Yonke imiklamo yesimanje - iwebhu, i-typography, umkhiqizo, idizayini enyakazayo -
kuyathakazelisa ngoba kuhlanganisa imiqondo yakudala yombala nokwakheka nokukhathazeka ngokusebenziseka kalula.
Udinga futhi ukwazi ukudweba izithonjana, ukuthola ukuthi ungazibonisa kanjani izenzo noma ukuchaza ukusebenza ezithombeni ezibonakalayo, futhi uhlale ucabanga ngabasebenzisi. Uma udweba ilogo noma udala ubuwena, kufanele udlulisele ifilosofi, isimo sengqondo somkhiqizo, imizwa, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ubale ukuthi abathengi bazowubheka kanjani umkhiqizo, ucabange ukuthi bazowusebenzisa kanjani.
Ngakho-ke, abaklami abavela ekuqaleni kwawo-XNUMX babehluke ngokuphelele. Manje umklami useyisosha lomhlaba wonke. Umuntu ongangena kukho kokubili idizayini yedijithali neye-typographic. Ingenza iwebhu, izinhlelo zokusebenza, nokugqwayiza. USergey Chirkov, uthisha, wasitshela okwengeziwe ngalo msebenzi kanye nomsunguli we-CHYRKOV studio.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zabaklami ezikhona futhi benzani?
Umklami we-UI udweba izici zokusebenzelana futhi unendaba kakhulu nobuhle. Umsebenzi wakhe ukudala amaphrojekthi okuzojabulisa ukuwasebenzisa.
Umklami we-UX wenza isiqiniseko sokuthi ubuhle abuyi ngezindleko zokusebenziseka kalula nokusebenza. Ucabanga kalula futhi aqondise umsebenzi wabanye abaklami kulokhu, ngakho-ke kufanele aqonde ukuthi benza kanjani futhi kungani benza izinqumo zabo.
Umklami womkhiqizo ngumuntu ongakwazi ukudweba nokuklama kuphela, kodwa futhi akhe wonke umqondo womsebenzi. Uyawaqonda futhi afunde amamethrikhi, ewabuka, abone ukuthi yini engathuthukiswa. Isibonelo, ukuthi abantu bakuthola kunzima ukusebenzisa i-interface, abafinyeleli imigomo yebhizinisi. Ngokusekelwe kumamethrikhi, uyaqonda ukuthi yini okudingeka ishintshwe nokuthi ingenziwa kuphi futhi kanjani. Okusho ukuthi, inendlela ebanzi yomkhiqizo.
Yini umklami okufanele akwazi ukuyenza
Ngathola imfundo yobuciko eNew York, ngafunda ukudweba, ukudweba nokuqopha. Konke bekuyi-analog, kungekho idijithali. Futhi manje, lapho ngifundisa isifundo sombala, ngithi: "Mane uthenge i-gouache futhi udlale ngayo, hlanganisa opende ngezandla zakho." Kimina kubonakala akulungile ngokuphelele ukuthi umklami asebenze ngegundane kuphela. Ngicabanga ukuthi kufanele akwazi ukwenza okuthile ngezandla zakhe, enze imidwebo ngezandla zakhe, bese kuphela adlulele kudijithali. Lokhu kuthuthukisa kakhulu ubuchopho kanye namakhono amahle emisipha; ukuphonsa okuthile kuyashesha futhi kulula kunegundane. Awulungisi ubuchwepheshe, awucabangi ukuthi ungachofoza kuphi.
Lapho ngiqala ukwenza ukwakheka kwewebhu, kwakungekho Sketch noma i-Figma. Konke kwenziwa ku-Photoshop, futhi kwakuyisihogo sesihogo - i-PSD ehlukile kwakudingeka idonswe ekhasini ngalinye, futhi uma isayithi linamakhasi angamashumi amabili, umphumela wawungamafayela angamashumi amabili we-PSD angakala i-gigabyte. Bese kuthi iklayenti lithi: "Uyazi, angiwuthandi lo mbala," futhi kufanele ushintshe umbala ku-PSD ngayinye. Kuthathe ithani lesikhathi, yonke into ithatha isikhathi eside ukulayisha, inqwaba yezendlalelo - kuyiphupho elibi. Kwabe sekuvela umdwebo. Kufana nokuhamba ngezinyawo njalo bese uthenga imoto. Umdwebo usuvele ufana nefoni ephathekayo, awukwazi ukucabanga impilo ngaphandle kwayo.
Kodwa ngicabanga ukuthi udinga ukwazi izisekelo. I-Photoshop, i-Illustrator, i-After Effects iyadingeka. Isigaba esilandelayo yi-Sketch and Figma - ukwazi into eyodwa kwanele. Asikho isidingo sokufunda i-XD - wuhlelo olungathandwa kakhulu. Udedelwe ngemuva kweSketch njengempendulo yabo. Ekuqaleni baqopha ama-artboards ku-Photoshop, kodwa kwaba kubi kakhulu, base bekhipha uhlelo oluhlukile, kodwa namanje alusebenzi kahle, futhi bambalwa abantu abalusebenzisayo.
Ngingancoma izinhlelo zokufunda ezifana ne-PowerPoint ne-Keynote. Emsebenzini wami kufanele ngenze izethulo eziningi kumakhasimende, amakhasimende kanye neqembu. Udinga ukwazi i-html eyisisekelo, i-css, amakhono we-js ukuze uqonde ukuthi isayithi lizokwakhiwa kanjani. Uma wenza igobolondo kuphela, ungazi ukuthi lisebenza kanjani ngaphakathi, ungaqhamuka nento engasoze yadalwa. Kufanele wazi imiqondo eyisisekelo ye-frontend. Ngokuvamile udinga ukuqeda ngokushesha okuthile noma ukulungise ngokwakho - futhi lokhu sekungenye yezidingo zemakethe.
Futhi ukuze uthuthuke ngokwe-UI/UX udinga ukubhekwa okuphezulu. Udinga ukuqaqa zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza ohlangana nazo, uzifunde, uzibhale phansi, unake ukuthi zisebenza kanjani, kungani zenziwa ngaleyo ndlela. Cabangela wonke ama-nuances angenzeka - ukuthi umsebenzisi uzoyisebenzisa kanjani, kwesokudla noma kwesokunxele. Kuyoba yisiphi isandla - sowesifazane noma owesilisa? Kungaphansi kwaziphi izimo lapho abantu bazosebenzisa isicelo kaningi? Okungukuthi, ukuthuthukisa ukucabanga kokuhlaziya.
Ungawufuna kanjani umsebenzi
Iphothifoliyo ibaluleke kakhulu kule ndawo. Ungakwazi kuphela ukusebenza njenge-freelancer, vele ubonise iphothifoliyo yakho, isibonelo, "Bheka, ngenze iwebhusayithi ye-Coca-Cola" - futhi yonke into icacile ngokushesha, ungayiyisa ezingeni elibucayi. Phakathi nesifundo, sakha ikhasi lokufika, futhi abafundi bawathumele ngokushesha ku-Behance futhi balibonise lapho befuna umsebenzi.
Ekuqaleni, lapho kungekho amaphrojekthi, into ebanda kunazo zonke ukudala imiqondo yamawebhusayithi noma izinhlelo zokusebenza. Lena indlela engcono kakhulu yokwakha amakhono akho kanye nephothifoliyo. Ungenza izinto ezincane ezahlukahlukene njenge-freelancer. Amaphrojekthi ahlukahlukene ahlala ekhishwa ngokuhwebelana, uyaphendula, uxoxisane neklayenti futhi uwasebenzise.
Uma uxoxisana ngomsebenzi ongapheli, ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka ukuthi iphothifoliyo enkulu ayikuniki ngokuzenzakalelayo indawo eqenjini. Lapho sebevele badinga inani lamakhono athile avela kuwe. Njengakuyo yonke indawo, babheka amakhono akho athambile futhi aqinile. Ngokuvamile isici somuntu siqu sibalulekile lapha, noma ngabe wena nethimba lakho nifanisa isimo somunye nomunye, abalingisi, umbono nokunambitha.
Uma umuntu ekhethe lo msebenzi futhi ewuthanda, kufanele aqonde ukuthi akuzona zonke izinto ezisebenza ngokushesha. Kuzodingeka kudlule isikhathi esithile, sidinga ukugcwalisa ama-bumps, bese konke kuzolunga. Imvamisa abantu bakubheka njengokuthile okugxekayo - njengokuthile komuntu siqu, futhi bazivikele ngemishwana efana nokuthi “Ngiyiciko, yindlela engiyibona ngayo,” kodwa ukugxeka kuyikhono elibaluleke kakhulu, ngeshwa, akubona bonke abanalo. Ekubambisaneni, uhlale welulekwa ukuthi wenze okuthile. Mhlawumbe uzakwethu wazi okwengeziwe futhi uke waba nokuhlangenwe nakho okufanayo. Kungcono ukubonisana naye futhi uqaphele.
Kaningi, abaklami benza i-resume engafundile. Bafuna ukuba umklami wewebhu, kodwa bathumela iphothifoliyo enemidwebo nezithombe. Yenza okungenani iwebhusayithi eyodwa, uyidwebe, uyikopishe. Zisithumelela ukuqalisa kabusha okumibalabala, futhi zibonisa inqubekelaphambili, isibonelo, “Ngiyazi u-95% we-Photoshop.” Ngicela, ungichazele ngaziphi izimo? Imuphi lo 5% ongawazi?
Ngicabanga ukuthi into esemqoka engingayibheka yiphothifoliyo kanye nengxoxo evamile yenhlolokhono. Ngisuse ingxenye yabancane ngesikhathi somsebenzi wokuhlola, ngoba abaningi bavilapha kakhulu ukwenza okuthile futhi batshale lesi sikhathi ekusaseni labo. Kodwa imisebenzi yokuhlola iyadingeka ngisho noma umncane enephothifoliyo. Umqashi akazi ukuthi bangaki abantu abasebenze kulo msebenzi. Angenza inkinobho eyodwa lapho, futhi konke okunye kwasungulwa ngabanye abantu eqenjini.
Ungabuka kubaklami futhi ubhalisele iphephandaba ukuze uthole abasha.
Iyiphi imali okufanele uyilindele?
EMoscow, abaklami be-intern bathola izinkulungwane ezingama-20-40. Abantu abaningi baze benze ama-internship mahhala. Umholo owanele womklami wokuqala eMoscow usuka ku-60 kuya ku-80 ayizinkulungwane. Izinga elijwayelekile lingathembela ku-100 ayizinkulungwane, umsayini kanye nomqondisi wezobuciko bathola kusuka ku-120 ayizinkulungwane.
Ngokusho kwe-My Circle salary calculator, iholo elimaphakathi lomklami lingaphansi kancane kune .
Uma kukhulunywa nge-UI/UX, iziteki ziyakhuphuka. I-Junior iqala kusukela ku-60 izinkulungwane, phakathi - kusukela ku-120, ephezulu - kusukela ku-160 kuya ku-180. Futhi umqondisi wezobuciko - lokhu kuyi-ruble eyizinkulungwane ezingu-200 nangaphezulu.
Abaklami bezithombe bathathwa njengabakhokhelwa kancane. Bathola kusuka ezinkulungwaneni ezingama-50 kuye kweziyi-100.
Uzothuthuka kanjani umsebenzi wakho
Uma usemncane, uhlala ungaphansi kokulawulwa abaklami abaphezulu. Ungumsizi wabo. Njengangaphambili, abasizi baqedele isizinda kanye nemininingwane eyahlukene yeciko eliyinhloko, ngakho-ke isilapha. Esigabeni sokuqala, awudingeki ukuthi wenze izixazululo ezinhle kakhulu zokudala. Kunomsebenzi wezandla owengeziwe ohilelekile. Lokhu kudinga ulwazi oluyisisekelo lokuqamba, i-Photoshop, i-illustrator ne-Figma/Sketch, umbala, ukuqonda ivolumu, amathrendi, yini efunekayo manje.
Lapho udlulela ezingeni elilandelayo, uzodingeka ukuthi ube namakhono engeziwe ekucabangeni, ekuklameni, nasekusesheni imibono. Umehluko phakathi kwabadala nabancane ukuzimela kwabo. Inguquko yokuqala iye ezingeni eliphezulu ingase yenzeke phakathi nonyaka. Ukuze ube yinkosi, ngicabanga ukuthi kuzothatha iminyaka emithathu. Angeke ube ngumqondisi wezobuciko kuze kube yilapho ususebenze okungenani iminyaka emihlanu.
Emsebenzini wami (ngiphinde ngiwuMqondisi Wokudala kwa-Intourist Thomas Cook) ngisebenzisana kakhulu nehhovisi laseLondon. Abaqondisi babo abanamuntu ongaphansi kweminyaka engama-40-50 ubudala. E-Russia, ungaba kalula umqondisi wezobuciko ngaphambi kokuba ube neminyaka engamashumi amathathu. Ngesikhathi ngethula isitudiyo sami, ngangingakafiki eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu. ENtshonalanga lokhu ngokuvamile akunangqondo. Lapho, umuntu kufanele asebenze ngendlela yakhe yonke iminyaka eyishumi ukuze abe umsayini futhi kuphela ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu afinyelele umqondisi wezobuciko.
Imakethe yakhona indala kakhulu. Imakethe yokukhangisa yayivele ikhona lapho ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, kodwa ezweni lethu yabonakala kuphela kuma-90s. Futhi manje sinochwepheshe abancane kakhulu.
Futhi lapha akuyona indaba yobudala bezinto eziphilayo, kodwa ubude nolwazi. Bakholelwa ngokuqinile ukuthi umuntu akakwazi ukudlula amareki amaningi ngonyaka njengasemihlanu. Ngalo mqondo, sinenhlanhla eyengeziwe. E-Russia, abantu abasha banamathuba amaningi okukhuphuka izinga lomsebenzi ngokushesha kunaphesheya.
Indlela yokukhetha phakathi kokuhle nokulungile
Sibe nephrojekthi ethokozisayo yokwakha umazisi womtholampilo obhekene nokususwa kwama-tattoo. Sibone ngeso lengqondo isitayela sebhayisikili esinezingebhezi. Baqala ukwenza ucwaningo, babonisa izinketho, izinhlelo zemibala futhi abazange bafinyelele izethameli ezihlosiwe nhlobo. Kwavela ukuthi abantu bafuna into ehluke ngokuphelele. Abafuni imibala emnyama nezingebhezi, bafuna i-minimalism emsulwa. Abaculi be-tattoo baqhubekela esigabeni esiphambili. Hhayi nje izitudiyo ezingaphansi kwendlu lapho abantu beminyene khona ezimeni ezimbi kakhulu. Bafuna ukufana nemitholampilo, ukuze yonke into ihlanzeke ngokuphelele, yonke into imhlophe. Lokhu kwakungavamile kithi.
Umqondo "omuhle" uyavumelana nezimo. Okokuqala, into eyodwa inhle, okwesibili, enye. Uma uya esitolo esivamile, ubheka ukupakishwa - cishe yonke into i-tacky futhi ikhanya. Kepha uma uthatha imikhiqizo ye-niche, izohlakanipha, icoceke kakhulu. Le nkinga ivame ukuvela ngekhasimende. Bafuna ukubona okuthile okungokwabo, sinikeza esinye isixazululo, okuthi ngokubuka kwethu kochwepheshe sikubheke kangcono. Kufanele sibe nengxoxo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukala izikhathi eziningi lapho kubonakala sengathi kuzosebenza. Sicabanga kanjalo ngenxa yezimfanelo zethu zobungcweti, kodwa kumsebenzisi kubonakala kungamukelekile. Ukuhlola nezithameli ezibukhoma kubaluleke kakhulu.
Senzela abantu umkhiqizo, hhayi thina uqobo, ngakho-ke ngicabanga ukuthi kulungile ukuthatha amamethrikhi njengesisekelo. Uma ukuhlaziywa kubonise iziphetho eziphambene nemibono yakho, khona-ke udinga ukuzithatha njengesisekelo. Siphila emhlabeni oqhudelana kakhulu, onenani elikhulu lemikhiqizo emakethe. Isinqumo esiyingozi singase sibe ukwehluleka, futhi akekho oyodinga izifiso zethu. Kodwa, kunjalo, ngingasebenzisa okuthile komuntu siqu, ngisho nokugxila kumamethrikhi. Lokhu kusinika ithuba lokuguqula umhlaba ube ngcono.
Source: www.habr.com