Inkundla yesandulela yokudala amadivayisi eselula amahhala yethulwe

Andrew Huang (Andrew Huang), isishoshovu esidumile esiwine imiklomelo ngehadiwe yamahhala I-EFF Pioneer Award 2012, kwethulwa inkundla evulekile"Umqashi", eklanyelwe ukudala imiqondo yamadivayisi eselula amasha. Ngokufanayo nendlela i-Raspberry Pi ne-Arduino ekuvumela ngayo ukuthi udale amadivaysi e-Inthanethi Yezinto, I-Precursor ihlose ukunikeza ikhono lokuklama nokuhlanganisa amadivaysi eselula ahlukahlukene ukuze uxazulule izinkinga zakho ngezandla zakho.

Ngokungafani namanye amaphrojekthi, i-Precursor inikeza abathanda hhayi nje ibhodi, kodwa i-prototype esenziwe ngomumo yedivayisi ephathekayo enekesi le-aluminium likala 69 x 138 x 7.2 mm, isikrini se-LCD (336x536), ibhethri (1100 mAh Li-Ion) , ikhibhodi encane, isipikha, injini yokudlidliza, i-accelerometer ne-gyroscope. Imojula yekhompiyutha ayizi nephrosesa esenziwe ngomumo, kodwa ine-SoC echazwe ngesoftware esekelwe ku-Xilinx XC7S50 FPGA, ngesisekelo lapho ukulingiswa kwe-32-bit RISC-V CPU esebenza ngemvamisa ye-100 MHz ihlelekile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, akukho mingcele ekulingiseni ezinye izingxenye ze-hardware, isibonelo, ukusebenza kwamaphrosesa ahlukahlukene, kusukela ku-6502 no-Z-80 kuya ku-AVR ne-ARM, kanye nama-chips omsindo nezilawuli ezihlukahlukene. Ibhodi lihlanganisa 16 MB SRAM, 128 MB Flash, Wi-Fi Silicon Labs WF200C, USB uhlobo C, SPI, I²C, GPIO.

Izici ezihlobene nokuvikeleka zifaka phakathi ubukhona bezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezimbili ezikhiqiza izinombolo ezingahleliwe. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi idivayisi iza ngaphandle kwemakrofoni eyakhelwe ngaphakathi - kuyaqondakala ukuthi ukwamukela umsindo kungenzeka kuphela uma i-headset ixhunywe ngokucacile, futhi uma i-headset inqanyuliwe, akunakwenzeka ngokomzimba ukuhlela ukulalela, ngisho noma idivayisi. isofthiwe ifakwe engcupheni.

I-chip yokuxhumana okungenantambo (i-Wi-Fi) iyihadiwe ehlukanisiwe nengxenyekazi yonke futhi isebenza endaweni ehlukile. Ukuze kuvikelwe ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe, kusetshenziswa ikesi elikhiyekayo, i-RTC ehlukile yokuqapha ubuqotho, nokuqapha ukunyakaza kumodi yokulinda (ihlala iku-accelerometer ne-gyroscope). Kukhona futhi uchungechunge lokuzibhubhisa kanye nokusulwa ngokushesha kwayo yonke idatha, okwenziwa kusebenze kusetshenziswa ukhiye we-AES.

Ulimi lwe-FHDL ​​lusetshenziselwa ukuchaza izingxenye zehadiwe Migen (Ulimi Lwencazelo Yezingxenyekazi Ezihlukene Zekhompyutha), olususelwe kuPython. I-Migen ifakiwe kuhlaka I-LiteX, ehlinzeka ngengqalasizinda yokwakha amasekethe kagesi. I-SoC eyinkomba ilungisiwe ngokusekelwe ku-Precursor esebenzisa i-FPGA ne-LiteX Othenjwayo, okuhlanganisa i-100 MHz VexRISC-V RV32IMAC CPU, kanye nesilawuli esishumekiwe
I-Betrusted-EC enomongo we-18 MHz LiteX VexRISC-V RV32I.

I-Betrusted SoC ihlinzeka ngesethi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi yezinto zokuqala ezifihlakele ezifana nejeneretha yezinombolo ezingahleliwe, i-AES-128, -192, -256 ene-ECB, CBC kanye nezindlela ze-CTR, SHA-2 kanye ne-SHA-512, injini ye-crypto kusekelwe kuma-elliptic curve Curve25519. Injini ye-crypto ibhalwe ku-SystemVerilog futhi isuselwe kuma-crypto kernels asuka kuphrojekthi I-Google OpenTitan.

I-Precursor ibekwe njengenkundla yokudala nokuqinisekisa ama-prototypes, kuyilapho i-Betrusted ingenye yamadivayisi eselula enziwe ngomumo eyakhelwe phezu kwe-Precursor. Njengoba izigcawu zendabuko ezisetshenziselwa isitoreji esisodwa sezikhiye ze-crypto azivikeleli ekuhlaselweni kwezinga eliphezulu njengokuqoqa amagama ayimfihlo usebenzisa ama-keylogger noma ukufinyelela imilayezo ngokuthwebula isithombe-skrini, i-Betrusted yengeza izici zokusebenzisana komsebenzisi ekusetshenzisweni kwe-enclave (HCl,Ukusebenzelana Komuntu Nekhompyutha), ukuqinisekisa ukuthi idatha ebucayi engafundwa umuntu ayilokothi igcinwe, iboniswe, noma idluliselwe ngaphandle kwedivayisi evikelekile.

I-Betrust ayizami ukushintsha umakhalekhukhwini, kodwa kunalokho idala indawo evikelekile enokufakwayo okufundekayo nokukhiphayo. Isibonelo, i-smartphone yangaphandle ingasetshenziswa nge-Wi-Fi njengesiteshi sedatha esingathenjwa, kodwa imilayezo ebethelwe edluliswayo ibhalwa kuphela kukhibhodi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi yedivayisi ye-Betrusted, futhi imilayezo etholiwe iboniswa kuphela esikrinini esakhelwe ngaphakathi. .

Zonke izingxenye ze-Precursor kanye ne-Betrusted ziwumthombo ovulekile futhi ziyatholakala ukuze zilungiswe futhi zihlolwe ngaphansi kwelayisensi Vula ilayisensi ye-Hardware 1.2, edinga ukuthi yonke imisebenzi ephuma kokunye ivulwe ngaphansi kwelayisensi efanayo. Kubandakanya ukuvula схемы kanye nemibhalo ephelele yephrojekthi amabhodi main kanye asizayo, ukuqaliswa okulungile I-SoC ithenjiwe и isilawuli (EC). Amamodeli atholakalela ukuphrinta kwe-3D kwezindlu. Iphinde ithuthuke ngendlela yamaphrojekthi avulekile isethi ye-firmware futhi ezikhethekile isistimu Esebenzayo I-Xous esekelwe ku-microkernel.

Source: opennet.ru