsDR.436234.255. Kweminye imiklamo, inombolo ye-serial yomklamo ukusuka ku-01 kuya ku-98 yengezwa ekuqanjweni okuyisisekelo. Isibonelo: ATsDR.436234.255-05
Kuvunyelwe ukuqoka izinguqulo ngokungezwa kwezinombolo ze-serial ezinamadijithi amathathu ukusuka ku-001 kuye ku-999.
Ngohlu olukhulu lwemikhiqizo enezici ezijwayelekile zokuklama, kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa inombolo eyengeziwe yokuklama, ebhalwe ngechashazi futhi kufanele ibe inombolo enamadijithi amabili ngaphandle kuka-00. Isakhiwo sokuqokwa okunjalo. kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 4.
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| Umdwebo 4 - Ukusetshenziswa kwenombolo yokubulawa kanye nenombolo eyengeziwe yokubulawa |
Imiklamo esebenzisa inombolo eyengeziwe iqokwa phambi kwezimpawu eziguquguqukayo (izingubo, imingcele, ukuphambuka kwawo okuphezulu, izimo zokusebenza zezulu, ukucushwa okwengeziwe komkhiqizo ngezingxenye, njll.), okungenzeka kuyo yonke imiklamo.
Inombolo yokusebenza eyengeziwe kufanele kube inombolo enezinombolo ezimbili ngaphandle kuka-00. Inombolo noma idijithi yayo ngayinye ingabonisa isici esisodwa noma isethi yezici ezihlobene.
Izingxenye ezisanda kuthuthukiswa zale mikhiqizo ezincike ezicini ezifanayo ziqokwa kusetshenziswa inombolo yenguqulo eyengeziwe efanayo. Uma kunesidingo, izingxenye ezinjalo zingaqokwa ngaphandle kokusebenzisa inombolo eyengeziwe yokuklama.
Uma kunenombolo eyengeziwe, zonke izinguqulo kufanele zikhethwe kusetshenziswa inombolo ye-serial enezinombolo ezimbili zenguqulo ukusuka ku-01 ukuya ku-98.
Izinombolo zokubulala ezijwayelekile nezengeziwe zisethwa ngokuzimela.
Esigabeni sokuthuthukisa idizayini yokuqala, kunconywa ukuthi imibhalo yokuqala neyomklamo iqokwe ngokwalesi sakhiwo esilandelayo:
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| Fig.5 - Ukuqokwa kwemibhalo yokuklama okusalungiswa |
Uhlelo oluhlanganisiwe lwamadokhumenti ohlelo
Ukuqokwa kwezinhlelo nemibhalo yohlelo kwabelwa ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo .
Ukuqokwa kwezinhlelo nemibhalo kumele kube namaqembu abalingiswa ahlukaniswe amachashazi (ngemuva kwekhodi yezwe kanye nekhodi yenhlangano yonjiniyela), izikhala (ngemuva kwenombolo yokubuyekezwa kwedokhumenti kanye nekhodi yohlobo lwedokhumenti), kanye namakhonco (ngemuva kwenombolo yokubhalisa kanye nedokhumenti. inombolo yalolu hlobo).
Uhlelo lokubhalisa lokuqoka izinhlelo nemibhalo yohlelo luyasungulwa.
Njengangaphakathi ESKD, ku ESPD kubalulwe ukuthi ukuqokwa komkhiqizo ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuqokwa kwedokhumenti yohlelo lwawo - ukucaciswa.
Isakhiwo segama lohlelo kanye nedokhumenti yohlelo lwalo - imininingwane iboniswa kuMfanekiso 6.
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| Fig.6 – Uhlelo lokuqokwa kwesakhiwo |
Ikhodi yezwe inikezwa ngokwemiyalelo , kuyilapho ukukhetha kokufaka ikhodi (isiLatini, isiCyrillic noma ikhodi yedijithali) kwenziwa umthuthukisi ngokuhambisana nemithetho eyamukelwe yibhizinisi. Kuvumelekile ukusebenzisa ikhodi enezinhlamvu ezine noma ikhodi ye-OKPO njengekhodi yenhlangano kanjiniyela.
I-GOST 19.103 ithi inombolo yokubhalisa yohlelo kufanele inikezwe ngokuhambisana ne-All-Union Classifier of Programs, kodwa ayizange ishicilelwe, ngakho-ke ivunyelwe ukunikeza leyo khodi kusukela ku-00001 kuya ku-99999 ngokuhambisana nenqubo esungulwe inkampani ethuthukise uhlelo.
Kwezinye izimo, ukukhiqiza inombolo yokubhalisa yohlelo, i-classifier yesiRussia yonke yemikhiqizo ngohlobo lomsebenzi wezomnotho isetshenziswa .
Inombolo yomkhiqizo ye-edishini yohlelo kufanele ibe ngefomethi ukusuka ku-01 kuye ku-99.
Isibonelo segama lohlelo:
- uma usebenzisa ikhodi yonjiniyela enezinhlamvu ezine:
- ROF.ABVG.62.01.29-01
- 643.ABVG.62.01.29-01
- uma usebenzisa ikhodi ye-OKPO:
- ROF.98765432.62.01.29-01
- RU.98765432.62.01.29-01
- RUS.98765432.62.01.29-01
- 643.98765432.62.01.29-01
Isakhiwo sokuqokwa seminye imibhalo yohlelo sikhonjiswe kuMfanekiso 7:
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| Umfanekiso wesi-7 - Isakhiwo sokuqokwa kweminye imibhalo yohlelo |
Inombolo ye-serial yokubuyekezwa kwedokhumenti kufanele ibe nefomethi esuka ku-01 kuye ku-99. Ikhodi yohlobo lwedokhumenti yabelwe ngokuvumelana neThebula 4. . Uma kunesidingo, idokhumenti inikezwa inombolo yedokhumenti yalolu hlobo ngendlela ekhuphukayo isuka ku-01 iye ku-99, kanye nenombolo yengxenye yedokhumenti ngokunyuka kwe-oda isuka ku-1 iye ku-9.
Izibonelo zokuqokwa kwedokhumenti ethi “Imanuwali Yomsebenzi” (owesibili idokhumenti enjalo yalolu hlelo, ingxenye 3):
- РОФ.АБВГ.62.01.29-01 34 02-3
- 643.АБВГ.62.01.29-01 34 02-3
- РОФ.98765432.62.01.29-01 34 02-3
- RU.98765432.62.01.29-01 34 02-3
- RUS.98765432.62.01.29-01 34 02-3
- 643.98765432.62.01.29-01 34 02-3
Inguqulo yokugcina yesistimu yokuqokwa esetshenzisiwe yezinhlelo nemibhalo yohlelo kufanele inqunywe unjiniyela kumadokhumenti okulawula angaphakathi.
Isethi yezindinganiso zamasistimu azenzakalelayo
Ukwakhiwa kwenombolo ye-decemal yesistimu ezenzakalelayo kufanele kufunwe .
Ngokuhambisana ne-GOST, idokhumenti ngayinye ethuthukisiwe kufanele inikezwe igama elizimele. Idokhumenti ekhishwe kubathwali bedatha abahlukene kufanele ibe negama elifanayo. Incwadi ethi “M” yengezwa ekuqokweni kwemibhalo eyenziwe kumidiya yekhompyutha.
Isaziso sombhalo sinalesi sakhiwo esilandelayo:
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| Umfanekiso wesi-8 - Isakhiwo sokuqokwa kwemibhalo yezinhlelo ezizenzakalelayo |
Isakhiwo sokuqokwa kwesistimu ezenzakalelayo noma ingxenye yalo inefomu:
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| Umfanekiso 9 - Isakhiwo sokuqokwa kwesistimu ezenzakalelayo noma ingxenye yayo |
I-GOST ihlongoza ukukhetha ikhodi yenhlangano yonjiniyela ngokuhambisana ne-All-Union Classifier of Enterprises, Institutions and Organizations (OKPO) ngokuya ngemithetho esungulwe idokhumenti evamile kanye nezobuchwepheshe. Okwamanje, akuyona idokhumenti ye-All-Union ephelelwe yisikhathi okufanele isetshenziswe, kodwa i-classifier ye-Russian yonke - OKPO. Kuvunyelwe futhi ukusebenzisa ikhodi enezinhlamvu ezine evela ku-Federal State Unitary Enterprise "STANDARTINFORM" njengekhodi yenhlangano yonjiniyela.
Ikhodi yokuhlukanisa isistimu kufanele kukhethwe kuyo , ethathe indawo yesigaba somkhiqizo we-All-Union okukhulunywe ngaso ku-GOST 34.201-89, kanye ne-All-Russian Product classifier (OKP), eyakhanselwa ngoJanuwari 01, 2017.
Kudingekile ukucabangela ukuthi ikhodi yesici sokuhlukanisa kusuka ku-OKPD2 ingakhethwa ngegama lezinto ezizenzakalelayo, isibonelo: 26.51.43.120 - izinhlelo zolwazi zikagesi, izakhiwo zokulinganisa kanye ne-computing kanye nokufakwa kokulinganisa ubuningi bukagesi kanye nozibuthe (for isibonelo, ulwazi oluzenzakalelayo kanye nesistimu yokukala yemitha kagesi wezohwebo (AIIS KUE)), 70.22.17 - izinsizakalo zokuphatha inqubo yebhizinisi (BP ACS); 26.20.40.140 – amathuluzi okuvikela ulwazi, kanye nolwazi kanye nezinhlelo zokuxhumana ezivikelwe kusetshenziswa amathuluzi okuvikela ulwazi (izingosi ze-inthanethi zolwazi).
Futhi, i-GOST 34.201-89 ihlongoza ukusebenzisa isihlukanisi se-All-Union sezinhlelo ezingaphansi neziyinkimbinkimbi zemisebenzi yezinhlelo zokulawula ezizenzakalelayo (OKPKZ) ukuze kwabiwe isici esishiwo. Lesi sigaba sesiphelile ukusebenza e-Russian Federation, futhi akukho okunye okusenzelwe sona. Ngakho-ke, okwamanje ayikho enye indlela yokukhetha izici zokuhlukanisa zesistimu ezenzakalelayo ngokuya nge-OKPD2.
Inombolo yokubhalisa ye-serial yesistimu (ingxenye yesistimu) inikezwe isevisi yenhlangano yonjiniyela, enesibopho sokugcina inkomba yekhadi kanye nokuqoshwa kokurekhoda. Izinombolo zokubhalisa zinikezwa kusuka ku-001 kuya ku-999 ngekhodi yesici yokuhlukanisa ngayinye.
Ikhodi yedokhumenti iqukethe izinhlamvu ze-alphanumeric ezimbili futhi ihlukaniswa negama lesistimu ngechashazi. Ikhodi yamadokhumenti echazwe yileli zinga ifakwe ngokuhambisana nekholomu 3 yeThebula 2. Ikhodi yemibhalo eyengeziwe yenziwa kanje: uhlamvu lokuqala luyincwadi ekhombisa uhlobo lombhalo ngokweThebula 1, uhlamvu lwesibili inombolo noma incwadi ekhombisa inombolo ye-serial yedokhumenti yalolu hlobo.
Izikhundla ezisele zifakiwe ekuqokweni kwedokhumenti uma kunesidingo.
Izinombolo zochungechunge zamadokhumenti egama elilodwa (izinhlamvu ezi-2) zinikezwa kusukela kwesibili futhi zihlukaniswe nechashazi ekuqokweni kwangaphambilini.
Inombolo yokubuyekeza idokhumenti yabelwe kusukela kweyesibili ngokulandelana okunyukayo ukusuka ku-2 kuye ku-9, futhi ihlukaniswa nenani langaphambilini ngechashazi. Inombolo ye-edishini elandelayo inikezwa ezimeni lapho uhlelo lwangaphambilini lugcinwa khona (hhayi lukhanseliwe).
Inombolo yengxenye yedokhumenti ihlukaniswa negama langaphambilini ngekhonco. Uma idokhumenti iqukethe ingxenye eyodwa, khona-ke i-hyphen ayifakiwe futhi inombolo yengxenye yedokhumenti ayabelwe.
Isibaluli sedokhumenti ekhishwe kumidiya yekhompiyutha siyafakwa uma kunesidingo. Uhlamvu “M” luhlukaniswa nechashazi ekuqanjweni kwangaphambilini.
Ngakho-ke, igama elithi AIIS KUE lingabukeka kanje:
- 98765432.26.51.43.120.012
- ABVG.26.51.43.120.012
Isibonelo sokuqokwa kwedokhumenti ethi "Imiyalo Yezobuchwepheshe" (idokhumenti yesithathu yalolu hlobo, uhlelo lwesibili, ingxenye 5, eyenziwe ngefomu le-elekthronikhi):
- 98765432.26.51.43.120.012.I2.03.02.05M
- ABVG.26.51.43.120.012.I2.03.02.05M
Umdwebo wesakhiwo wenhlanganisela yezindlela zobuchwepheshe (okuwukuphela kwedokhumenti yalolu hlobo njengengxenye yephrojekthi, okuwukuphela kohlelo, engxenyeni eyodwa, eshicilelwe ephepheni):
- 98765432.26.51.43.120.012.S1
- ABVG.26.51.43.120.012.S1
isiphetho
Kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa isistimu yokuhlonza ehlukile eyamukelwa enhlanganweni ekhulayo. Kodwa kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ngaphandle kwezincazelo ezikhethekile lesi simiso ngeke siqonde kunoma ubani. Uhlelo oluchaziwe lokunikeza amagama emikhiqizweni namadokhumenti ngokuya ngamazinga lungachazwa yinoma yimuphi uchwepheshe (umklami, umthuthukisi, umklami).
Imithombo elandelayo iphinde yasetshenziswa lapho kubhalwa lesi sihloko:
Source: www.habr.com