Imicimbi ebaluleke kakhulu yango-2019

Ukukhethwa kokugcina kwemicimbi ebaluleke kakhulu nephawulekayo yango-2019:

• URichard Stallman kwesokunxele isikhundla sikamongameli we-Open Source Foundation.
• Inkampani ye-IBM amuncwa Isigqoko Esibomvu.
• Ukumisa I-WebAssembly. Ukuphromotha I-WebAssembly njengenkundla yokusetshenziswa kwendawo yonke. WASI ngokusebenzisa i-WebAssembly ngaphandle kwesiphequluli. Kanambambili ukusheshisa ukulayisha kwe-JavaScript.
• IBM, Google, Microsoft kanye ne-Intel kwakheka umfelandawonye wokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obuvulekile bokuvikela idatha.
• Izinhlangano ze-W3C kanye ne-WHATWG bavumile thuthukisa imininingwane ye-HTML ne-DOM evamile.
• Buyela odabeni lokusekela izinhlelo eziningi ze-init ku-Debian kanye ebambe ivoti elijwayelekile kumasistimu e-init ngesi-Debian.
• Microsoft eshicilelwe ukucaciswa komphakathi nokwenza amalungelo obunikazi e-exFAT atholakale ukuze asetshenziswe mahhala ku-Linux. Inkampani ye-Paragon Software kuvulwe ikhodi yakho yomshayeli we-exFAT.
• Python и Firefox kushintshelwe kumjikelezo wokukhiqiza okusha.
• Ukusetshenziswa kosekelo lwe-DNS-over-HTTPS ku Firefox и Chrome (inhlangano yabahlinzeki wakhuluma vs DoH).
• Usekelo lwe-HTTP/3 Chrome и Firefox, ukuqeqeshwa imojula enokwesekwa kwe-HTTP/3 ye-nginx.
• I-Chrome neFirefox zishintshela emakhasini okumaka avulwe nge-HTTP ngesibonisi sokuxhumana esingavikelekile.
• I-Firefox: Isigameko nazo zonke izengezo zeFirefox zikhutshaziwe ngenxa yokuphelelwa yisikhathi kwesitifiketi seMozilla. Nika amandla ukuvinjwa kwe-tracker ngokuzenzakalelayo kuFirefox. Ukuthuthukiswa kwesiphequluli seselula esisha Ukubuka kuqala kweFirefox.
  Ukuvuselelwa sebenzela ukuhlanganisa ukwesekwa kweTor kuFirefox. Kuqediwe sebenzela ekukhipheni izingxenye ze-XBL (XML Binding Language) kuFirefox; izixhumi ezibonakalayo eziningi ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ziklanywe kabusha (izitifiketi zokubuka, ibha yekheli, mayelana ne-:config, njll.). Kwethulwa Firefox Thumela isevisi. Goqa Hlola Uhlelo Lokuhlola kanye nesevisi Yezithombe-skrini zeFirefox.
  ukwehluleka I-Mozilla ekusebenziseni imikhawulo ethile evela ku-manifesto entsha ye-Chrome.

• I-Chrome: Ukuphromotha uhlelo lwesithathu lwe-manifesto, akuhambisani nge-uBlock Origin. Iyavula blocker yokukhangisa okungalungile. Ukuxhuma I-Flash. Yeka ukubonisa okuthi “https://” kanye “www.” kubha yekheli. Ukuphromotha I-SXG ne-AMP yokuletha amakhophi aqinisekisiwe wamakhasi ewebhu asuka kwamanye amasayithi. Thola ukuhlukaniswa phakathi kwamasayithi. Ukuqiniswa imithetho yokuthumela izengezo eSitolo Sewebhu Se-Chrome.
• I-TLS: I-Mozilla, i-Cloudflare ne-Facebook kuphakanyisiwe Isandiso se-TLS sokudluliselwa kwezitifiketi zesikhashana. Iphrothokholi ye-ACME eyakhiwe iphrojekthi ethi Masibethele kuvunyelwe njengezinga le-inthanethi.
• KDE и I-Mozilla kushintshelwe ku-Matrix ukuze kuxhumane nonjiniyela. I-GTK esikhundleni sohlu lwamakheli uya ngaphesheya endaweni yengxoxo.
• Izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha: Ukutholwa microarchitecture MIPS R6 (MIPS Open). Inkampani ye-IBM kuvulwe Isakhiwo seprosesa yamandla. I-Western Digital yethule iphrosesa ye-WD SweRV RISC-V. Intel kuyaqala vula i-firmware ye-ModernFW. Google kuyaqala I-OpenTitan, inkundla yokudala ama-chips athembekile. I-Google, i-SiFive ne-WD yasungulwa umfelandawonye wokukhuthaza ama-chips avulekile nama-SoCs.
• Amalungelo obunikazi: I-Patent Faka isicelo ngokumelene I-GNOME Foundation. Isinyathelo sokuqala ekuvikeleni isofthiwe yomthombo ovulekile kuma-patent troll. Umzamo ukwakheka i-patent pool yokuqoqa izimali zokukhokha ukuze kusetshenziswe amakhodekhi e-AV1 kanye ne-VP9.
• Icala: Ukuvuselelwa icala phakathi kwe-Google ne-Oracle elihlobene ne-Java ne-Android. icala vs Adblock Plus. Ukunqoba I-VMware ecaleni lokwephulwa kwe-GPL. I-Rambler ememezelwe amalungelo akho ku Nginx.
• Izingxabano: Isistimu ku-Debian wahlala ngaphandle komnakekeli. Ukunqanyulwa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-dstat. Susa Iphakethe leGem njengophawu lokubhikisha. Ukuvala ukufinyelela kumakhosombe kaJonathon F. PPA. Isikhalazo Ungayishintshi itimu ye-GTK ekusatshalalisweni. Abanakekeli Bephrojekthi ye-GNU wakhuluma ngokumelene nobuholi obubodwa bukaStallman.
• Amalayisense: I-CockroachDB DBMS uya ngaphesheya ukuthola ilayisensi yobunikazi. I-Oracle izinguquko ilayisensi yokwakhiwa kwe-Java SE. Inkampani yeRedis Labs kuhunyushwe amamojula asuka ku-Commons Clause kuya kweyawo ilayisensi engeyona yamahhala. Ilayisensi esetshenziswa iphrojekthi ye-MongoDB yi-SSPL kuqashelwe ayivumelekile ku-Fedora Linux. Ilayisensi ye-CUPS isishintshile isuka ku-GPLv2 ne-LGPLv2 yaya ku-Apache 2.0. Umpheki waba iphrojekthi evuleke ngokuphelele.
• Izimfoloko ezintsha: Ukubheka - Imfoloko ye-GIMP, I-Glaber - Imfoloko ye-Zabbix, hhayi mail - imfoloko ye-qmail.
• Ingqalasizinda yenethiwekhi: RIPE kuqokiwe ibhulokhi yokugcina yamahhala ye-IPv4. Izinyathelo Usuku lwefulegi le-DNS 2019 on ukuqedwa ukwesekwa kokuqaliswa kwe-DNS okuyinkinga kanye Usuku lwefulegi le-DNS 2020 ukuxazulula izinkinga ngokuhlukaniswa kwe-IP lapho ucubungula imilayezo emikhulu ye-DNS.
  Facebook kuvulwe inkundla yokuthunyelwa ngokushesha kwamanethiwekhi e-LTE. Ukuvuza komzila we-BGP kulethwa ekuphazamisekeni okukhulu kokuxhumana ku-inthanethi.

• I-Microsoft Open Initiatives: Uhlelo mimalloc memory allocation, subsystem I-WSL2 с ilungisiwe I-Linux kernel ubunye Izinkundla ze-NET 5 ezisekelwa i-Linux ne-Android, Ikhithi Yokuthuthukiswa Kwe-Quantum ukuze kuthuthukiswe i-quantum algorithms, C++ umtapo wolwazi ojwayelekile, umsamo I-NET Core 3.0 nge-WinUI kanye ne-Windows Forms. Microsoft ujoyinile ekuthuthukisweni kwe-OpenJDK. Isiphequluli seMicrosoft Edge kuyoba isekela i-Linux.
• Ukufunda ngomshini: I-Spleeter ukuhlukanisa umculo nezwi.
  I-Mozilla kuyaqala uhlelo lomshini wokuhumusha. Microsoft kuvulwe Ilabhulali yokufunda yomshini ye-SPTAG. Ukusebenzisana izithombe ezinyakazayo zisebenzisa amanethiwekhi e-neural. Khulula I-TensorFlow 2.0. I-CodeSearchNet ukusesha nokuhlaziya ikhodi. I-NVIDIA SPADE (I-GauGAN) yokuhlanganiswa kwezindawo kusuka kumidwebo. IsitayelaGAN ukukhiqiza ubuso.

• Ikhodi yephrojekthi ivuliwe: I-Google ivuliwe Ibhokisi lesihlabathi ukudala izindawo ze-sandbox, ClusterFuzz ukukhomba amaphutha kanye I-Adiantum ukubethela kwesitoreji esisheshayo. I-Cloudflare eshicilelwe kwasabalalisa inombolo generator. I-Netflix kuvulwe ikhodi yendawo yekhompyutha esebenzisanayo I-Polynote. Intel eshicilelwe umtapo wolwazi wokunciphisa umsindo nokuhlunga izithombe.
  Facebook kuvulwe Ikhodi yenjini ye-Hermes JavaScript. Kwavulwa iBMW uhlelo ukunikezwa okusabalalisiwe kwe-RAMSES. I-Amazon ilungisiwe uhlelo oluvulekile lwe-Elasticsearch. I-OpenDrop - ukuqaliswa okuvulekile kwe-Apple AirDrop. Ivulekile ikhodi yezimboni CRM/BPM/ERP uhlelo BGERP. I-NSA kushicilelwe I-Ghidra reverse engineering toolkit. Umtapo wolwazi we-Cryptographic I-EverCrypt.

• Izilimi zokuhlela: Perl 6 iqanjwe kabusha e-Raku. Izilimi ezintsha V, Ukugeleza9,
  P++ (ulimi lwe-PHP oluthayiphiwe ngokuqinile).

  I-Nim 1.0. I-GCC 9. Python 3.8. I-LLVM 8/9. I-Java SE 12/13. Jakarta EE. Hambani 1.12/1.13
  I-PHP 7.4.Perl 5.30.

• Izingxenye zesistimu: systemd 241, 242, 243, 244. systemd-homed ukuphatha uhla lwemibhalo lwasekhaya oluphathekayo. Glibc 2.29/2.30.
• Ukwenza okubonakalayo neziqukathi: I-Hypervisor NVMM kusuka kuphrojekthi ye-NetBSD. Ama-hypervisors I-Intel Cloud Hypervisor ne-Amazon Firecracker ebhalwe ku-Rust. Ukusabalalisa I-ClonOS yokufaka ingqalasizinda yeseva ebonakalayo esekelwe ku-FreeBSD. I-Linux 5.3 kernel ihlanganisa i-hypervisor I-ACRN. IHermiTux - i-unikernel, kanambambili iyahambisana ne-Linux.
• I-BSD: Ukwehlukana FreeBSD base system ibe amaphakheji. Ukuhumusha I-FreeBSD ku- "ZFS ku-Linux". Susa I-GCC evela kumongo we-FreeBSD. I-FreeBSD 12.1. Ukusabalalisa okusha I-FuryBSD и I-SecBSD. I-Hyperbola guqula kwimfoloko ye-OpenBSD. I-OpenBSD 6.5/6.6. Ukufometha izibuyekezo zephakheji zegatsha elizinzile le-OpenBSD. I-Git iyahambisana Inesistimu yokulawula inguqulo kusuka ku-OpenBSD.

  I-DragonFly BSD 5.6.

• Ukusabalalisa: I-Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.0 (8.1). I-Debian 10. I-Fedora 30/31. Ubuntu 19.04/19.10.

  Inguqulo ebuyekeziwe ngokuqhubekayo Ukusakaza kweCentOS. Iphrojekthi ye-ELISA ekuthuthukiseni indawo ye-Linux yezinhlelo ezithembeke kakhulu. I-Trident uya ngaphesheya kusuka ohlelweni lwe-BSD TrueOS kuya ku-Void Linux. Ukuvala Iphrojekthi ye-Russian Fedora. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Scientific Linux 8 igoqwe esivuna i-CentOS.
  Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Fedora Atomic Host iyekisiwe ngokuvuna iphrojekthi I-Fedora CoreOS. Ukunqanyulwa ukusekelwa kwezinhlelo ze-32-bit x86 ku-Ubuntu.

• Izinkundla zamaselula: I-webOS Open Source Edition 2, I-Android 10, UzaloOS 16, I-EdgeX 1.0.
  Okokuqala iqoqo le-smartphone ye-Librem 5 kanye nokulungiswa kwe-smartphone ye-PinePhone. Hlanganisa vula iphrojekthi i-Mer kanye ne-OS Sailfish yokuphathelene. Inkundla I-Mozilla WebThings.

• I-DBMS: I-PostgreSQL 12, UMariaDB 10.4. Ivulekile Ikhodi ye-VictoriaMetrics DBMS. I-BlazingSQL, esebenzisa i-GPU ukusheshisa. Dqlite, okuhlukile okusabalalisiwe kwe-SQLite.
• Indawo yangokwezifiso nemifanekiso: I-GTK+ iqanjwe kabusha kwe GTK. I-Xfce 4.14,KDE 5.15/5.16/5.17, GNOME 3.32/3.34. I-LXQt 0.14. MATE 1.22.

  I-Wayland 1.17, I-Weston 7.0.
  I-Red Hat kuhlose yeka ukuthuthukisa iseva ye-X.Org. Inhlanganisela entsha ye-shader ye-AMD GPUs evela kuValve. I-AMD kuvulwe Uhlaka lwe-Caudron lwe-prototyping esheshayo yezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-3D. I-Blender 2.80. I-Xrdesktop ngokusebenzisa i-GNOME ne-KDE kumahedisethi wangempela wangempela.

• Ama-codecs: Intel kuvulwe Isifaki khodi sevidiyo ye-AV1 elungiselelwe ukudlulisa amakhodi endizeni. I-Xiph ne-Mozilla thuthukisa rav1e, isifaki khodi se-AV1 ku-Rust.
  -Google kuvulwe libgav1, idekhoda yefomethi ye-AV1. I-VideoLAN ne-FFmpeg thuthukisa Idekhoda ye-AV1 dav1d.

• Izithuthukisi ze-Linux kernel: 5.0, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4.
  Training Izishayeli ze-USB 4.0, intuthuko uhlaka lokubhala abashayeli abavikelekile ku-Rust kanye Ukutholwa egatsheni lokuhlola le-VPN WireGuard. Idlulisela amasistimu angaphansi ku-Android (iphrojekthi ekusebenziseni okujwayelekile (ngaphandle kokuguqulwa) i-Linux kernel ku-Android).

  Izinguquko ezinkulu ku-kernel: indlela yokubethela yesistimu yefayela I-Adiantum, uhlelo lwefayela le-BinderFS, izibambi zokukhiya i-seccomp endaweni yomsebenzisi, umbuso I-ext4 isebenza ngendlela enganaki,

  I-interface ye-io_uring i-asynchronous I/O, ikhono lokusebenzisa i-NVDIMM njenge-RAM, ukusekelwa kokuqapha okungalawuleki kwezinhlelo zefayela ezinkulu kakhulu nge- fanotify, ikhono lokumisa amazinga okucindezela e-Zstd ku-Btrfs, isibambi esisha se-cpuidle TEO, ukuqaliswa kwezingcingo zesistimu ukuxazulula inkinga ka-2038, ikhono lokuqalisa kusuka kumadivayisi wedivayisi -mapper ngaphandle kwe-initramfs, i-SafeSetID LSM module, ukusekelwa kwama-patches abukhoma ahlanganisiwe,

  abashayeli be-GPU Mali 4xx/ 6xx/7xx, idivayisi-mapper module dm-dust, Sound Open Firmware support for DSP, BFQ performance optimization, PSI (Pressure Stall Information) subsystem,

  ukusekelwa kwe-Intel Speed ​​​​Khetha ubuchwepheshe bokuphatha amandla, pidfd_open system call, amandla okusebenzisa amakheli e-IPv4 asuka ku-subnet engu-0.0.0.0/8, ukusheshiswa kwehardware ye-nfttables, ukusekelwa kwe-HDR kusistimu engaphansi ye-DRM, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-hypervisor ye-ACRN,

  umshayeli we-exFAT wokuhlola, imodi "i-lockdown"ukukhawulela ukufinyelela komsebenzisi wezimpande ku-kernel, indlela ye-fs-verity yokuqapha ubuqotho befayela, ikhono lokusebenzisa i-CIFS ye-root partition, i-iocost input/output controller, i-EROFS FS, i-dm-clone module yokuphindaphinda amadivayisi angaphandle, ama-virtiofs FS yokuthekelisa uhla lwemibhalo ezinhlelweni zezivakashi, ukusekelwa kwe-AMD Navi 12/14, AMD Arcturus, AMD Renoir, Intel Tiger Lake kanye ne-Zhaoxi GPUs.

• Ama-Hacks: Matrix, https://www.opennet.ru/opennews/art.shtml?num=50673 Picreel and Alpaca Forms, I-Stack Ukuchichima, Pale Moon, Umama, HackerOne, I-Webmin, NASA, ukucekelwa phansi kwempahla kuwebhusayithi kaStallman.
• Umsebenzi omubi kumakhosombe nakunkhombandlela:
  I-Docker Hub Hack. Ukugenca I-PHP repository PEAR nokuguqulwa komphathi wephakheji.
  Izengezo ezinonya Inkomba ye-Mozilla, -Google Play.
  Ukuhlasela i-ransomware enonya yamakhosombe we-Git ku-GitHub, GitLab kanye nezinsizakalo ze-Bitbucket. Ukugenca Amakhosombe eCanonical ku-GitHub. 73 amaqoqo nge-backdoors ku-GitHub.
  Ijova ikhodi enonya kuphakheji ye-Ruby Iphasiwedi_eqinile, iphakheji ye-NPM bb-umakhi, ukuncika kwephakheji ye-npm I-PureScript, Imitapo yolwazi yePython ePyPI, emitatsheni yolwazi yaseRuby i-bootstrap-sass и ikhasimende lokuphumula, Izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Android ukusebenza ngekhamera.

• I-Cryptocurrencies: Ipulatifomu yeBlockchain TON (Telegram Open Network) kanye ukungabaza ukufakwa kwe-cryptocurrency yeTelegram. Ukuba sengozini okubalulekile ku-Ethereum. Ukuba sengozini ku-Zcash, okwavumela ukukhiqizwa kwezimali ezintsha. Ukugenca Iwebhusayithi yeMonero cryptocurrency. Imfucuza kabili Imali yemakethe ye-Ethereum Classic.
• Izindlela zokuhlasela:
  • Ukuhlasela ukunquma isimo sememori sezinqubo usebenzisa inqolobane yekhasi.
  • I-Technique dlula ukuvikelwa kwe-Widevine L3 DRM.
  • Ukuhlasela kwe-KNOB, okukuvumela ukuthi ubambe ithrafikhi ye-Bluetooth ebethelwe.
  • Ukuhlasela kumakrofoni wezinhlelo zokulawula izwi kusetshenziswa i-laser.
  • Ukuhlasela usebenzisa amadivaysi e-Thunderbolt anonya.
  • Ukuphakama ukuhlaselwa okuhlobene nokuthathwa kokulawula i-DNS.
  • Ukuhlasela ekusetshenzisweni okuhlukahlukene kwe-TLS.
  • Ukuhlasela kunethiwekhi yamaseva okhiye okhiye be-OpenPGP.
  • Ithuba phazamisa ukuxhumana kwe-TCP okwenziwe ngemihubhe ye-VPN.
  • Ukuhlasela kumasistimu we-frontend-backend, okukuvumela ukuthi uhlangane nezicelo zezinkampani zangaphandle
  • Ukuhlasela I-CPDoS, okukuvumela ukuthi wenze amakhasi anikezwe nge-CDN angatholakali.
  • Minerva -Isu le-ECDSA lokubuyisela ukhiye.
  • I-NetCAT - Ukutholwa kokhiye bekude ngokucindezelwa kuseshini ye-SSH.
  • Ukuhlaselwa kwe-DoS ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi ye-Tor;
  • Isebenza kahle kakhulu indlela yokuthola ukushayisana ye-SHA-1.
• Ubungozi kumaphrosesa. Izinkinga ngama-Intel chips: MDS, ISIPHO, Zombieload 2, I-Plundervolt. I-Intel ne-AMD: I-SWAPGS. I-AMD:
  I-AMD SEV.

• Ubungozi ku-firmware, izivumelwano nama-chips ahlukanisiwe: Abalawuli be-BMC, I-Firmware ye-WiFi Marvell Avastar, I-TPM-Yehlulekile, Amamojula we-HSM, I-Qualcomm TrustZone, I-Intel SGX, WPA3 kanye ne-EAP-pwd (1, 2), I-Broadcom WiFi chips, I-QualPwn (I-Qualcomm Wi-Fi)
• Ukuba sengozini: Ubungozi bempande yendawo ku-Linux kernel (I-SCTP, AF_ALG, USB, I915, v4l2, mangala, fbdev). Ubungozi be-DoS ekude ku-Linux kernel (RDS, UDP, rtlwifi) futhi I-FreeBSD. Iphakethe-lokufa ku-Linux naku-FreeBSD.
  Abane okugxekayo ubuthakathaka в eposini iseva Exim, okuyinto kwaholela ekuhlaselweni kwabantu abaningi.

  Ukuba sengozini kwesilawuli kude ku php-fpm, WordPress, WhatsApp, SQLite (+ ukuhlasela nge-WebSQL ku-Chrome), I-OpenSSL, I-NPM, I-Git, itho olukhululekile, engapheli ukusakazwa kobungozi ku-Ghostscript, I-Dovecot, KDE, Proftpd, Squid, Magento, Sdl, I-GraphicsMagick, Vim, I-MyBB, I-PharStreamWrapper (Drupal, Joomla kanye neTypo3), I-APT, pacman, Drupal, I-LibreOffice ne-OpenOffice, SCP.

  Ukulimala kwendawo okuyingozi ku runc kanye ne-LXC (I-Docker) systemd-journald, ld. ngakho и libc ku-OpenBSD, Xen,
  i-vhost-net, QEMU, Docker, snap futhi flatpak, snapd.

Phakathi nonyaka, izindaba eziyi-1687 (790 main, 897 mini) zashicilelwa ku-OpenNET, lapho kwashiywa khona ukuphawula kwe-148862.

Source: opennet.ru