Ngemuva kweminyaka emibili yokuthuthuka, i-Debian GNU/Linux 11.0 (Bullseye) isiyatholakala ngezakhiwo eziyisishiyagalolunye ezisekelwa ngokusemthethweni: Intel IA-32/x86 (i686), AMD64 / x86-64, ARM EABI (armel), 64-bit ARM ( arm64 ), ARMv7 (armhf), mipsel, mips64el, PowerPC 64 (ppc64el), kanye ne-IBM System z (s390x). Izibuyekezo ze-Debian 11 zizokhishwa esikhathini esiyiminyaka emi-5.
Izithombe zokufaka ziyatholakala ukuze zilandwe, ezingalandwa nge-HTTP, i-jigdo noma i-BitTorrent. Isithombe esingekho emthethweni sokufaka esingakhululekile naso senziwe, esifaka i-firmware yobunikazi. Okwezakhiwo ze-amd64 ne-i386, kukhona ama-LiveUSB atholakala ku-GNOME, KDE, kanye ne-Xfce ehlukahlukene, kanye ne-DVD yezakhiwo eziningi ehlanganisa amaphakheji eplatifomu ye-amd64 namaphakheji engeziwe okwakhiwa kwe-i386.
Inqolobane iqukethe amaphakheji kanambambili angu-59551 (amaphakheji omthombo angu-42821), okungamaphakheji angu-1848 angaphezu kwalawo anikezwa nge-Debian 10. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Debian 10, amaphakheji kanambambili angu-11294 angeziwe, amaphakheji kanambambili angu-9519 (16%) asusiwe, 42821 abuyekeziwe (72%) amaphakheji. Isamba sikasayizi wayo yonke imibhalo yomthombo enikezwayo ekusabalaliseni imigqa yekhodi engu-1. Abathuthukisi abangama-152 babambe iqhaza ekulungiseleleni ukukhishwa.
Kumaphakheji angama-95.7%, ukusekelwa kokwakhiwa okuphindaphindekayo kunikezwa, okukuvumela ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi ifayela elisebenzisekayo lakhiwe ncamashi emithonjeni emenyezelwe futhi aliqukethe izinguquko ezingaphandle, ukushintshwa kwazo, ngokwesibonelo, kungenziwa ngokuhlasela yakha ingqalasizinda noma amabhukumaka kumdidiyeli.
Izinguquko ezibalulekile ku-Debian 11.0:
- I-Linux kernel ibuyekezelwe enguqulweni engu-5.10 (i-Debian 10 ethunyelwe i-kernel 4.19).
- Kubuyekeziwe isitaki sezithombe nendawo yabasebenzisi: GNOME 3.38, KDE Plasma 5.20, LXDE 11, LXQt 0.16, MATE 1.24, Xfce 4.16. Ihhovisi le-LibreOffice suite libuyekeziwe ukuze likhulule i-7.0, kanye neCalligra ukuze ikhulule i-3.2. Kubuyekeziwe i-GIMP 2.10.22, Inkscape 1.0.2, Vim 8.2.
- Izinhlelo zokusebenza zeseva ezibuyekeziwe, ezihlanganisa i-Apache httpd 2.4.48, BIND 9.16, Dovecot 2.3.13, Exim 4.94, Postfix 3.5, MariaDB 10.5, nginx 1.18, PostgreSQL 13, Samba 4.13, OpenSSH 8.4.
- Amathuluzi okuthuthukisa abuyekeziwe GCC 10.2, LLVM/Clang 11.0.1, OpenJDK 11, Perl 5.32, PHP 7.4, Python 3.9.1, Rust 1.48, Glibc 2.31.
- Amaphakheji e-CUPS kanye ne-SANE anikeza ikhono lokuphrinta nokuskena ngaphandle kokuqala kokufaka izishayeli kumaphrinta nezikena ezixhunywe kusistimu ngembobo ye-USB. Imodi ye-Driverless isekelwa amaphrinta asekela iphrothokholi ye-IPP Yonke indawo, kanye nezikena - i-eSCL ne-WSD protocol (kusetshenziswa i-sane-escl kanye ne-sane-airscan backends). Ukuze uxhumane nedivayisi ye-USB njengephrinta yenethiwekhi noma isikena, inqubo yangemuva ye-ipp-usb nokusetshenziswa kwephrothokholi ye-IPP-over-USB iyasetshenziswa.
- Umyalo omusha "ovuliwe" wengeziwe ukuze uvule ifayela ohlelweni oluzenzakalelayo lohlobo lwefayela olushiwo. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, umyalo uhlotshaniswa nensizakalo ye-xdg-open, kodwa futhi ungaxhunywa kusibambi se-run-mailcap, esicabangela ukubophezela kwesistimu engaphansi kokubuyekeza uma iqala.
- i-systemd isebenzisa isigaba esisodwa seqembu elihlanganisiwe (iqembu v2) ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ama-Cgroups v2 angasetshenziswa, isibonelo, ukukhawulela inkumbulo, i-CPU, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-I/O. Umehluko oyinhloko phakathi kwamaqoqo v2 kanye ne-v1 ukusetshenziswa kwesigaba samaqoqo esivamile kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinsiza, esikhundleni sezigaba ezihlukene zokwabiwa kwe-CPU, ukuphathwa kwememori, kanye ne-I/O. Izigaba ezihlukene ziholele ebunzimeni ekuhleleni ukusebenzisana phakathi kwabaphathi kanye nasezindlekweni ezengeziwe zezinsiza ze-kernel lapho kusetshenziswa imithetho yenqubo eshiwo ezigabeni ezihlukene. Kulabo abangahlosile ukushintshela ku-cgroup v2, ithuba lokuqhubeka nokusebenzisa amaqoqo v1 linikeziwe.
- i-systemd inikwe amandla ukugawulwa kwemithi okuhlukene (isevisi ye-systemd-journald inikwe amandla), egcinwa ku-/var/log/journal/ directory futhi akuthinti ukugawulwa kwemithi kwendabuko okugcinwa yizinqubo ezifana ne-rsyslog (abasebenzisi manje sebengakwazi ukususa i-rsyslog futhi bathembele kuphela ku-systemd - ishicilelwe). Ngokungeziwe eqenjini le-systemd-journal, abasebenzisi beqembu le-adm bayakwazi ukufunda ulwazi oluvela kujenali. Usekelo lokuhlunga okuvamile kwengezwe kuhlelo lokusebenza lwe-journalctl.
- Umshayeli omusha wesistimu yefayela le-exFAT unikwe amandla ngokuzenzakalelayo ku-kernel, engasadingi ukufakwa kwephakheji ye-exfat-fuse. Iphakheji ihlanganisa nephakheji ye-exfatprogs enesethi entsha yezinsiza zokudala nokuhlola uhlelo lwefayela le-exFAT (isethi endala ye-exfat-utils nayo iyatholakala ukuze ifakwe, kodwa ayinconywa ukuthi isetshenziswe).
- Ukwesekwa okusemthethweni kwe-architecture ye-mips kunqanyuliwe.
- I-password hashing isebenzisa yescrypt esikhundleni se-SHA-512 ngokuzenzakalelayo.
- Kwengezwe amandla okusebenzisa ikhithi yamathuluzi yokuphatha iziqukathi zePodman ezihlukanisiwe, okuhlanganisa nokumiselela okusobala kwe-Docker.
- Kushintshwe ifomethi yemigqa kufayela /etc/apt/sources.list elihlobene nokuqedwa kwezinkinga zokuphepha. Imigqa yezibuyekezo ezingu-{dist} iqanjwe kabusha ukuze ithi {dist}-security. Ku-sources.list, kuvunyelwe ukuhlukanisa amabhulokhi "[]" anezikhala eziningi.
- Iphakheji ihlanganisa abashayeli be-Panfrost ne-Lima, abahlinzeka ngokusekela kwe-Mali GPUs esetshenziswa kumabhodi anamaphrosesa asekelwe ekwakhiweni kwe-ARM.
- I-intel-media-va-driver isetshenziselwa ukusebenzisa ukusheshisa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha zevidiyo ezinikezwa yi-Intel GPUs ngokusekelwe ku-Broadwell microarchitecture kanye nakamuva.
- I-Grub2 yengeza ukusekelwa kwendlela ye-SBAT (UEFI Secure Boot Advanced Targeting), exazulula izinkinga zokuhoxiswa kwesitifiketi se-UEFI Secure Boot.
- Isifaki sesithombe manje sakhela nge-libinput esikhundleni somshayeli we-evdev, okuthuthukisa ukwesekwa kwephedi yokuthinta. Kuvunyelwe ukusetshenziswa kohlamvu lwe-underscore egameni lomsebenzisi elishiwo ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwe-akhawunti yokuqala. Ukufakwa okuhlinzekiwe kwamaphakheji okusekela amasistimu e-virtualization uma asebenza ezindaweni ezingaphansi kokulawula kwawo kutholwa. Kubandakanye itimu entsha ethi Homeworld.
- Isifaki sinikeza amandla okufaka ideskithophu ye-GNOME Flashback, eqhubeka nokuthuthukiswa kwekhodi yephaneli ye-GNOME yakudala, umphathi wewindi le-Metacity, nama-applet ayetholakala ngaphambilini njengengxenye yemodi yokubuyela emuva ye-GNOME 3.
- Ukwesekwa okwengeziwe kwe-UEFI ne-Secure Boot kuhlelo lokusebenza lwe-win32-loader, elikuvumela ukuthi ufake i-Debian kusuka ku-Windows ngaphandle kokudala imidiya yokufaka ehlukile.
- Ngokwakhiwa kwe-ARM64, kusetshenziswa isifaki esinesithombe.
- Kungezwe ukusekelwa kwamabhodi we-ARM namadivayisi puma-rk3399, Orange Pi One Plus, ROCK Pi 4 (A,B,C), Banana Pi BPI-M2-Ultra, Banana Pi BPI-M3, NanoPi NEO Air, FriendlyARM NanoPi NEO Plus2, I-Pinebook, i-Pinebook Pro, i-Olimex A64-Olinuxino, i-A64-Olinuxino-eMMC, i-SolidRun LX2160A Honeycomb, i-Clearfog CX, i-SolidRun Cubox-i Solo/DualLite, i-Turris MOX, i-Librem 5 ne-OLPC XO-1.75.
- Kunqanyulwe ukuthwebula kwe-CD eyodwa nge-Xfce, futhi kuyekwa ukudalwa kwe-DVD ye-ISO yesi-2 neyesithathu yezinhlelo ze-amd3/i64.
Source: opennet.ru