Abahleli bezinhlelo besimanje bangabizwa ngokuthi abathandekayo. Banezindawo zokuthuthuka ezinamandla kanye nezilimi eziningi zokuhlela ezitholakalayo. Futhi eminyakeni engu-30 nje edlule, ososayensi abangashadile nabashisekeli babhala izinhlelo ngisho nakuma-calculator.
Qaphela, kunezithombe eziningi ngaphansi kokusikwa!
Maphakathi nawo-80s, umbuso wenza imizamo eminingi yokwazisa ubuchwepheshe bolwazi. Izindatshana zesayensi zashicilelwa, futhi zonke izigaba ezinikezwe izihloko ze-IT zavela kumamagazini. Ukuze ochwepheshe (ngaleso sikhathi ikakhulukazi babengososayensi), i-USSR Academy of Sciences yanyathelisa iphephabhuku Programming. Asikakhohlwa nangezimfundamakhwela. Ngokwesibonelo, kumagazini othi "Technology for Youth" kwavela ikholomu "Man and Computer", eyayinikezwe incazelo yemigomo emisha kanye nokubuyekezwa kwemishini emisha. Izeluleko zokulwa namagciwane, ukusebenzisa imidiya, njll. nazo zashicilelwa lapho.
Emzamweni wokwandisa ijubane lokuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe bekhompiyutha empilweni yansuku zonke yombuso, iziphathimandla azizange zenze umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwabesifazane nabesilisa. Ngakho-ke, umagazini othi "Rabotnitsa" (ukujikeleza ~ 15 million) wabiza abesifazane ukuba bafunde amakhompiyutha ngokulinganayo namadoda, futhi bafundise le sayensi kumadodakazi abo. Ngo-September 1986, intombazanyana yavela esembozweni sencwadi phambi kwemonitha.
Nakuba ikhompyutha yayimba eqolo, empeleni yayingahlanganiswa ngezingxenye ezithengwe emakethe yomsakazo. Ngakho-ke, izihloko ezilula mayelana namakhompiyutha nezinhlelo zavela ngisho nase-Murzilka!
Ukuthandwa okunjalo kwemishini yamakhompiyutha ngezinye izikhathi kwakuholela ezenzakalweni. Ngokwesibonelo, ephephandabeni i-Trud ngo-1987, kwakunesihloko esasikhuluma ngenhloko ematasa yesistimu yokulawula usimende, eyakhipha izingxenye zenani lama-ruble angu-6 000 ukuze ihlanganise ikhompyutha yomuntu siqu ekhaya. Ngaleso sikhathi, indlu encane eMoscow yayibiza ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyisithupha, nakuba i-VAZ-2106 ibiza nakakhulu - ama-ruble angu-9.
Isihloko sohlelo lwe-amateur siphakanyiswe kaningi emakhasini ezincwadi zesayensi ezidumile ezifana neSayensi Nokuphila (ukujikeleza - 3 million). Kusukela ngo-1985, izihloko zaqala ukunyatheliswa lapho njengengxenye yochungechunge oluthi “Isikole Sokuqala Umklami”. Lezi zihloko zifundise umfundi izisekelo zokudala izinhlelo zama-microcalculator. Kungase kubonakale kumangalisa manje, kodwa ngaleso sikhathi ukuhlela kwakubizwa ngokuthi ubuciko. Ihluke kangakanani le ndlela kulokho okuvame ukubonakala namuhla?"ikhodi!
Ukuze uzicwilise nakakhulu emkhathini wezinhlelo zasekupheleni kwawo-80s, sikulethela ukuskena okuvela kwesinye sezisebenzi ezigcinwe ngokuyisimangaliso. "Isayensi Nokuphila" ka-11.1988. Lesi yisifundo No. 22 sodumo olubi “Isikole Sabahleli Bezinhlelo Abasaqalayo”.
Njengoba besho, funda futhi uqonde
Inguqulo elula kancane yokufunda ingaphakathi . Uma ufuna ukuthola ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nokwenza izinhlelo kuma-calculator, ke .
Yini abanayo?
Ngenkathi kuthuthukiswa izinhlelo ze-amateur e-USSR, izibikezelo zekusasa zazenziwa e-USA. Ngakho-ke, i-Apple yabamba umncintiswano wemibono mayelana nokuthi amakhompyutha azoba njani ngo-2000. Umncintiswano uwinwe yiqembu labafundi baseNyuvesi yase-Illinois. Abakusikiselayo kuchazwe ephepheni eliphuma kuphephabhuku iSayensi Nempilo lango-1988. Usalokhu kutholiwe , kodwa lokho akukwenzi kube mnandi kangako, akunjalo?
Ngiyazibuza ukuthi bangaki abantu manje abangabhala uhlelo besebenzisa amandla anomkhawulo we-microcalculator? Uma unezibonelo eziphumelelayo noma uzame ukuzibhalela into efanayo, sicela wabelane ngamazwana.
Source: www.habr.com