Ukuhlola amakhono kusetshenziswa izivivinyo - kungani futhi kanjani

Esihlokweni sakhe Ngibheke izindlela eziyisi-7 zokuhlola ngokushesha amakhono ochwepheshe be-IT, angasetshenziswa ngaphambi kokwenza inhlolokhono enkulu, enamandla futhi edla isikhathi. Ngabe sengizwakalisa ukuzwelana kwami ​​nezivivinyo ezinqunyelwe isikhathi. Kulesi sihloko ngizofaka isihloko sokuhlolwa ngokuningiliziwe.

Izivivinyo ezinqunyelwe isikhathi ziyithuluzi elisebenza emhlabeni wonke elifaneleka kahle ukuhlola ulwazi namakhono asebenzayo anoma yimuphi uchwepheshe kunoma yimuphi umsebenzi.

Ngakho-ke, umsebenzi uwukuthi - sinenqwaba yezimpendulo zamakhandidethi esikhaleni, sidinga ukuthola ngokushesha futhi kalula ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana namakhono abantu abazokhethwa kanye nokuhambisana kwabo nezidingo zesikhala sethu. Sifuna ukuqinisekiswa okunjalo kwamakhono amakhandidethi kungathathi isikhathi sethu esiningi, kuthembeke kakhulu futhi kulungele abantu abazongenela ukhetho ukuze bavume ukuqinisekiswa kwethu.

Isixazululo esihle sale nkinga ukuhlolwa okufushane okukhawulelwe isikhathi. Akusona isikhathi lapho ukuhlolwa kuqala ngaso esilinganiselwe, kodwa isikhathi okufanele umfundi aphendule ngaso imibuzo. Isibonelo esijwayelekile sokuhlolwa okunjalo ukuhlolwa kwemithetho yomgwaqo, okuyisigaba sokuqala sokuhlolwa kokuthola izincwadi zokushayela. Udinga ukuphendula imibuzo engama-20 emizuzwini engama-20.

A little ofory

Esihlokweni esedlule Ngikhulume ngemodeli eyingxube yesinqumo se-Homo sapiens ephakanyiswe nguDaniel Kahneman nozakwabo. Ngokwalo mqondo, ukuziphatha komuntu kubuswa izinhlelo ezimbili zokuthatha izinqumo. Isistimu 1 iyashesha futhi iyazenzakalela, iqinisekisa ukuphepha komzimba futhi ayidingi umzamo omkhulu wokwenza isisombululo. Lolu hlelo lufunda ngokusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho umuntu akuthola kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe. Ukunemba kwezinqumo zalesi simiso kuncike ekuhlangenwe nakho komuntu siqu nokuqeqeshwa, futhi isivinini sincike ezicini zesimiso sezinzwa zomuntu ngamunye. Isistimu 2 ihamba kancane futhi idinga umzamo nokugxilisa ingqondo. Usinikeza ukucabanga okuyinkimbinkimbi kanye nencazelo enengqondo, umsebenzi wakhe wembula amandla obuhlakani bomuntu. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kwalolu hlelo kudla kakhulu izinsiza - amandla nokunaka. Ngakho-ke, izinqumo eziningi zenziwa yiSistimu 1 - yile ndlela ukuziphatha komuntu kusebenza ngayo kakhulu. Isistimu 1 ithatha isikhathi eside ukufunda ngenxa yemizamo eyenziwe yi-System 2, kodwa bese inikeza ukusabela okuzenzakalelayo okusheshayo. Isistimu 2 iyisixazululi sezinkinga esisebenza ngezindlela eziningi, kodwa siyanensa futhi siyakhathala ngokushesha. Kungenzeka "ukumpompa" iSistimu 2, kodwa imikhawulo yokuthuthukiswa okungenzeka inesizotha kakhulu futhi kuthatha isikhathi eside futhi kudinga umzamo onzima. “Ukuthuthukisa” Uhlelo 1 ludingeka kakhulu emphakathini wesintu Uma sibheka umuntu onokuhlangenwe nakho kokuthile, lokhu kusho ukuthi uHlelo lwakhe 1 luqeqeshelwe ukuxazulula ngokushesha izinkinga esizidingayo.

Ngibheka ukuhlolwa okukhawulelwe isikhathi njengendlela engcono kakhulu yokuhlola amakhono eSistimu 1 yomuntu othize endaweni ethile yolwazi. Uma sekuqediwe, ukuhlolwa kukuvumela ukuthi uhlole ngokushesha futhi uqhathanise inani elikhulu labafundi. Leli ithuluzi lokufaka kudijithali ukulawula kolwazi namakhono.

Indlela yokwenza ukuhlolwa okuhle?

Inhloso yokuhlolwa okuklanywe kahle ukunquma izinga umuntu ozobhapathizwa aqeqeshwe ngalo ku-System 1 ngolwazi namakhono owadingayo. Ukuze udale ukuhlolwa okunjalo, okokuqala udinga ukunquma ngezihloko namakhono adingekayo, bese udala imibuzo kanye nezinketho zokuphendula.

Ngakho-ke, nansi indlela yami yokulungiselela ukuhlolwa okuhlola ngokunembile nangempumelelo ulwazi namakhono omfundi:

1. Izinketho zemibuzo nezimpendulo kufanele zibe lula. Kuphakathi kokuthi uyayazi impendulo efanele noma awukwazi. Akufanele ufake isidingo sokucabanga okuyinkimbinkimbi kanye nezibalo ekuhlolweni.
2. Ukuhlolwa kufanele kuqedwe phakathi nomkhawulo wesikhathi. Ungakwazi ngisho nokukhawulela isikhathi ocabanga ngaso ngempendulo ngayinye. Uma ikhandidethi engakwazi ukunquma ngempendulo phakathi, yithi, imizuzwana engu-30, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukuthi ukuxoxisana okude kuzomsiza. Kumelwe futhi kube nzima ku-Google impendulo efanele emizuzwaneni engu-30.
3. Imibuzo kufanele ibe mayelana nezinqubo ezidingeka ngempela emsebenzini - hhayi izinto ezicatshangwayo kanye nezithiyori, kodwa ezingokoqobo.
4. Kuyancomeka ukuthi ube nemibuzo eminingana ngesihloko ngasinye esincane. Le mibuzo ingase yehluke kumakhandidethi ahlukene (lokhu kufana nezinguqulo ezihlukene zokuhlolwa esikoleni) noma yonke ibe khona enguqulweni ende yokuhlolwa.
5. Inombolo yemibuzo kanye nesikhathi sokuqeda isivivinyo kumele kuxhunyaniswe ngokuqinile. Linganisa ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukufunda imibuzo bese uphendula ongakhetha kukho. Engeza kulesi sikhathi imizuzwana engu-10-20 kumbuzo ngamunye - lesi yisikhathi sokucabanga nokukhetha impendulo.
6. Kutuswa ukuthi uzame ukuhlolwa kubasebenzi bakho futhi urekhode isikhathi sabo sokuqeda ukuze unqume isikhathi esanele sokuba abazoqeda ukuhlolwa.
7. Ububanzi bokuhlolwa buncike enjongweni yokusetshenziswa kwayo. Ekuhloleni kokuqala kwamakhono, ngokubona kwami, imibuzo eyi-10-30 enomkhawulo wesikhathi wemizuzu emi-5-15 yanele. Ukuze uthole ukuxilonga okuningiliziwe kwamakhono, izivivinyo ezihlala imizuzu engama-30-45 futhi eziqukethe imibuzo engama-50-100 zifanelekile.

Njengesibonelo, nansi isivivinyo engisisungule futhi ngasisebenzisa muva nje lapho ngikhetha abantu abazongenela ukhetho lwe-IT. Imizuzu engu-6 yabelwe ukuqedela ukuhlolwa, isikhathi sasilawulwa ngesandla nange-parole. Wonke amakhandidethi ahloliwe ahlangane ngalesi sikhathi. Kungithathe imizuzu engu-30 ukuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa. docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfL2pUZob2Xq-1taJPwaB2rUifbdKWK4Mk0VREKp5yUZhTQXA/viewform

Ungathatha isivivinyo futhi ekugcineni ungabona lapho wenze khona iphutha. Lapho abantu abakhethiwe benza lolu vivinyo, abazange baboniswe amaphutha; kamuva salungisa amaphutha phakathi nezingxoxo nabakhandidethi abangenzanga amaphutha angaphezu kwama-3.

Amathuluzi

Manje ngidala ukuhlola nezinhlolovo ngisebenzisa i-Google Amafomu - iyithuluzi elilula, elilula, eliguquguqukayo nelimahhala. Kodwa-ke, anginawo umsebenzi othile wokubiza Amafomu e-Google ngethuluzi elihle lokudala izivivinyo. Izikhalo zami eziyinhloko mayelana ne-Google Amafomu:

1. Akukho ukubalwa kwezimali nokulawulwa kwesikhathi esichithwe kukho konke ukuhlolwa kanye nakumbuzo ngamunye. Lokhu kunikeza ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nokuziphatha kwekhandidethi phakathi nokuhlolwa.
2. Njengoba i-Google Amafomu ingaklanyelwe ukuhlola ngokuzenzakalela, izinketho eziningi ezibalulekile ezivivinyweni (ngokwesibonelo, “impendulo yombuzo iyadingeka” kanye “nokushova izimpendulo”) kufanele ichofozwe kumbuzo ngamunye - okudinga isikhathi nokunakwa. Ukuze umbuzo ngamunye ubuzwe esikrinini esihlukile, udinga ukudala izigaba ezihlukene zombuzo ngamunye, futhi lokhu kuholela enanini elikhulu lokuchofoza okwengeziwe.
3. Uma udinga ukwenza uhlolo olusha njengenhlanganisela yezingcezwana ezivela ekuhlolweni okumbalwa okukhona (isibonelo, ukuhlola kukanjiniyela onesitaki esigcwele kuhlanganiswa kusukela engxenyeni yemibuzo ye-frontend ne-backend ngolimi oluthile), lapho-ke kufanele phinda imibuzo mathupha. Ayikho indlela yokukhetha nokukopisha izigaba eziningi noma imibuzo kwelinye ifomu.

Ozakwethu, uma uzazi izixazululo ezingcono kakhulu zokudala izivivinyo, sicela ubhale ngazo kumazwana.

Source: www.habr.com