Isiqephu 55 Amakhompyutha angu-500 asebenza kahle kakhulu emhlabeni. Isilinganiso sikaJuni siphakanyiswe umholi omusha - iqoqo laseJapan , ephawuleka ngokusebenzisa kwayo ama-ARM processors.
Iqoqo le-Fugaku e-Institute of Physical and Chemical Research futhi inikeza ukusebenza kwama-petaflops angu-415.5, okungaphezu kuka-2.8 kunomholi wesilinganiso sangaphambilini, esiphushelwe endaweni yesibili. Iqoqo lihlanganisa ama-node asekelwe ku-158976 SoC , ifakwe i-48-core CPU Armv8.2-A SVE (512 bit SIMD) nefrikhwensi yewashi engu-2.2GHz. Sekukonke, iqoqo linama-processor cores angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-7 (okuphindwe kathathu kunomholi wesilinganiso sangaphambilini), cishe i-5 PB ye-RAM kanye ne-150 PB yesitoreji esabiwe ngokusekelwe ku-Luster FS. I-Red Hat Enterprise Linux isetshenziswa njengesistimu yokusebenza.
Izindawo kusukela kweyesibili kuya kweyesihlanu zivikelwe abaholi bangaphambilini, abathathe izindawo zokuqala kuya kwezine ohlwini lwangoNovemba:
- Indawo yesibili - iqoqo ngu-IBM e-Oak Ridge National Laboratory (USA). Iqoqo lisebenzisa i-Red Hat Enterprise Linux futhi lihlanganisa ama-processor cores ayizigidi ezingu-2.4 (esebenzisa ama-22-core IBM Power9 22C 3.07GHz CPUs nama-accelerator e-NVIDIA Tesla V100), ahlinzeka ngokusebenza kwama-petaflops angu-148.
- Indawo yesithathu - iqoqo laseMelika , efakwe e-Livermore National Laboratory yi-IBM ngesisekelo seplatifomu efana neNgqungquthela futhi ebonisa ukusebenza kuma-petaflops angu-94 (cishe ama-cores ayizigidi ezingu-1.5).
- Indawo yesine - iqoqo lamaShayina , esebenza e-National Supercomputing Center yase-China, okuhlanganisa amakhompiyutha angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-10 futhi ebonisa ukusebenza kwama-petaflops angu-93. Ngaphandle kwezinkomba zokusebenza ezifanayo, iqoqo laseSierra lisebenzisa uhhafu wamandla njengeSunway TaihuLight.
- Indawo yesihlanu - iqoqo lamaShayina , okuhlanganisa cishe ama-cores ayizigidi ezingu-5 futhi ebonisa ukusebenza kwama-petaflops angu-61.
Amaqoqo amasha athathe indawo yesithupha neyesikhombisa (Italy, Dell EMC, 35 petaflops, 669 ayizinkulungwane cores) kanye (I-USA, ama-petaflops angama-27, ama-cores ayizinkulungwane ezingama-277), athatha indawo yeqoqo laseMelika (Dell EMC, 23 petaflops, 448 thousand cores) endaweni yesishiyagalombili. Iqoqo elisha lase-Italy lithathe indawo yesishiyagalolunye (IBM, 21.6 petaflops, 347 thousand cores), kanti eyeshumi iqoqo laseSwitzerland (Cray/HPE, 21.2 petaflops, 387 thousand cores), ethathe indawo yesi-6 kuzinga langaphambilini.
Amathrendi athakasela kakhulu:
- Iqoqo lasekhaya (6.6 petaflops, Ubuntu 18.04.01/2/8168, eyakhiwe yi-Sberbank kuplathifomu ye-NVIDIA DGX-24, isebenzisa i-Xeon Platinum 2.7 99600C 6GHz CPU futhi inama-computing cores angu-29) isuke endaweni yama-36 yaya kwengama-2 ekulethweni ngezinyanga ezingu-107. Elinye iqoqo lasekhaya, iLomonosov 131, lisuke ku-XNUMX laya endaweni engu-XNUMX. Iqoqo phakathi , ekleliswe endaweni yama-465, yakhishwa esikhundleni. Ngakho-ke, inani lamaqoqo asekhaya asezingeni elingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha lehla lisuka ku-3 laya ku-2 (ngo-2017 kwakukhona ama-5 esilinganisweni. , futhi ngo-2012 - 12);
- Ukusatshalaliswa ngenombolo yamakhompyutha amakhulu emazweni ahlukene:
- I-China: 226 (228 izinyanga eziyisithupha ezedlule). Sekukonke, amaqoqo aseShayina akhiqiza i-45.2 yomkhiqizo ophelele (izinyanga eziyisithupha ezedlule - 31.9%);
- E-USA: 114 (117). Ukukhiqiza okuphelele kulinganiselwa ku-22.8% (ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ezedlule - 37.8%);
- EJapane: 29 (29);
- eFrance: 19 (18);
- EJalimane: 16 (16);
- E-Netherlands: 15 (15);
- I-Ireland: 14 (14);
- eCanada 12 (9);
- E-UK: 10 (11);
- I-Italy: 7 (5);
- EBrazil: 4 (3);
- Singapore 4 (4);
- INingizimu Korea, iSaudi Arabia, iNorway: 3;
- I-Russia, India, Australia, UAE, Switzerland, Sweden, Finland, Taiwan: 2.
- Esilinganisweni sezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisetshenziswa kuma-supercomputers, i-Linux kuphela esele iminyaka emithathu;
- Ukusatshalaliswa ngokusatshalaliswa kwe-Linux (kubakaki - izinyanga eziyi-6 ezedlule):
- U-54.4% (49.6%) awunayo imininingwane yokusabalalisa,
- U-24.6% (26.4%) usebenzisa i-CentOS,
- 6.8% (6.8%) - Cray Linux,
- 6% (4.8%) - RHEL,
- 2.6% (3%) - SUSE,
- 2.2% (2%) - Ubuntu;
- 0.2% (0.4%) - I-Linux Yesayensi
- Umkhawulo omncane wokusebenza wokungena ku-Top500 ezinyangeni eziyisi-6 ukhuphuke usuka ku-1142 waya ku-1230 teraflops (ngonyaka odlule, amaqoqo angama-272 kuphela abonise ukusebenza okungaphezu kwe-petaflop, eminyakeni emibili edlule - 138, eminyakeni emithathu edlule - 94). Ku-Top100, umkhawulo wokungena ukhuphuke ukusuka ku-2570 kuya ku-2801 teraflops;
- Ukusebenza okuphelele kwawo wonke amasistimu esilinganisweni kukhuphuke phakathi nonyaka kusuka ku-1.65 kuya ku-2.23 ama-exaflops (eminyakeni emithathu edlule bekungama-petaflops angama-749). Uhlelo oluvala izinga lamanje lwalusendaweni yama-449 kumagazini wokugcina, kanye nesama-348 ngonyaka owandulele;
- Ukusatshalaliswa okujwayelekile kwenani lama-supercomputers ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomhlaba kungokulandelayo:
Ama-supercomputer angama-272 atholakala e-Asia (izinyanga ezingama-274 - eziyisithupha ezedlule),
126 eNyakatho Melika (129) kanye 96 eYurophu (94), 4 eNingizimu Melika kanye 2 e-Oceania (3); - Njengesisekelo sokucubungula, ama-Intel CPU ahamba phambili - 93.8% (ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ezedlule bekungama-94%), endaweni yesibili i-IBM Power - 2.6% (kusuka ku-2.8%), endaweni yesithathu i-AMD - 2.2% (0.6% ), endaweni yesine kukhona i-ARM (Marvell ThunderX2 ne-Fujitsu A64FX) - 0.8%, kweyesihlanu i-SPARC64 - 0.2% (0.6%). Ngokokuqala ngqa esilinganisweni, kwethulwe iqoqo elisekelwe kuma-ARM processors, elathatha indawo yokuqala ngokushesha.
- I-37.4% (izinyanga ezingu-35.6 ezedlule 20%) yawo wonke ama-processor asetshenzisiwe anezinhlamvu ezingu-12.2, 13.8% (16%) - 10.6 cores, 24% - XNUMX cores,
10.4% (11%) - 18 cores, 9.8% (11.2%) - 12 cores, 7% (7.8%) - 14 cores; - Amasistimu angu-145 kwangu-500 (ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ezedlule - 144) aphinde asebenzise ama-accelerator noma ama-coprocessors, kuyilapho amasistimu angu-135 esebenzisa ama-NVIDIA chips (ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ezedlule abengu-135), 6 - Intel Xeon Phi (bekukhona 5), ββ1 - PEZY (1) , 1 isebenzisa izixazululo eziyingxube (ngaphambili engu-1), i-1 isebenzisa i-Matrix-2000 (1), i-1 GPU AMD Vega (1);
- Phakathi kwabakhiqizi bamaqoqo, uLenovo wathatha indawo yokuqala - 36% (izinyanga ezingu-34.8 ezedlule XNUMX%), endaweni yesibili
USugon 13.6% (14.2%), endaweni yesithathu i-Inspur - 12.8% (13.2%), indawo yesine ibanjwe nguHewlett-Packard - 7.6% (7%), kulandele uCray 7.2%, Atos - 5.2% (4.6%) , Fujitsu 2.6% (2.6%), IBM 2.4 (2.6%), Dell EMC 2% (2.2%), NVIDIA 1.4% (1.2%), Huawei 1.4% (2%),
I-Penguin Computing - 1.2% (2.2%). Eminyakeni emithathu edlule, ukusatshalaliswa phakathi abakhiqizi kwaba kanje: Hewlett-Packard 28.6% (22.4%), endaweni yesibili Lenovo 17% (18.4%), endaweni yesithathu Cray 11.4% (11.2%), endaweni yesine I-Sugon 9.2% (9.4%), endaweni yesihlanu i-IBM 5.4% (6.6%). - I-Ethernet isetshenziselwa ukuxhuma ama-node ku-52.6% wamaqoqo (izinyanga ezingu-52 ezedlule 30.4%), i-InfiniBand - 28% (9.8%), i-Omnipath - 10% (52.6%). Uma sicabangela ukusebenza okuphelele, khona-ke amasistimu asekelwe ku-Ethernet amboza u-29% (500%) wengqikithi yokusebenza kwe-Top30.4, i-InfiniBand - 40% (9.8%), i-Omnipath - XNUMX%.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukukhishwa okusha kwesinye isilinganiso sezinhlelo zeqoqo kuyatholakala , egxile ekuhloleni ukusebenza kwezinkundla zamakhompiyutha amakhulu ahlobene nokulingisa izinqubo ezingokoqobo nemisebenzi yokucubungula amanani amakhulu edatha evamile kumasistimu anjalo. Isilinganiso ngokwehlukana ngaphezulu futhi ihlanganiswe ne-Top500, njengoba kusenjalo ukusebenza kahle kwamandla esilinganisweni esiyinhloko se-Top500 (isilinganiso se-LINPACK FLOPS ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla kuma-watts siyacatshangelwa).
Source: opennet.ru