Muva nje, kubonakale sengathi i-Intel ididekile kancane ekubalweni kwezizukulwane zobuchwepheshe bayo benqubo ye-10nm. Ngemuva kokubheka isilayidi esisha esethulweni se-ASML, kuyacaca ukuthi i-Intel ayikhohlwa ngamazibulo ayo ayi-10nm, yize ingathembeli kuwo ngokwentengiso. Sekuvele kunama-laptops emakethe asekelwe kuma-10nm Ice Lake processors, futhi ekuqaleni konyaka ozayo eminye imikhiqizo yamakhasimende ehlobene nesizukulwane esilandelayo sobuchwepheshe be-10nm izokhishwa.
Kulula kakhulu ukulandelela ukuvela kokuhlukaniswa kwezizukulwane zobuchwepheshe benqubo ye-10-nm njengoba kuhunyushwe yi-Intel. Umcimbi wabatshalizimali wangoMeyi ubalule izizukulwane ezintathu zendabuko: eyokuqala yaqanjwa ngo-2019, eyesibili yayibhalwe ukuthi "10nm+" futhi yabhalwa u-2020, kanti eyesithathu yayibhalwe ukuthi "10nm++" ka-2021. Vuliwe UVenkata Renduchintala, obhekele ezobuchwepheshe kanye nezakhiwo zesistimu kwa-Intel, uchaze ukuthi ngisho nangemva kokukhishwa kwemikhiqizo yokuqala ye-7-nm, ubuchwepheshe benqubo ye-10-nm buzoqhubeka buthuthuka, futhi lokhu kuboniswa ngokwanele ngesilayidi esivela ku- Isethulo sikaMeyi.
Kuleli sonto, ukunaka komphakathi kudonswe kwesinye isilayidi, esaboniswa engqungqutheleni ye-IEDM ngabamele i-ASML, inkampani yase-Netherlands ekhiqiza imishini ye-lithography. Egameni le-Intel, lo mlingani we-processor giant wathembisa ukuthi manje ukushintshela esigabeni esilandelayo senqubo yezobuchwepheshe kuzokwenziwa njalo ngemva kweminyaka emibili, futhi ngo-2029 inkampani izoba nekhono lobuchwepheshe be-1,4 nm.
Abamele indawo Sithole “okungenalutho” kwalesi silayidi, lapho ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-10nm kwachazwa ngokulandelana okuhlukile: ukusuka “ku-plus” eyodwa ngo-2019 kuya “kuma-pluses” amabili ngo-2020, bese kuba “ama-pluses” amathathu ngo-2021. Saya kuphi isizukulwane sokuqala sobuchwepheshe benqubo ye-10nm, i-Intel eyisebenzise ngamaqoqwana amancane ukukhiqiza amaphrosesa eselula avela emndenini weCannon Lake, yaya kuphi? Inkampani ayikakhohlwa ngakho, ukuthi nje umugqa wesikhathi kusilayidi awuhlanganisi unyaka ka-2018, lapho kuqala ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo yokuqala ye-Intel ekhiqizwe ngobuningi be-10nm.
Isimemezelo samaphrosesa I-Lakefield iseduze nekhona
I-Venkata Renduchintala ayikhohlwa ngalokhu kulandelana. Ngokusho kwakhe, ekuqaleni konyaka ozayo umkhiqizo wokuqala wesizukulwane se-10-nm ++ uzokhishwa engxenyeni yamakhasimende emakethe. Igama lalo mkhiqizo alidalulwanga, kepha uma ucindezela inkumbulo yakho, ungasungula ukuxhumana nezinhlelo ze-Intel ezimenyezelwe ngaphambilini. Le nkampani ithembise ukuthi ngemuva kwama-processor eselula e-Ice Lake kuzoba namaphrosesa eselula e-Lakefield azoba nesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi se-Foveros futhi azosebenzisa amakristalu angu-10nm anama-computing cores. Ama-core cores amane anezakhiwo ze-Tremont azoba eduze komgogodla owodwa okhiqizayo one-Sunny Cove microarchitecture, kanye nesistimu engaphansi yemifanekiso ye-Gen11 enamayunithi okubulala angu-64 izotholakala eduze.
Manje singasho ukuthi amaprosesa aseLakefield azoba izibulo lesizukulwane esisha sobuchwepheshe benqubo ye-10nm. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, zizosetshenziswa yiMicrosoft emndenini wayo weSurface Neo wamadivayisi eselula. Ekupheleni konyaka ozayo, kuthenjiswa amaphrosesa eselula e-Tiger Lake, azosebenzisa nenguqulo yobuchwepheshe benqubo ye-“10 nm++”. Uma sibuyela ekuhlukaniseni izizukulwane zobuchwepheshe benqubo ye-10nm, isikhulu se-Intel uRobert Swan engqungqutheleni yakamuva ye-Credit Suisse ehlale ebizwa ngokuthi ama-Ice Lake mobile processors isizukulwane sokuqala semikhiqizo ye-10nm, njengokungathi ukhohlwa ngeCannon Lake, ephume okwesibili. ikota yangonyaka odlule. Eqinisweni, kunokungaboni ngaso linye phakathi kwabaphathi abaphezulu be-Intel kulokhu kuchazwa kwendlela yokuvela kwemikhiqizo ye-10nm.
U-Venkata Renduchintala ubonise ukuzibophezela kwakhe “ekubaleni izinombolo okuthathu nokuhlanganisa” ngomunye umxwayiso. Uthe izinkinga ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-10-nm ziye zashintsha isikhathi sokuvela kwemikhiqizo ehambisanayo ngeminyaka emibili kusukela ekuqaleni okwakuhleliwe. Ngo-2013, imikhiqizo yokuqala ye-10nm bekulindeleke ukuthi ivele ngo-2016. Eqinisweni, bethulwa ngo-2018, okuhambisana nokubambezeleka kweminyaka emibili. Izethulo zesimanje ze-Intel zivame ukukhuluma ngokuvela kwemikhiqizo yokuqala eyi-10nm ngo-2019, ebhekisa kumaphrosesa eselula e-Ice Lake kuneCannon Lake.
Endleleni eya ku-10 nm: ubunzima buyaqina kuphela
UDkt. Renduchintala ugcizelele ukuthi inkampani ayizange inyakaze lapho ibhekene nobunzima bokufunda ubuchwepheshe be-10nm, futhi isici sokwanda kwe-transistor density sahlala sinjalo ku-2,7. Kuthathe isikhathi eside ukufunda ubuchwepheshe be-10nm kunalokho obekuhleliwe, kodwa imingcele yezobuchwepheshe yenqubo ngokwayo yagcinwa ngaphandle kwezinguquko. I-Intel ayikakulungeli ukuyeka ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-10nm futhi ishintshele kubuchwepheshe benqubo ye-7nm ngokushesha. Zombili izigaba ze-lithography zizoba khona emakethe ngesikhathi esisodwa isikhathi esithile.
Amaphrosesa weseva ye-Ice Lake azokwethulwa engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka ozayo. Ngokusho kukaRenduchintala, bazodedelwa ngasekupheleni kuka-2020. Ukubukeka kwabo kuzokwandulelwa isimemezelo se-14nm Cooper Lake processors, ezonikela ngama-cores angama-56 nokusekelwa kwamasethi amasha okufundisa. Njengoba ummeleli we-Intel echaza, ngesinye isikhathi, lapho kuklanywa imikhiqizo yokuqala ye-10-nm, kwacaca ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa okuhlongozwayo kwezobuchwepheshe kwakungeke kuhlale ndawonye ngaphandle kwezinkinga, nakuba ukuqaliswa kwabo kubonakala kulula lapho kufundwa isici ngasinye ngokwehlukana. Ubunzima obusebenzayo obavela bubambezele ukubonakala kwemikhiqizo ye-Intel engu-10nm.
Kodwa manje, lapho uklama imikhiqizo emisha, ukukala kwejiyomethri kuzokwenziwa umhlatshelo ukuze kube nokubikezelwa kokusebenza kwesikhathi. I-Intel izinikele ekwazini izinqubo ezintsha zobuchwepheshe njalo eminyakeni emibili noma emibili nengxenye. Isibonelo, ngo-2023, kuzovela imikhiqizo yokuqala engu-5nm, ezokhiqizwa kusetshenziswa i-EUV lithography yesizukulwane sesibili. Ukwenyuka kwemvamisa yezinguquko zenqubo ezingeni lezindleko ezinkulu kuzoxazululwa ithuba lokuphinda kusetshenziswe amathuluzi, ngoba ngemva kokwazi i-EUV lithography ngaphakathi kobuchwepheshe benqubo ye-7-nm, ukuqaliswa okuqhubekayo kwalobu buchwepheshe kuzodinga umzamo omncane.
Source: 3dnews.ru