Lesi sihloko siyimpendulo ekushicilelweni ««, noma kunalokho, hhayi ngisho nasesihlokweni ngokwaso, kodwa ngokunye kokuphawula kuso nemibono evezwe kuso.
Manje ngizoveza, mhlawumbe, umbono ongathandwa kakhulu lapha ku-Habré, kodwa angikwazi ukuzibamba ngaphandle kokuwuveza. Ngivumelana nomlobi walesi sihloko, futhi ngicabanga ukuthi ngezindlela eziningi uqinisile. Kodwa nginemibuzo eminingi kanye nokuphikisana nendlela “yokuba umthuthukisi ojwayelekile, awudingi ukufunda enyuvesi, leli izinga lesikole sokufundela umsebenzi,” abaningi lapha abalikhuthazayo.
Okokuqala
... okokuqala, ake sicabange ukuthi lokhu kuyiqiniso ngempela, inyuvesi inikeza ulwazi oluyisisekelo lokuzibandakanya kwezesayensi nokuxazulula izinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi ezingajwayelekile, futhi wonke umuntu udinga isikole sokufundela amakhono/isikole sobuchwepheshe, lapho ezofundiswa khona izisekelo zobuchwepheshe. namathuluzi adumile. Kodwa... kukhona eyodwa KODWA lapha... Ngokunembayo, ngisho no-3 “KODWA”:
- isimo sengqondo kubantu abangenayo imfundo ephakeme emphakathini: uma unemfundo yesibili noma ekhethekile esikoleni esiphakeme, ungumuntu olahlekile, futhi mhlawumbe futhi udakiwe futhi umlutha wezidakamizwa. Zonke izinhlobo zezisho ezidumile ezithi “uma ungakafundi, uyisisebenzi” zavela lapho.
(imiphumela yosesho lwesithombe yombuzo othi “umgcini wezinyoni” ibonakala iwuphawu)
Eqinisweni, umbhedo, kodwa uma ucabangela ukuthi abaningi abaneminyaka engu-17 ubudala bakhetha indlela yabo kule minyaka ngaphansi kwengcindezi eqinile evela kubazali nezihlobo zesizinda saseSoviet kanye ne-post-Soviet, lokhu kuyafaneleka.
- Ukuze abaqashi baxazulule ngempumelelo izinkinga zabo zebhizinisi, umuntu ovela esikoleni sokufundela umsebenzi / esikoleni sobuchwepheshe kwanele, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo udinga idiploma yemfundo ephakeme. Ikakhulukazi uma kungeyona inkampani ye-IT kuphela, kodwa okuthile okuhlobene (njengenkampani yobunjiniyela, i-ejensi kahulumeni, njll.) Yebo, kunenqubekelaphambili, izinkampani eziningi ze-IT ezanele neziqhubekayo aziyidingi, kodwa uma edolobheni lakho elincane lapho. ikakhulukazi Uma zingekho izinkampani ezanele nezithuthukayo, noma akulula kangako ukungena kuzo, khona-ke ukuze uthole noma yikuphi futhi uthole isipiliyoni sokuqala, idiploma ingadingeka.
— Izinkinga ngogandaganda ezivela endimeni edlule. Ufuna ukuya emsebenzini kwelinye izwe, usuvele unesipho esivela kumqashi okulungele ukukuqasha ukuze uthole iholo elihle (futhi ulwazi lwakho olusebenzisile esikoleni sokufundela amakhono lumnele), kodwa umthetho wokufuduka kwabaningi. amazwe (njenge-European blue card system) anamandla kakhulu enza le ndlela ibe nzima kakhulu kubantu abangenazo idiploma yemfundo ephakeme.
Esinakho ngenxa yalokho: imfundo yesikole sokufundela umsebenzi/isikole sobuchwepheshe yanele emsebenzini, kodwa idiploma yemfundo ephakeme isadingeka impilo yonke. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ulwazi olusetshenzisiwe nolwazi olusebenzayo ngeke lunikezwe eyunivesithi, njengoba kuchazwe kahle kulesi sihloko, futhi esikoleni sokufundela umsebenzi ngeke bakunike idiploma yaseyunivesithi. Umbuthano ononya.
Okwesibili…
Ake sidlulele phambili, ngephuzu lesibili, sichaze ukuthi izinkinga ezisephuzwini lokuqala zavelaphi.
“Uzofundiswa ulwazi olusetshenziswayo nolwazi olusebenzayo esikoleni sokufundela umsebenzi/isikole sobuchwepheshe, futhi enyuvesi uyoba nesisekelo esiyisisekelo semisebenzi enzima nengajwayelekile” - lokhu kusemhlabeni okahle, kodwa thina, maye, siphila engafanelekile. Zingaki izikole zemisebenzi yezandla noma izikole zobuchwepheshe ozaziyo lapho ziqeqesha khona ngempela, isibonelo, abathuthukisi abaphambili, abangemuva noma abangomahamba-nendlwana kusukela ekuqaleni, okubanika lonke ulwazi olubalulekile noludingeka esikhathini sethu? Ukuze okukhiphayo kube umfana onamandla kangaka, olungele ukusebenza kumaphrojekthi wangempela? Mhlawumbe, kunjalo, akhona, kodwa mhlawumbe ambalwa kakhulu, angazi neyodwa. Lo msebenzi wenziwa kahle kakhulu ngezifundo ezivela ezikhungweni zemfundo ezahlukahlukene ngokubambisana nezinkampani ezihola phambili zobuchwepheshe, kepha lezo ezikhululekile, ezinomfundaze kanye nomsebenzi olandelayo, zivame ukuba nzima kakhulu ukungena futhi nenani lezindawo lapho lilinganiselwe kakhulu, futhi okunye kungabiza kakhulu.
Futhi ngezikole zemisebenzi yezandla namakolishi, maye, yonke into imbi. Mhlawumbe lokhu kuwumphumela wokuwohloka okuvamile kohlelo lwezemfundo ezweni (izinguquko ezingabazekayo, amaholo aphansi, inkohlakalo, njll.) kanye nezinkinga zomnotho nezimboni (izimboni ezihlulekayo kanye nokwehliswa kokukhiqizwa), kodwa iqiniso lithi emnothweni nasezimbonini. ekugcineni, ezikoleni zemisebenzi yezandla kanye nezikole zobuchwepheshe namuhla zihanjelwa yilabo abaphumelele i-Unified State Exam kabi kakhulu, izingane ezivela emindenini entulayo, njll., futhi imfundo ekhona isezingeni elifanele, futhi ngenxa yalokho, abaqashi ababoni okuningi. ukubaluleka kwabathweswe iziqu ezikoleni zemisebenzi yezandla kanye nezikole zobuchwepheshe (kahle, ngaphandle kobuchwepheshe bokusebenza), kodwa ngasikhathi sinye bakholelwa ukuthi uma umuntu ephothula eyunivesithi (ikakhulukazi ehloniphekile), akasona isiphukuphuku esiphelele. , futhi kukhona akwaziyo. Ngakho-ke, bobabili abafundi nabaqashi basathemba ukuthi ngemva kokuphothula iziqu, lowo othweswe iziqu uzoba nolwazi olufanele futhi oludingekayo, kodwa inyuvesi ayiwufezi lo msebenzi, okuyinto leyo sihloko.
Awu, okwesithathu.
Kodwa ingabe ngempela inyuvesi kufanele inikeze ulwazi oluyisisekelo kuphela, kuyilapho ihlukaniswa nomkhuba?
Ake sibheke ongoti abangebona abe-IT. Isibonelo, konjiniyela, ochwepheshe bamapayipi (ngaba nesithakazelo ngempela, futhi ngaxoxa nodadewethu omncane, osanda kuphothula eyunivesithi kulobu buchwepheshe futhi waqala umsebenzi wakhe e-NIPI). Ochwepheshe bamapayipi kufanele bakwazi ukwenza izinto eziqondile kakhulu ngemva kokuqeqeshwa: ukuklama amapayipi kawoyela negesi 🙂 Ngakho-ke abanikezwa nje kuphela ulwazi oluyisisekelo, njengama-hydraulics, izinto zamandla, ubunjiniyela bokushisa, i-physics kanye ne-chemistry yoketshezi namagesi, kodwa futhi isetshenziswa. ulwazi: ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela ezithile zokubala amapharamitha kanye nezici zokucindezela zamapayipi, ukubala kanye nokukhethwa kokushisa okushisayo, izindlela zokupompa amafutha e-viscosities ehlukene nezinhlobo ezahlukene zamagesi, umklamo kanye nezinhlobo zeziteshi ezahlukene ze-compressor, amaphampu, ama-valve, ama-valve kanye izinzwa, imiklamo evamile yamapayipi yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene, izindlela zokwandisa ukuphuma, imibhalo yedizayini yokuklama (ngokuzivocavoca okungokoqobo kwezinye izinhlelo ze-CAD), njll. Futhi ngenxa yalokho, imisebenzi yabo eyinhloko ngeke ibe ukusungulwa kwezinhlobo ezintsha zamapayipi namaphampu, kodwa ukukhethwa nokuhlanganiswa kwezingxenye ezenziwe ngomumo, nokubalwa kwezimpawu zakho konke lokhu ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nemininingwane yezobuchwepheshe, ukuqinisekisa ukwaneliseka kwezidingo zamakhasimende, ukwethembeka, ukuphepha kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezomnotho kwakho konke lokhu. Akukukhumbuzi lutho? Uma ubheka ezinye izinto ezikhethekile, njengobunjiniyela bamandla kagesi, izinhlelo zokuxhumana kanye nokusakaza kwethelevishini nomsakazo, ngisho ne-electronics yezimboni, yonke into izofana: ulwazi oluyisisekelo lwethiyori + lusetshenziswe ulwazi olusebenzayo. Kodwa ngesizathu esithile bathi ngomkhakha we-IT, “akekho enyuvesi ozokunikeza okudingayo ukuze uziqeqeshe, funda esikoleni sokufundela amakhono.” Futhi isixazululo silula...
Isikhathi sokubuyisela emuva emashumini ambalwa eminyaka adlule, siye kuma-50s nama-60s, futhi ubheke imboni ye-IT. Ikhompiyutha ngaleso sikhathi yayingelutho nje “iwumshini wokubala omkhulu” futhi yayisetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ososayensi, onjiniyela kanye namasosha ekubaleni izibalo. Umqambi wabe esekwazi kahle izibalo, ngoba yena ngokwakhe wayeyisazi sezibalo, noma nje kwakudingeka aqonde kahle ukuthi hlobo luni lwamafomula nama-squiggles alethwe yizazi zezibalo, ngesisekelo okudingeka abhale uhlelo lokubala. Kwadingeka abe nolwazi oluhle nolujulile lwama-algorithms ajwayelekile, kufaka phakathi asezingeni eliphansi - ngoba akukho mtapo wolwazi ojwayelekile, noma kukhona, kepha mancane kakhulu, kufanele ubhale yonke into ngokwakho. Kumele futhi abe ngunjiniyela we-elekthronikhi kanye nogesi wesikhashana - ngoba cishe, hhayi nje ukuthuthukiswa, kodwa futhi nokugcinwa komshini kuzowela emahlombe akhe, futhi ngokuvamile kufanele abone ukuthi uhlelo luyi-buggy ngenxa ye- iphutha kukhodi, noma ngenxa yokuthi kwenye indawo othintana naye uyalahleka (khumbula ukuthi igama elithi “bug” livelaphi, yebo).
Manje sebenzisa lokhu kukharikhulamu yasenyuvesi futhi uthola ukushaya okucishe kuphelele: inani elibalulekile lezibalo ezinhlotsheni zazo ezihlukahlukene (eziningi zazo okungenzeka zingabi wusizo kunjiniyela empilweni yangempela), inqwaba yezifundo ezingezona eze-IT “ezisetshenziswayo. ” zezifundo ezihlukene (kuye ngokuthi okukhethekile), “ubunjiniyela obujwayelekile” (izinga lezemfundo lithi “unjiniyela”, ngakho kufanele kube khona!), zonke izinhlobo “zezisekelo zetiyori zento ethile”, njll. Mhlawumbe esikhundleni se-assembler, i-Algol ne-Forth bazokhuluma nge-C ne-Python, esikhundleni sokuhlela izakhiwo zedatha ku-tape magnetic bazokhuluma ngohlobo oluthile lwe-DBMS ehlobene, futhi esikhundleni sokudluliselwa phezu kwe-loop yamanje bazokhuluma nge-TCP / IP.
Kodwa konke okunye akushintshile, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi, ngokuphambene nalokho, imboni ye-IT ngokwayo, ubuchwepheshe, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, izindlela zokuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe nokuklama zishintshe kakhulu phakathi neminyaka. Futhi-ke uzoba nenhlanhla uma unothisha abathuthukayo abanolwazi lwangempela ekuthuthukisweni kwesoftware yezimboni yesimanje - bazokunikeza ulwazi olufanele noludingekayo "bebodwa", futhi uma kungenjalo, cha, maye.
Eqinisweni, kukhona futhi inqubekela phambili eya endaweni enhle, isibonelo, esikhathini esithile esidlule kwavela okukhethekile "Ubunjiniyela Besofthiwe" - ikharikhulamu lapho ikhethwe kahle kakhulu. Kodwa umfundi, eneminyaka engu-17, ukhetha ukuthi uzofunda kuphi futhi kanjani, kanye nabazali bakhe (okungenzeka ukuthi bakude kakhulu ne-IT), maye, akakwazi ukukuthola konke ...
Siyini isiphetho? Kodwa ngeke kube nesiphetho. Kodwa ngibikezela ukuthi kuzoba nengxoxo eshisayo kumazwana futhi, besiyoba kuphi ngaphandle kwayo :)
Source: www.habr.com