Imiphumela yevoti elijwayelekile (i-GR, isinqumo esijwayelekile) sabathuthukisi bephrojekthi ye-Debian ababambe iqhaza ekugcineni amaphakheji nokugcina ingqalasizinda ishicilelwe, lapho kucatshangelwe khona udaba lokulethwa kwe-firmware yobunikazi njengengxenye yezithombe zokufakwa ezisemthethweni kanye nokwakhiwa okubukhoma. Iphuzu lesihlanu elithi "Lungisa Inkontileka Yezenhlalakahle yokulethwa kwe-firmware engekho mahhala kusifaki ngokuhlinzekwa kwemihlangano yokufaka iyunifomu" iwine ivoti.
Inketho ekhethiwe ibandakanya ukushintsha i-Debian Social Contract, echaza imigomo eyisisekelo yephrojekthi kanye nezibopho zephrojekthi emphakathini. Esigatshaneni sesihlanu senkontileka yezenhlalakahle, esidinga ukuhambisana nezindinganiso zesofthiwe yamahhala, kuzongezwa inothi ukuthi imidiya esemthethweni ye-Debian ingase ihlanganise i-firmware engeyona ingxenye yesistimu ye-Debian uma lokhu kudingekile ukuze ukusatshalaliswa kusebenze ku-hardware edinga. i-firmware enjalo iyasebenza.
Imidiya esemthethweni yokufaka i-Debian nemifanekiso ebukhoma izofaka amaphakheji asuka esigabeni esithi βnon-free-firmwareβ, lapho izingxenye ezihlobene ne-firmware zikhishwa endaweni yokugcina engakhululekile. Uma unemishini edinga i-firmware yangaphandle ukuze isebenze, ukusetshenziswa kwe-firmware yobunikazi edingekayo kuzovulwa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubasebenzisi abakhetha isofthiwe yamahhala kuphela, esiteji sokulanda bazonikezwa ithuba lokukhubaza ukusetshenziswa kwe-firmware engakhululekile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isifaki nesithombe esibukhoma sizohlinzeka ngolwazi mayelana nokuthi hlobo luni lwe-firmware elayishiwe. Idatha emayelana ne-firmware esetshenzisiwe nayo izogcinwa ohlelweni olufakiwe ukuze umsebenzisi athole ulwazi mayelana ne-firmware esetshenzisiwe kamuva. Uma i-firmware iyadingeka ekusebenzeni kwemishini ngemva kokufakwa, uhlelo luphinde luphakamise ukwengeza inqolobane ye-firmware engeyona mahhala kufayela le-sources.list ngokuzenzakalelayo, okuzokuvumela ukuthi uthole izibuyekezo ze-firmware ezilungisa ubungozi namaphutha abalulekile. Izithombe ezine-firmware yobunikazi zizonikezwa njengemidiya esemthethweni, ezothatha indawo yezithombe ezinikezwe ngaphambilini ngaphandle kwe-firmware yobunikazi.
Udaba lokulethwa kwe-firmware selubalulekile njengoba abakhiqizi bemishini ngokuya ngokuya bephendukela ekusebenziseni i-firmware yangaphandle elayishwe uhlelo lokusebenza, esikhundleni sokuletha i-firmware ngenkumbulo yaphakade kumadivayisi ngokwawo. I-firmware enjalo yangaphandle iyadingeka ezithombeni eziningi zesimanje, umsindo kanye nama-adaptha enethiwekhi. Ngasikhathi sinye, umbuzo wokuthi ukulethwa kwe-firmware yokuphathelene kuhlotshaniswa kanjani nesidingo sokuhlinzeka ngesoftware yamahhala kuphela ekwakhiweni okuyinhloko kwe-Debian awucacile, njengoba i-firmware isetshenziswa kumadivayisi wehadiwe, hhayi ohlelweni, futhi ihlobene nemishini. . Amakhompyutha esimanje, afakwe ngisho nangokusabalaliswa kwamahhala, asebenzisa i-firmware eyakhelwe kumishini. Umehluko kuphela ukuthi enye i-firmware ilayishwe uhlelo lokusebenza, kanti ezinye sezivele zikhanya ku-ROM noma kwimemori ye-Flash.
Kuze kube manje, i-firmware yokuphathelene ibingafakiwe ezithombeni ezisemthethweni zokufakwa kwe-Debian futhi inikezwe endaweni yokugcina ehlukile engekho mahhala. Imihlangano yokufaka ene-firmware yokuphathelene inesimo esingekho emthethweni futhi isakazwa ngokuhlukana, okuholela ekudidekeni futhi kudala ubunzima kubasebenzisi, ngoba ezimweni eziningi ukusebenza okugcwele kwemishini yesimanje kungafinyelelwa kuphela ngemva kokufaka i-firmware yobunikazi. Iphrojekthi ye-Debian iphinde yabandakanyeka ekulungiseleleni nasekugcinweni kwemihlangano engekho emthethweni ene-firmware yokuphathelene, eyayidinga izindleko ezengeziwe zezinsiza ekuhlanganiseni, ekuhloleni nasekuthumeleni imihlangano engekho emthethweni ephindaphindeka leyo esemthethweni.
Kuvele isimo lapho ukwakhiwa okungekho emthethweni kungcono kakhulu kumsebenzisi uma efuna ukuzuza ukwesekwa okuvamile kwemishini yakhe, futhi ukufaka ukwakhiwa okusemthethweni okunconyiwe kuvame ukuholela ezinkingeni ngokusekelwa kwehadiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwemihlangano engekho emthethweni kuphazamisa ukufeza inhloso yokuletha isofthiwe yomthombo ovulekile kuphela futhi ngokungazi kuholela ekwandiseni isofthiwe yobunikazi, njengoba umsebenzisi, kanye ne-firmware, iphinde ithole indawo yokugcina engakhululekile nezinye ezingezona. isofthiwe yamahhala.
Source: opennet.ru