I-ARIES PLC110[M02]-MS4, HMI, OPC ne-SCADA, noma ukuthi umuntu udinga itiye elingakanani leChamomile. Ingxenye 1

Sawubona, bafundi abathandekayo balesi sihloko. Ngibhala lokhu ngefomethi yokubuyekeza.

Isexwayiso esincaneNgithanda ukukuxwayisa ukuthi uma uqonda ngokushesha lokho esikhuluma ngakho kusukela esihlokweni, ngikweluleka ukuthi uguqule iphuzu lokuqala (empeleni, umgogodla we-PLC) kunoma yini evela esigabeni samanani isinyathelo esisodwa esiphezulu.
Ayikho imali eyongayo ebiza izinzwa ezingaka, ngokuzithoba.

Kulabo abangesabi izinwele ezincane ezimpunga kanye ne-amplitude ye-tic ye-nervous, kamuva ngizochaza ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi lesi simangaliso sezobuchwepheshe senziwa kanjani. Lesi sihloko sinikeza ukuhlaziywa okufushane kwephrojekthi ngenani elithile lokugxeka.

Umsuka. Ukwakhiwa kwenkinga

Empeleni, ngisebenza ku-design bureau, futhi sihlola imishini ezishintshayo ukuze ihlanganiswe nezimboni zethu ze-turnkey. Muva nje, imishini ye-OWEN ifike endaweni yokugcina izimpahla futhi kwanqunywa ukuthi kuhlanganiswe ibhentshi lokuhlola kuyo:

• I-PLC110[M02]-MS4 (indawo enkulu ye-MasterSCADA 4D)
• Iphaneli ye-opharetha SP307
• Imojula yokufaka yesiginali ye-analog yendawo yonke МВ110-224.2А
• Imojula yokufaka yesignali ye-MV110-4TD ye-strain gauge
• Imojula yokulinganisa kagesi MV110-220.3M

Isakhiwo sesistimu yakhethwa ngokuhlukaniswa kwamanethiwekhi ngokwenhloso:

1. I-Modbus RTU esekelwe ku-RS-485 - ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-PLC nezisetshenziswa zezigqila (amamojula, iziguquli zefrikhwensi, izinzwa ezihlakaniphile, iphaneli ye-HMI SP307), umphathi wenethiwekhi ye-PLC.
2. I-Modbus TCP esekelwe ku-Ethernet - Ukuxhumana kwama-PLC ahlukene nomunye kanye neseva ye-OPC
3. Iseva ye-PC yesistimu ye-OPC kanye ne-SCADA kanyekanye iyisango phakathi kwamanethiwekhi amabili ahlukene (i-Corporate LAN yebhizinisi kanye nenethiwekhi yabalawuli be-Modbus TCP (ama-adaptha enethiwekhi amabili anomzila wedatha asebenzisa amathuluzi ajwayelekile e-Windows)
4. I-LAN yebhizinisi inokufinyelela ku-inthanethi ngeseva elibamba

Isakhiwo esijwayelekile sesistimu siboniswa esithombeni esingezansi:

Ukusebenza okwakhelwe ngaphakathi

• Ukuqoqwa nokuqondisa kabusha kwedatha kusuka ku-PLC kuya kuseva ye-OPC
• Ukulawula kwendawo nokuqapha ngephaneli ye-HMI
• Ukulawula nokuqapha kusuka ku-SCADA usebenzisa iseva ye-OPC
• Lawula kunoma iyiphi i-PC kusuka ku-LAN yebhizinisi nange-inthanethi usebenzisa iklayenti le-SCADA
• Ixhuma amamonitha e-OPC eselula nge-LAN ne-inthanethi
• Yiqiniso, ukugcinwa kwengobo yomlando nokubika ukukhiqizwa

Kubonakala sengathi akukho lutho oluphuthelwe. Kunencazelo evamile yesistimu, futhi manje, empeleni, esihlokweni (ngizochaza izindlela zokuqeda ezihlokweni ngokuqaliswa kwe-node ngayinye):

Ubunzima obuhlangabezene nabo

1. Amadokhumenti e-PLC

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Beta kwe-PLC emenyezelwe kumongo we-MasterSCADA 4D kwaboniswa umenzi ngo-2012. Ngaphandle kobude bempilo obuhlaba umxhwele kangaka bomqondo, konke unjiniyela anakho ngo-2019 kuyimanuwali yokuhlela yamakhasi angama-28 (!?), lapho kunolwazi oluncane oluncane kunolungekho oluwusizo, kanye nezithombe-skrini kumanuwali zisuka ku-MasterSCADA 3D, okuyinto ehlekisa kakhulu ngokucabangela ukuthi isikhombimsebenzisi sishintshile.

Uchungechunge lwenkundla lwezihloko ezingama-20 nalo lusekelwa ngenkuthalo abalandeli abathathu kanye nomphathi wezokuthengisa.

2. Ukwakhiwa kwamamojula we-PLC

Lesi isihloko esihlukile sokuxoxwa ngaso. Kafushane: i-PLC ixhumana namamojula njengamadivayisi wesigqila se-Modbus RTU, okumele aqale amiswe insiza ngokuhlukana ngokuxhuma ngalinye ku-PC ngesiguquli se-RS-485.

Abafana abahlakaniphile, yiqiniso, cishe bayazi ukuthi bangakwenza kanjani lokhu ngaphandle kwesiguquli nge-PLC, amamojula axhuma ngokulandelanayo kunethiwekhi nokubhala amarejista adingekayo, kodwa lokhu kuza nesipiliyoni kanye nenani elikhulu lobuhlungu.

Kunjiniyela obona i-architecture enjalo okokuqala, ayisebenziseki nhlobo.
Futhi, wonke amamojula we-analog athanda ukwehluleka ngenxa yezizathu ezingaziwa, ethatha nayo yonke inethiwekhi ye-RS-485 e-Terra Incognita, kodwa futhi ngifuna ukukhuluma ngalokhu ngokwehlukana, i-epic yonke, yebo. Inkinga, ngendlela, ineminyaka engu-10 ubudala, umenzi uyayihleka “Kumele sivume ukuthi izifanekiso azisisebenzelanga”, nokho, lesi ukuphela kwesixhumi esibonakalayo sokuxhumana namamojula, futhi abantu, ngokujulile, bebelokhu bebhala ukusebenzisa kwabo kwe-Modbus RTU isikhathi eside.

Ngaleso sikhathi, itiye le-chamomile laliphelile ... Lashona ilanga

3. IDE MasterSCADA

Ngeke sikhulume ngamathuluzi wokuqhafaza; angikawahloli kakhulu, kodwa ngizosho zisuka nje ukuthi angikuthandanga.

Sikhuluma ngokuqaliswa kokushintshisana kwedatha nezilimi ezijwayelekile ze-IEC:

Okokufaka okuphathekayo nokuphumayo kwesilawuli akukona okuguquguqukayo komhlaba wonke futhi akukwazi ukufinyelelwa kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yohlelo ngokubhala isibizo, isibonelo “DI1”. Kufanele udonsele lokhu kuhlelo ngalunye usebenzisa izibambo, okuguquguqukayo kwendawo kwakhiwa lapho, okuzuza njengefa noma okudlulisa inani. Labo. wona kanye ingqikithi ye-PLC, embonweni wami, ilahlekile kancane: idivayisi kufanele yenze kube lula ukuhlela umqondo wokusebenza kwamashaneli angokwenyama kuze kufike ezingeni. “Uma okokufaka kwe-DI1 kucushiwe, vula i-DO1 ephumayo”futhi kubukeka kanje "Okokufaka i-DI1 - Okuguquguqukayo LI1 - Okuguquguqukayo LO1 - Okukhiphayo DO1", futhi, ngenxa yokunganaki lesi simiso se-IDE, ungathola isixwayiso esijabulisayo "Ukuguqulwa kwe-Boolean-Boolean akunakwenzeka" (cishe, enye yazo iyisikhombi, kodwa ngicabanga ukuthi kubahleli babadali, kuvumelana kakhulu) .

Imitapo yolwazi yezilimi ze-ST, FBD, SFC inamandla kakhulu futhi kukhona ukukhetha okulula kokuhlela, noma kunjalo, lezi zingxenye aziyona imisebenzi, kodwa amakilasi lapho izindlela zishumekwe khona, futhi okwesibili, iningi alinalo usizo oluchazayo. ukusebenza nezinhlobo zedatha. Ukuphikelela kwangiholela emitapweni yolwazi ye-CodeSys kernel, lapho yonke le misebenzi yathathwa khona, usizo lwayo lwasiza.

4. Shintsha ngephaneli ye-SP307

Umcimbi othokozisayo impela kulabo abangenayo indawo yokuhlala izinsuku ezimbalwa.

Ukuhlola okujwayelekile kwe-GUI (i-HMI noma i-SCADA) kimina ukwenza izivivinyo eziyisi-6:

1. Ukufunda Isiginali Ehlukile
2. Ukurekhoda isignali ehlukene
3. Ukufunda Inani Eliphelele
4. Ukubhala Inani Eliphelele
5. Ukufunda inani langempela
6. Ukubhala inani langempela

Ngokunjalo, ngidweba izingxenye eziyisi-6 zasendulo esikrinini futhi ngihlole ngayinye ngokulandelana kwayo
Ukushintshana kufana ncamashi namamojula, kodwa kusuka embobeni ehlukile ye-RS-232/485 PLC, futhi, kubonakala kuzinzile. Njengoba kuyisigqila se-HMI, ngayibhalela ngokushintsha, futhi ngayifunda ekuvoteni kwe-500ms, ukuze ungaphuthelwa izenzo zomqhubi.

Amaphuzu angu-4 okuqala aqedwe ngokuphelele, kodwa amaphuzu 5 no-6 abangela izinkinga.

Sithumela idatha yohlobo lwe-Single Float, siyibonise esikrinini futhi sibone ukuthi idatha ayifani, nakuba zonke izilungiselelo zokuphumayo (I-Float, irejista ye-dimension 1, njll.) ilungile. Kungaba amanga ukusho ukuthi isandulela asichazwanga emibhalweni, noma kunjalo, zama ukuthola ukuthi iyiphi futhi kuphi, ehlekisayo ngaphandle.

Ngemuva kokusesha okumangalisayo kwazo zonke izilungiselelo eziphathelene nedatha ngokwayo kanye nokuthunyelwa kwayo, sibhalela ukwesekwa kwezobuchwepheshe, impendulo ithatha isilinganiso sezinsuku zekhalenda eziyi-5-6, sisebenza ngokuhambisana neskripthi esijwayelekile sokusekelwa kwezobuchwepheshe “Hlola ukuthi amandla avuliwe - hlola inguqulo yesoftware - sicela ulinde elinye isonto - Asihambe siyozitholela yona. ”.

Ngendlela, kwanqunywa ngokufaka umaka owodwa endaweni enganele ngokuphelele enesignesha enganele ngokuphelele.

Ukusebenza kwesikrini Okokufaka kwesignali ye-analog yefomethi ethi "Slider" ayifakiwe, ingafakwa kuphela endaweni yombhalo kusetshenziswa izinombolo. Lokhu kuyamangaza nje, noma sibhala izinkinobho ze-“±” kanye neskripthi ngokwethu, noma sifaka inombolo sisuka kukhibhodi, bese sikhohlwa ngokulawula okuthambile kwedrayivu ethile.

Ngeke ngilayishe ngokweqile i-athikili, ngakho-ke ngizochaza izinkinga ngezinga eliphezulu engxenyeni 2.

Ukufingqa, Ngifuna ukuqaphela ukuthi nginenkululeko eyanele kanye nesikhathi esiningi sokuxazulula lezi zinkinga, okubonakala sengathi zihlekisa, kodwa zibangela ubuhlungu obukhulu kumuntu ohlukunyeziwe. Ezimweni zesikhathi esilinganiselwe, kubalulekile ukubhekana nezinkinga ezinjalo.

I-PS: Yonke le mibono evezwe lapha izimele, futhi iwumzamo nje wokuxwayisa abangakulungele, futhi hhayi ukucwasa abakhiqizi, ngicela ukuthi uthathe lesi sihloko kulo mbono.

Ingxenye yesibili isikhona kakade: chofoza

Source: www.habr.com