I-ARIES PLC110[M02]-MS4, HMI, OPC ne-SCADA, noma ukuthi umuntu udinga itiye elingakanani leChamomile. Ingxenye 2

Sanibonani ntambama bangane. Ingxenye yesibili yokubuyekeza ihambisana neyokuqala, futhi namuhla ngibhala isibuyekezo sezinga eliphezulu lesistimu elikhonjiswe esihlokweni.

Iqembu lethu lamathuluzi ezinga eliphezulu lihlanganisa yonke isofthiwe nezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezingaphezu kwenethiwekhi ye-PLC (ama-IDE wama-PLC, ama-HMI, izinsiza zeziguquli zemvamisa, amamojula, njll. awafakiwe lapha).

Ngizonamathisela ukwakheka kohlelo kusukela engxenyeni yokuqala futhi, ukuze kube lula ukuqonda lokho esikhuluma ngakho.

Ngakho, izinga eliphezulu lihlanganisa:

• I-PC gateway routing traffic phakathi kwamanethiwekhi amabili (inethiwekhi ye-PLC ne-LAN yebhizinisi)
• Iseva ye-OPC - isofthiwe eqoqa idatha kunethiwekhi ye-Modbus TCP futhi iyihumushe ukuze icutshungulwe ku-SCADA kanye nesizindalwazi
• I-SCADA - Iphakheji yesofthiwe ehlanganisa iseva namakhasimende. Igobolondo lethu lesithombe sokuqapha nokuphatha izinqubo
• I-DBMS isofthiwe esivumela ukuthi sigcine idatha efaka i-SCADA futhi, uma kunesidingo, siyithole ukuze sibuke amagrafu, amalogi, futhi sikhiqize imibiko.

Ngeke ngithinte inethiwekhi yebhizinisi (CN) yebhizinisi, ngoba ingaphakathi kwamandla omphathi wesistimu yethu, kodwa ngizokutshela ukuthi ngixhumane kanjani naye, yimiphi imisebenzi engiyibeka lapho ngichaza ukuqaliswa kohlelo, futhi hhayi isibuyekezo.

Ngakho, ake siqale

Okokuqala, Sithengisa ngokoqobo ihardware ezosisebenzela. I-Hardware, ukuze isebenze ngamabili okuhlukile amanethiwekhi, ikhompuyutha idinga ama-adaptha enethiwekhi amabili. Eyokuqala enganginayo kwakuyi-adaptha ye-motherboard (yokusebenza ku-CS), kanti eyesibili (yokusebenza ku-Modbus-TCP) ngayifaka echwebeni le-PCI-E futhi yakhipha intambo yesichibi kumzila (nje ukuze ungasakazi izintambo ezisuka emakhabetheni ane-PLC ziye ku-PC ku-bureau.Ohlangothini lwe-PLC, kunjalo, siphinde sifake umzila.).

Eqinisweni, lokhu kwanele ukuthi ikhompuyutha isebenze kunethiwekhi ngayinye, kodwa ngokuzenzakalelayo amanethiwekhi ngeke abonane, usazodinga ukucindezela izinkinobho.

Izici ezibalulekile zokusetha ukuxhumana kwenethiwekhi:

1. Ukuxhuma ku-CS akumele kwenziwe ngokuthola ikheli kuseva ye-DHCP; kufanele ucacise izilungiselelo ze-adaptha mathupha (ikheli akufanele lifakwe ebangeni lamakheli e-DHCP) nenkomba eyisibopho yesango lenethiwekhi. Esikhathini esizayo, lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu lapho uhlela ukufinyelela okukude.
2. Asikho isidingo sokuzama ukwakha ibhuloho lenethiwekhi phakathi kwama-adaptha; konke umzila wenziwa lapho isevisi ye-Windows ehambisanayo inikwe amandla.
3. Uma ufuna ukufinyelela kunethiwekhi ye-PLC kunoma iyiphi ikhompuyutha ye-CS, khona-ke umzila kufanele ubhaliswe ukuze wenziwe isango elikhulu lenethiwekhi.
4. Ukuze uhlele ukufinyelela okukude, ngincoma ukusebenzisa izimbobo zamahhala ezingajwayelekile ukuze unqamule ngokushesha abaduni abayingxenye
5. Ayikho isofthiwe eyengeziwe edingekayo ukuze ifakwe, konke kwenziwa kusetshenziswa amathuluzi ajwayelekile e-Windows

Isofthiwe

Bengifuna ukukhetha imikhiqizo ehlangabezana nemibandela ethile:

• Umkhiqizi wasekhaya - nakuba ngingathola ukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe bolimi lwesiNgisi ngazo zonke iziteshi zokuxhumana ezitholakalayo, akubona bonke ozakwethu abangaziqhayisa ngalokhu. Ukugcinwa kwesistimu kufanele kutholakale kuwo wonke umuntu, ukuze okungenani ngingahoxiswa eholidini.
  Futhi, ngiyaqaphela ukuthi izindleko zesofthiwe yasekhaya ziseduze namaqiniso ethu futhi zamukelekile kumakhasimende
• Intsha ngokuqhathaniswa, kodwa okungenani ifakazelwe kancane, ngoba nje ufuna ukuhambisana nezikhathi
• Isixhumi esibonakalayo esimnandi, sobuhle yinto akuwona wonke ama-SCADA angaziqhayisa ngayo. Ngeshwa, ukuklama kumathuluzi e-automation kuzothatha isikhathi eside ukuza, kodwa ngingathanda ukubona izimfanelo zabathengi zomkhiqizo wokugcina ezingeni eliphezulu.
• Ukuhlanganiswa okulula kwe-OPC, i-SCADA ne-DBMS (ngaphandle kokudansa ngethamborini, ubuncane bokucindezela izinkinobho), ukuze ukwazi ukuthumela isilungisi sesistimu esilula sokulawula eKamchatka (ngokwezwi nezwi, sinezitshalo zamakhasimende lapho) hhayi umakhi wesistimu.

Iseva ye-OPC

Ngesikhathi ngijwayelana ne-MasterSCADA 4D, ngenkathi i-PLC ihlolwa, ngavakashela iwebhusayithi yomkhiqizi ngenkuthalo futhi ngabona ukuthi banikela ngamaseva abo e-OPC cishe nganoma iyiphi inqubo yokudlulisa idatha. Okwephrothokholi ye-Modbus banikeza okuhlukile I-Master OPC Universal Modbus Server, i.e. uyakwazi ukukhuluma iModbus kuphela.

Ngezansi isithombe-skrini sesixhumi esibonakalayo: kafushane impela, ngokubona kwami, akukho lutho olungadingekile, kodwa mhlawumbe umsebenzisi oyinkimbinkimbi angase aphuthelwe okuthile.

Inguqulo yamahhala ikhawulelwe kumathegi angama-32, kodwa ngifake okuguquguqukayo kwe-Boolean kumarejista futhi ngiyithumele ngethegi eyodwa ye-LONG INT, futhi ku-SCADA sengivele "ngiyihlahlele" ibe yizicucu, iqhinga elincane, ngithemba ukuthi ngeke bangizele. Ngendlela, akuwona wonke ama-scud angafinyelela izingcezu zegama ngalinye, ngakho-ke iresiphi ayiyona yonke indawo.

Kungithathe cishe umzuzu ukuthola umaki wokuqala wohlobo lwe-REAL ngemva kokufaka i-OPC, ngakho angibange ngisabheka okunye, ngajabula ngobulula. Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukuqaphela ukuthi le softhiwe inikezela ngisho nokusetshenziswa kwemibhalo yangokwezifiso yokwamukela idatha, enganweba kakhulu ukusebenza ezandleni ezifanele.

Uhlelo lwe-SCADA

Kulo mbuzo, angisho nje kuphela ukwakhiwa kwendawo enhle nesebenzayo yomsebenzisi, kodwa futhi lula kumthuthukisi, njengoba umdwebi wezinhlelo ophenya imibhalo okungenani imizuzu eyi-15 ngehora ukuze athole ulwazi oludingekayo ulahlekelwa (ngokuqondile). izibalo) kufika emahoreni ama-2 ngosuku, okungama-25% osuku lokusebenza. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi angikuthathi ukukhetha kwami ​​njengokunenhloso ngokuphelele, ngokusekelwe ekunambithekeni nombala, njengoba besho...

Imakethe yasekhaya yezinhlelo ze-SCADA isinika:

• I-SCADA elula
• I-SimpLight
• I-MasterSCADA 4D
• I-ARIES Telemechanika LIGHT
• I-CASCADE

Ngiyavuma, angizange ngibheke okunye, mhlawumbe kukhona okunye. Uma kubhekwa ukuthi ngikhethe, kusho ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kube yimpumelelo. Ake sibheke lezi zinhlelo, sikhumbule izindlela ezichazwe ngenhla:

1. I-CASCADE - Ngokushesha ngithole amaphuzu aphansi kakhulu okubukwayo; angizange ngisho nokulanda ukusatshalaliswa. Izilawuli eziphunyuke kuWin95 zingimise le software.
   Asikho isilinganiso
2. I-ARIES Telemechanika LIGHT - Angizange futhi ngiyilande, kodwa izizathu lapha azikho ku-interface kuphela, nakuba futhi, kubonakala kimi, kushiya okuningi okufanele ukwenze. Okokuqala, imikhiqizo ye-OWEN, ngemva kwesigamu senyanga yokuhlola nokulungisa iphutha le-PLC ngamamojula, inginika ukukhathazeka okufanele mayelana nokwethembeka nokuvumelana nezimo. Futhi okwesibili, lolu hlelo lubekwe njengohlelo lokuqapha nokulawula kumanethiwekhi okusabalalisa amandla, okokuqala nokubaluleke kakhulu. Imboni yokudla ayihambisani neze nezidingo zami (ngisho noma ingenza yonke into, abathengisi basanciphise izethameli ezihlosiwe). Ngakho-ke, by.
   Asikho isilinganiso
3. I-MasterSCADA 4D - ekuboneni kokuqala, lena inketho esobala kakhulu futhi elula. Ake sichaze:
   • Akudingi ukufakwa okuhlukene kweseva ye-OPC uma usebenza ne-OWEN PLC, abashayeli sebengaphakathi kakade
   • Sekukonke, isikhombimsebenzisi esihle futhi esihle, izilawuli nazo ziyi-4/5 eqinile
   • Imvelo yokuklama elula

   Konke kubonakala kukuhle futhi kukuhle, ngicabangele lolu hlelo ngaphandle kwezinketho lapho ngithatha isilawuli, KODWA:

   Ngolunye usuku oluhle ngavula iphrojekthi kumodi ye-RunTime (ukulingiswa komsebenzi), futhi nganginamafasitela angu-4 angenalutho alenga, ngahlikihla amehlo ami, ngavala, ngahlola umphathi wephrojekthi, ngaqala kabusha - into efanayo. Bese kuba uchungechunge lokukhohlisa okujwayelekile njengokuhlaziya izinguquko ezenziwe, ukuqalisa kabusha i-PC, nokunye, okungaholeli emiphumeleni. Iphuzu elibalulekile: Ngibeka ukusabalalisa kuze kube yizinsuku ezingcono, anginaso isifiso sokukuqonda, akuthembeki.

   Isilinganiso: 3.5/5 Ukupakisha okuhle, hhayi ukugcwaliswa okuningi

4. Kulula - Ngiyavuma, ngahlatshwa umxhwele ukusebenza/isilinganiso sezindleko esivela kubhulethini yobuchwepheshe kuwebhusayithi yomkhiqizi. Kukhona i-Web server kanye ne-SMS, i-E-mail kanye namakhasimende amaningi kanye nama-OPC amaningi axhunyiwe, konke lokhu kubiza cishe ama-ruble angu-5000 ngesikhathi sokubhala - amapeni. Futhi uma ungumthuthukisi futhi wenza isicelo esihlukile kuhlu lwemibuzo oluku-inthanethi esizeni, khona-ke bazokuthumela inguqulo yekhithi yokusabalalisa yamathegi angama-200 ngaphandle kwemikhawulo, ngokubona kwami ​​​​kuhle kakhulu. Lokhu kuhlanganisa nakanjani.

   Futhi manje ama-cons:

   Okuyisisekelo: I-IDE iyizinsiza eziningana ezizimele eziye zahlukanisa ukusebenza, ngakho-ke, lapho usebenza kuphrojekthi eyodwa, uzophoqeleka ukuthi ugcine amafasitela angu-3-4 evulekile + usizo + amadokhumenti, okungelula ngisho nakuhlelo lokuqapha okuningi. .

   • Ukubukeka kungaphansi kwesilinganiso, njengokungathi kupendwe ngopende
   • Usizo luyivelakancane kakhulu
   • Umsebenzi ocindezelwe kakhulu, obonakala ngokucacile lapho usetha amathrendi namagrafu
   • Isihleli sombhalo sibonakala ngamaphikseli, yingakho silimaza amehlo
   • Ukusetha amathegi esoftware nakho kuyajabulisa
   • Uma nje ufuna ukuletha iphrojekthi ku-flash drive ukuze ihlelwe kwenye i-PC, lokhu kunzima kakhulu. Isakhiwo sefayela lephrojekthi esingaqondakali
   • Abantu abathengisa bayingxenye enkulu yempilo yakho, okucasulayo.

   Isithombe: Umhleli weskripthi lula

   
   
   Isilinganiso: 3.0/5 Ukugcwaliswa kuhle, akukho ukupakisha nhlobo

5. I-SCADA elula - lokhu kuyisinqumo sami, lapha cishe ngizoba nokuchema, kodwa noma kunjalo. Umkhiqizi unikeza ukukhetha kwezinhlobo ezingu-2 zeDEMO: Ngomkhawulo wamathegi angaphandle angama-64 kanye nokusebenza okuncishisiwe kancane noma ukusebenza ngokugcwele ngomkhawulo wesikhathi sokusebenza wehora elingu-1 (Ngemva kwalokho iseva ye-SCADA kumelwe iqalwe kabusha). Izindleko zekhithi yokusabalalisa emhlanganweni olula ziqala kusuka kuma-ruble angu-6900. ngesikhathi sokuloba.

   
   
   Izinzuzo:

   • Kuhle kakhulu, kokubili i-IDE nezilawuli
   • Ulwazi olucebile, konke kuchazwa ngaphakathi nangaphandle
   • Ukuhlanganiswa okulula kwedatha yeseva ye-OPC
   • I interface elula, ngisho enembile
   • Ukuhlanganiswa okulula kwe-DBMS
   • Ukuze uqalise iklayenti elikude akudingeki ukutholakala kwephrojekthi
   • Ijeneretha yombiko enhle
   • Kuzo zonke izinto kukhona imicimbi efana ne-OnClick, OnMouseEnter, njll. Ngokuvamile, i-IDE ifana nesihleli se-Delphi Embarcadero esenziwe lula, futhi umhleli weskripthi unethiphu yamathuluzi.

   Umthengi:

   • Azikho izilawuli eziningi ezingasetshenziswa (kungenzeka ukuthi udale ezingokwezifiso)
   • Njengoba i-SCADA empeleni iyi-Plug and Play, ngicabanga ukuthi kukhona ukulinganiselwa nokusebenza, kodwa angikaze ngihlangane.
   • Amathrendi anephaneli yokulawula egcwele (sondeza, misa isikhashana, skrola) aboniswa kuphela efasiteleni elihlukile
   • KULUNGILE ukusebenza ngokugcwele ilayisensi kuyodingeka ikhokhwe kahle (kusuka kuma-ruble angama-38000 nangaphezulu)

   Isilinganiso: 4.5/5 Ukugcwalisa kuhle, ukupakisha kuhle

Isizindalwazi

Lapha ukukhetha bekulula kakhulu; I-SCADA elula inikeza imikhiqizo emibili ezosetshenziswa: Iseva ye-MS SQL ne-MySQL. Owesibili kwavela ukuthi wayeseduze kwami, njengoba ngangike ngasebenza naye, ngakho ngama lapho.

Ngiyakwazi ukuqaphela ukuthi konke ukusethwa kwengobo yomlando kwehla ekufakeni iphakheji kusuka ku-Oracle nokucushwa kwayo okulula, bese ixhuma ngokuchofoza okukodwa ku-SCADA.

Bese sikhetha kumphathi womaka ukuthi yini esingayibeka kungobo yomlando nokuthi yini esingakujabuleli.

Siyabonga nonke ngokunaka kwenu.

Okulandelayo kuza uchungechunge lwama-athikili anencazelo engaguquki yesixazululo sezinkinga esihlangabezane nazo, ngenxa yalokho, ukudalwa kohlelo lwesinyathelo ngesinyathelo.

Source: www.habr.com