Engxenyeni yesibili ye-athikili yomlobi wethu wezobuchwepheshe u-Andrey Starovoitov, sizobheka ukuthi kwakhiwa kanjani intengo yokuhumusha imibhalo yezobuchwepheshe. Uma ungafuni ukufunda umbhalo omningi, bheka ngokushesha ingxenye ethi "Izibonelo" ekugcineni kwesihloko.
Ungafunda ingxenye yokuqala yesihloko .
Ngakho-ke, cishe uthathe isinqumo sokuthi uzosebenzisana nobani ekuhumusheni isofthiwe. Elinye lamaphuzu abaluleke kakhulu ezingxoxweni njalo ingxoxo yentengo yezinsizakalo. Yini ngempela okuzodingeka uyikhokhe?
(Njengoba yonke inkampani yokuhumusha ihlukile, asisho ukuthi yonke into izohamba kahle njengoba kuchazwe ngezansi kuwe. Nokho, ngabelana ngolwazi lwami lapha)
1) Igama le-UI ne-Doc
Akunandaba ukuthi ucela ukuhumusha i-gui noma amadokhumenti, abahumushi bayakhokhisa igama ngalinye. Ukukhokha ngegama ngalinye kuyiphuzu eliyinhloko engxoxweni yamanani.
Isibonelo, uzohumushela isofthiwe kwisiJalimane. Inkampani yokuhumusha ikutshela ukuthi intengo ngegama ngalinye izoba ngu-$0.20 (zonke izintengo ku-athikili zingamadola ase-US, amanani ayalinganiselwa).
Ukuthi uyavuma noma cha - zibonele wena. Ungazama ukuxoxisana.
2) Ihora lolimi
Izinkampani zokuhumusha zinenani elincane lamagama okufanele athunyelwe ukuze ahunyushwe. Isibonelo, amagama angama-250. Uma uthumela okuncane, kuzodingeka ukhokhele “ihora lolimi” (isibonelo, u-$40).
Ngokuvamile, uma uthumela ngaphansi kobuncane obudingekayo, izinkampani zingase ziziphathe ngendlela ehlukile. Uma udinga ngokushesha ukuhumusha imishwana engu-1-2, abanye bangakwenza mahhala njengesipho kuklayenti. Uma udinga ukuhumusha amagama angu-50-100, bangawahlela ngesaphulelo samahora angu-0.5.
3) Igama le-UI ne-Doc lokumaketha
Ezinye izinkampani zokuhumusha zinikeza isevisi "yokuhumusha okukhethekile" - ngokuvamile isetshenziswa ezimeni lapho okuthile kudinga ukuhunyushwa ukuze kukhangiswe.
Ukuhumusha okunjalo kuzokwenziwa "inkanyezi yolimi" enolwazi owazi iqoqo lezisho, osebenzisa i-epithets kahle, owazi ukuhlela kabusha umusho ukuze umbhalo uhehe, uhlale enkumbulweni isikhathi eside, njll.
Izindleko zokuhumusha okunjalo zizobiza kakhulu. Isibonelo, uma inkokhelo yokuhumusha okulula ingu-$0.20 igama ngalinye, lapho-ke ukuhumusha “okukhethekile” kungu-$0.23.
4) Ihora lolimi lokumaketha
Uma udinga ukwenza ukuhumusha "okukhethekile", kodwa uthumela ngaphansi kobuncane obusungulwe yinkampani, kuzodingeka ukhokhele "ihora elikhethekile lolimi".
Ihora elinjalo nalo lizobiza kakhulu kunokujwayelekile. Isibonelo, uma intengo yejwayelekile ingu-$40, khona-ke kwekhethekile ingaba ngu-$45.
Kodwa futhi, inkampani ingahlangana nawe phakathi nendawo. Uma ingxenye yombhalo incane ngempela, bangakwazi ukuyihumusha ngesigamu sehora.
5) Imali ye-PM
Ngisho nangesikhathi sezingxoxo zokuqala, kwaxoxwa ngepharamitha “njengenkokhelo yomphathi”. Yini?
Ezinkampanini ezinkulu zokuhumusha, unikezwa umphathi womuntu siqu. Uthumela konke okudingayo ukuze umhumushele, futhi usevele ewenza wonke umsebenzi wenhlangano:
- uma izinsiza zakho zidinga ukulungiswa ukuze zihunyushwe, umphathi-ke uzithumele konjiniyela (okuningi ngalokhu kamuva);
- uma inkampani inama-oda amaningi kanye nabahumushi abaningi (izikhulumi zomdabu) emazweni ahlukene, khona-ke umphathi uzoxoxisana ngokuthi yimuphi kubo okwamanje okhululekile futhi uzokwazi ukuqedela ngokushesha ukuhumusha;
— uma abahumushi benemibuzo mayelana nokuhumusha, umphathi uzokubuza yona, bese edlulisela impendulo kubahumushi;
- uma ukudluliselwa kuphuthumayo, umphathi uzonquma ukuthi ubani ongasebenza isikhathi esengeziwe;
— uma udinga ukuhumusha, futhi abahumushi kwelinye izwe baneholide lomphakathi, lapho-ke umphathi uzofuna umuntu ongafaka esikhundleni sabo, njll., njll.
Ngamanye amazwi, umphathi uyisixhumanisi phakathi kwakho nabahumushi. Uthumela izinsiza zokuhumusha + okuthile ukuze kucace (amazwana, izithombe-skrini, amavidiyo) bese kuba lokho - lapho umphathi uzonakekela yonke into. Uzokwazisa uma sekufike ukudluliselwa.
Umphathi futhi uthola inkokhelo yawo wonke lo msebenzi. Ngokuvamile ifakwa ezindlekweni ze-oda, iyinto ehlukile futhi ibalwa njengephesenti le-oda. Ngokwesibonelo, 6%.
6) Ihora lobunjiniyela bendawo
Uma okuthumele ukuze kuhunyushwe kuqukethe ama-ID amaningi ahlukene, omaka, njll. abangadingi ukuthi bahunyushwe, uhlelo lokuhumusha oluzenzakalelayo (ithuluzi le-CAT) lusazowabala futhi luwafake enanini lokugcina.
Ukuze ugweme lokhu, umbhalo onjalo unikezwa kuqala onjiniyela, abawusebenzisa ngeskripthi, bawukhiye futhi basuse konke okungadingi ukuhunyushwa. Ngakho-ke, ngeke ukhokhiswe lezi zinto.
Uma umbhalo usuhunyushiwe, uqhutshwa ngomunye umbhalo owengeza lezi zakhi emuva embhalweni osuhumushiwe kakade.
Ngezinqubo ezinjalo imali emisiwe ikhokhiswa “njengehora lobunjiniyela”. Ngokwesibonelo $34.
Njengesibonelo, ake sibheke izithombe ezi-2. Nawu umbhalo ofike ukuze uhunyushwe ovela kuklayenti (onama-ID nomaka):
Futhi nakhu abazokuthola abahumushi ngemuva kokuthi onjiniyela besebenzise umbhalo:
Kunezinzuzo ezi-2 lapha - 1) izakhi ezingadingekile zisusiwe enanini, 2) abahumushi akudingeki bahlangane namathegi nezinye izakhi - mancane amathuba okuthi othile azomosha ndawana thize.
7) Imodeli yokuhlukaniswa kwethuluzi le-CAT
Ngokuhumusha, izinkampani zisebenzisa amasistimu ahlukahlukene azenzakalelayo abizwa ngamathuluzi e-CAT (Amathuluzi Okuhumusha Okusizwa Ngekhompyutha). Izibonelo zalezo zinhlelo yiTrados, Transit, Memoq nezinye.
Lokhu akusho ukuthi ikhompuyutha izohumusha. Amasistimu anjalo asiza ukudala Inkumbulo Yokuhumusha ukuze ungadingi ukuhumusha osekuhunyushiwe kakade. Zisiza futhi ukuqonda ukuthi izinguqulo ezenziwe ngaphambilini zingasetshenziswa kabusha kwezintsha. Lezi zinhlelo zisiza ukuhlanganisa amagama, ukuhlukanisa umbhalo ube izigaba futhi uqonde ngokucacile ukuthi yimalini nokuthi yini okufanele uyikhokhe, njll.
Uma uthumela umbhalo ukuze uhunyushwe, uqhutshwa ngohlelo olunjalo - luhlaziya umbhalo, luqhathanise nenkumbulo yokuhumusha ekhona (uma ikhona) futhi ihlukanise umbhalo ube izigaba. Isigaba ngasinye sizoba nenani laso, futhi lezi zintengo zingenye iphuzu lokuxoxisana ngazo ezingxoxweni.
Ake sicabange, njengesibonelo, sithintana nenkampani yabahumushi futhi sabuza ukuthi kungabiza malini ukuhumushela imibhalo olimini lwesiJalimane. Sitshelwe u-$0.20 ngegama ngalinye. Bese besho izintengo zezigaba ezahlukahlukene lapho umbhalo uhlukaniswa khona ngesikhathi sokuhlaziya:
1) Isigaba Akukho okufanayo noma amagama amasha - 100%. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma kungekho lutho olungaphinda lusetshenziswe kumemori yokuhumusha, khona-ke inani eliphelele lithathwa - esibonelweni sethu, i-$ 0.20 ngegama ngalinye.
2) Ukufana kokuqukethwe kwesigaba - 0%. Uma igama lihambisana ngokuphelele nelihunyushwe ngaphambilini futhi umusho ozayo ungakashintshi, khona-ke ukuhumusha okunjalo kuzoba mahhala - kuzomane kusetshenziswe kabusha kusuka enkumbulweni yokuhumusha.
3) Ukuphindaphinda Kwesigaba noma ukufana okungu-100% - 25%. Uma umushwana uphindwa izikhathi ezimbalwa embhalweni, bazokhokhisa u-25% wentengo ngegama ngalinye kuwo (esibonelweni sethu kuvela u-$0.05). Le nkokhelo ithathwa ukuze umhumushi ahlole ukuthi ukuhunyushwa kwebinzana kuzofundwa kanjani ezimeni ezahlukene.
4) Isigaba esingaqondakali kahle (75-94%) - 60%. Uma ukuhumusha okukhona kungasetshenziswa kabusha ngo-75–94%, kuzokhokhiswa ngo-60% wentengo igama ngalinye. Esibonelweni sethu kuvela ku-$0.12.
Noma yini engaphansi kuka-75% izobiza okufanayo negama elisha - $0.20.
5) Isigaba esine-fuzzy ephezulu (95-99%) - 30%. Uma ukuhumusha okukhona kungasetshenziswa kabusha ngo-95-99%, kuzokhokhiswa ngo-30% wentengo ngegama ngalinye. Esibonelweni sethu, lokhu kuphuma ku-$0.06.
Konke lokhu akulula ukukuqonda ngokufunda umbhalo owodwa.
Ake sibheke izibonelo ezithile - ake sicabange ukuthi saqala ukubambisana nenkampani ethile futhi sithumela izingxenye ezihlukahlukene ukuze zihunyushwe.
IZIBONELO:
Ingxenye 1: (inkumbulo yokuhumusha ayinalutho)
Ngakho-ke, uqale ukusebenza nenkampani entsha yokuhumusha futhi wacela into ezohunyushwa okokuqala ngqa. Ngokwesibonelo, lo musho:
Umshini obonakalayo ikhophi elingisiwe yekhompuyutha ephathekayo engasetshenziswa kanye nesistimu yokusebenza yomsingathi.
Amazwana: Uhlelo luzobona ukuthi inkumbulo yokuhumusha ayinalutho - akukho okuzophinda kusetshenziswe. Inombolo yamagama ngu-21. Wonke achazwa ngokuthi amasha, futhi intengo yokuhumusha okunjalo izoba: 21 x $0.20 = $4.20
Ingxenye 2: (ake sicabange ukuthi ngesizathu esithile uthumele umusho ofanayo ukuze uhunyushwe okokuqala ngqa)
Umshini obonakalayo ikhophi elingisiwe yekhompuyutha ephathekayo engasetshenziswa kanye nesistimu yokusebenza yomsingathi.
Ukuphawula: Kulesi simo, uhlelo luzobona ukuthi umusho onjalo usuvele uhunyushwe, futhi umongo (umusho ongaphambili) awushintshile. Ngakho-ke, ukuhumusha okunjalo kungasetshenziswa kabusha ngokuphepha, futhi akudingeki ukhokhe noma yini ngakho. Intengo – 0.
Ingxenye yesi-3: (uthumela umusho ofanayo ukuze uhunyushwe, kodwa umusho omusha wamagama angu-5 wengezwe ekuqaleni)
Uyini umshini we-virtual? Umshini obonakalayo ikhophi elingisiwe yekhompuyutha ephathekayo engasetshenziswa kanye nesistimu yokusebenza yomsingathi.
Amazwana: Isistimu izobona ukunikezwa okusha kwamagama angu-5 futhi ibale ngentengo egcwele - $0.20 x 5 = $1. Kodwa umusho wesibili uqondana ngokuphelele nalowo ohunyushwe ngaphambili, kodwa umongo ushintshile (kwanezelwa umusho ngaphambili). Ngakho-ke, izohlukaniswa njengomdlalo we-100% futhi ibalwe njengo-$0.05 x 21 = $1,05. Le mali izokhokhiswa ukuze umhumushi ahlole ukuthi ukuhumusha okukhona komusho wesibili kungasetshenziswa kabusha - ngeke kube khona ukuphikisana kohlelo noma kwe-semantic okuhambisana nokuhunyushwa komusho omusha.
Ingxenye yesi-4: (ake sicabange ukuthi kulokhu uthumele into efanayo nasengxenyeni yesi-3, ngoshintsho olulodwa kuphela - izikhala ezi-2 phakathi kwemisho)
Uyini umshini we-virtual? Umshini obonakalayo ikhophi elingisiwe yekhompuyutha ephathekayo engasetshenziswa kanye nesistimu yokusebenza yomsingathi.
Amazwana: Njengoba kungabonakala kusithombe-skrini, isistimu ayibheki leli cala njengoshintsho kumongo - ukuhunyushwa kwayo yomibili imishwana ngokulandelana okufanayo sekuvele kuyatholakala kumemori yokuhumusha, futhi ingasetshenziswa kabusha. Ngakho-ke intengo ingu-0.
Ingxenye yesi-5: (thumela ibinzana elifanayo njengasengxenyeni yokuqala, vele ushintshe u-“an” ube “the”)
Umshini obonakalayo ikhophi elingisiwe yekhompuyutha ephathekayo engasetshenziswa kanye nesistimu yokusebenza yomsingathi.
Amazwana: Isistimu ibona lolu shintsho futhi ibala ukuthi ukuhumusha okukhona kungasetshenziswa kabusha ngo-97%. Kungani ncamashi 97%, futhi esibonelweni esilandelayo ngoshintsho oluncane olufanayo - 99%? Imithetho yokuhlukanisa ifakwe ngokuqinile kungqondongqondo yangaphakathi yesistimu ngabathuthukisi bayo. Ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nokuhlukaniswa . Ngokuvamile basebenzisa imithetho yokuhlukanisa ezenzakalelayo, kodwa kwezinye izinhlelo bangashintshwa ukuze kukhuliswe ukunemba nokunemba kokuhlukaniswa kombhalo wezilimi ezahlukene. Ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ungayishintsha kanjani imithetho yokuhlukaniswa ku-memoQ .
Ngakho-ke, ikhono lokusebenzisa kabusha ukuhumusha ngo-97% lichaza amagama esigabeni se-High-fizzy, futhi, ngokwesibonelo sethu, intengo yokuhumusha okunjalo izoba ngu-$0.06 x 21 = $1,26. Le ntengo ithathwa ngenxa yokuthi umhumushi uzohlola ukuthi ukuhunyushwa kwengxenye eshintshiwe ngencazelo futhi kungqubuzana ngokohlelo lonke ukuhumusha, okuzothathwa kumemori yesistimu.
Isibonelo esinikeziwe silula futhi asibonisi ukubaluleka okugcwele kwesheke elinjalo. Kodwa ezimweni eziningi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhunyushwa kwengxenye entsha ngokuhambisana nendala kuhlala "kufundeka futhi kuyaqondakala".
Ingxenye yesi-6: (sithumela ukuze kuhunyushwe umushwana ofanayo njengasengxenyeni yokuqala, kufakwa ukhefana ngemva kokuthi “ikhompyutha”)
Umshini obonakalayo ikhophi elingisiwe yekhompuyutha ephathekayo, engasetshenziswa kanye nesistimu yokusebenza yomsingathi.
Amazwana: Konke lapha kufana nengxenye yesi-5, uhlelo kuphela, ngokusho komqondo walo wangaphakathi, lunquma ukuthi ukuhumusha okukhona kungasetshenziswa kabusha ngo-99%.
Ingxenye 7: (sithumela ukuze kuhunyushwe umusho ofanayo nosengxenyeni yokuqala, kodwa kulokhu isiphetho sishintshile)
Umshini obonakalayo ikhophi elingisiwe yekhompuyutha ephathekayo engasetshenziswa kanye nama-OS aziwa kakhulu.
Amazwana: Isistimu izobona ukuthi isiphetho sishintshile futhi izobala ukuthi kulokhu ukuhumusha okukhona kungasetshenziswa kabusha ngo-92%. Kulesi simo, amagama awela esigabeni se-Low-fuzzy, futhi intengo yalokhu kuhumusha izobalwa njengo-$0.12 x 21 = $2,52. Le ntengo ayikhokhiswa kuphela ukuhumusha amagama amasha, kodwa futhi nokuhlola ukuthi ukuhumusha okudala kuvumelana kanjani nokusha.
Ingxenye 8: (sithumela umusho omusha ukuze uhunyushwe, okuyingxenye yokuqala yomusho osuka engxenyeni yokuqala)
Umshini obonakalayo uyikhophi elingisiwe yekhompuyutha ephathekayo.
Amazwana: Ngemva kokuhlaziya, isistimu ibona ukuthi ukuhumusha okukhona kungasetshenziswa kabusha ngo-57%, kodwa lesi silinganiso asifakiwe ku-High-fuzzy noma Low-fuzzy. Ngokwesivumelwano, yonke into engaphansi kuka-75% ihunyushwa ngokuthi Akukho okufanayo. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, intengo ibalwa ngokugcwele, njengamagama amasha - $0.20 x 11 = $2,20.
Ingxenye 9: (thumela umusho ohlanganisa ingxenye yebinzana elihunyushwe ngaphambilini kanye nengxenye entsha)
Umshini obonakalayo ikhophi elingisiwe yekhompuyutha ephathekayo engaphathwa njenge-PC yangempela uma usebenza nayo nge-RDP.
Amazwana: Uhlelo lubona ukuthi ukuhumusha okukhona kungasetshenziswa kabusha ngo-69%. Kodwa, njengasengxenyeni yesi-8, lesi silinganiso asiwi ku-High-fuzzy noma ku-Low-fuzzy. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, intengo izobalwa njengamagama amasha: $0.20 x 26 = $5,20.
Ingxenye 10: (sithumela umusho omusha ukuze uhunyushwe, ohlanganisa ngokuphelele amagama afanayo nemisho ehunyushwe ngaphambili, kodwa yilawa magama kuphela ahlelwe ngendlela ehlukile)
Ikhompuyutha engokoqobo elingisiwe esebenza kanye nohlelo lokusebenza lomsingathi ibizwa ngokuthi umshini obonakalayo.
Phawula: Nakuba wonke lamagama ehunyushwe ngaphambili, uhlelo lubona ukuthi kulokhu asehlelweni olusha ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, iwahlukanisa esigabeni samagama Amasha futhi ibala intengo yokuhumusha ngokugcwele - $0.20 x 16 = $3,20.
Ingxenye 11: (sithumela ukuze kuhunyushwe umbhalo othile lapho umusho owodwa uphindwa kabili)
Ingabe ufuna ukonga imali? Thenga i-Parallels Desktop futhi usebenzise kokubili izinhlelo zokusebenza zeWindows ne-macOS kukhompyutha eyodwa ngaphandle kokuthi uqale kabusha. Ingabe ufuna ukonga imali? Sishayele manje futhi uthole isaphulelo.
Ukuphawula: Ngemva kokuhlaziya, uhlelo lubona ukuthi umusho owodwa usetshenziswe kabili. Ngakho-ke, amagama angu-6 avela emshweni ophindaphindiwe afakiwe esigabeni sokuphindaphinda, futhi amagama angu-30 asele afakiwe esigabeni samagama Amasha. Izindleko zokudluliswa okunjalo zizobalwa njengo-$0.05 x 6 + $0.20 x 30 = $6,30. Intengo yomusho ophindaphindiwe ithathwa ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi ukuhumusha kwayo (lapho ihunyushwa okokuqala ngqa) ingasetshenziswa kabusha kumongo omusha.
Ukuphothula:
Ngemva kokuvumelana ngezintengo, kusayinwa inkontileka lapho lezi ntengo zizolungiswa khona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusayinwe i-NDA (isivumelwano sokungadaluli) - isivumelwano lapho zombili izinhlangothi zithembisa ukungadaluli ulwazi lwangaphakathi lozakwethu kunoma ubani.
Ngokwalesi sivumelwano, inkampani yokuhumusha nayo ithembisa ukukunikeza inkumbulo yokuhumusha uma kwenzeka kunqanyulwa inkontileka. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze ungashiywa nomkhombe ongenalutho uma unquma ukushintsha i-localizer. Ngenxa yenkumbulo yokuhumusha, uzoba nakho konke ukuhumushwa okwenziwe ngaphambilini, futhi inkampani entsha ingaphinda iyisebenzise.
Manje ungaqala ukuhlanganyela.
Source: www.habr.com