Ukukhishwa kokusabalalisa kwe-Linux Mint 21.1

Ukukhishwa kwekhithi yokusabalalisa ye-Linux Mint 21.1 kwethulwe, kuqhutshekwa nokuthuthukiswa kwegatsha okusekelwe kusisekelo sephakheji le-Ubuntu 22.04 LTS. Ukusabalalisa kuhambisana ngokugcwele no-Ubuntu, kodwa kwehluka kakhulu endleleni yokuhlela isixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi kanye nokukhethwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezizenzakalelayo. Onjiniyela be-Linux Mint bahlinzeka ngendawo yedeskithophu elandela amakhenoni akudala enhlangano yedeskithophu, ejwayeleke kakhulu kubasebenzisi abangazamukeli izindlela ezintsha zokwakha isixhumi esibonakalayo se-GNOME 3. I-DVD yakheka ngokusekelwe ku-MATE 1.26 (2.1 GB), Cinnamon 5.6 ( 2.1 GB) kanye ne-Xfce 4.16 (2 GB). I-Linux Mint 21 ihlukaniswa njengokukhululwa kokusekelwa kwesikhathi eside (LTS), okuzokwenziwa kuzo izibuyekezo kuze kube ngu-2027.

Izinguquko ezinkulu ku-Linux Mint 21.1 (MATE, Cinnamon, Xfce):

• Ukwakhiwa kuhlanganisa ukukhululwa okusha kwemvelo yedeskithophu I-Cinnamon 5.6, ukuklama nokuhleleka komsebenzi lapho uqhubeka nokuthuthukiswa kwemibono ye-GNOME 2 - umsebenzisi unikezwa ideskithophu kanye nephaneli enemenyu, indawo yokuqalisa ngokushesha, a Uhlu lwamawindi avuliwe kanye nethreyi yesistimu enama-applet asebenzayo. I-Cinnamon isekelwe kubuchwepheshe be-GTK kanye ne-GNOME 3. Le phrojekthi ithuthukisa i-GNOME Shell kanye nomphathi wewindi le-Mutter ukuze anikeze indawo ye-GNOME yesitayela 2 enomklamo wesimanjemanje kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezivela ku-GNOME Shell, okuhambisana nolwazi lwakudala lwedeskithophu. I-Xfce ne-MATE yedeskithophu editions ngomkhumbi nge-Xfce 4.16 kanye ne-MATE 1.26.

  Izinguquko ezinkulu kuCinnamon 5.6:

  • I-applet yebha yeKhona yengeziwe, etholakala kwesokudla sephaneli futhi yathatha indawo ye-applet yedeskithophu yokubonisa, esikhundleni salokho okukhona manje isihlukanisi phakathi kwenkinobho yemenyu nohlu lomsebenzi.

    I-applet entsha ikuvumela ukuthi ubophe izenzo zakho ekucindezeleni izinkinobho zegundane ezihlukene, isibonelo, ungabonisa okuqukethwe kwedeskithophu ngaphandle kwamafasitela, ubonise amadeskithophu, noma ushayele izixhumanisi zokushintsha phakathi kwamawindi namadeskithophu abonakalayo. Ukuyibeka ekhoneni lesikrini kwenza kube lula ukubeka isikhombi segundane ku-applet. I-applet futhi yenza kube lula ukubeka amafayela ngokushesha kudeskithophu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi mangaki amafasitela avuliwe, ngokuvele uhudule amafayela adingekayo endaweni ye-applet.

    
  • Kumphathi wefayela le-Nemo, kwimodi yokubuka uhlu lwamafayela anezithonjana ezivezwayo zamafayela akhethiwe, igama kuphela eligqanyisiwe manje, futhi isithonjana sihlala sinjengoba sinjalo.
  • Izithonjana ezimele ideskithophu manje sezizungeziswa ziqonde.
  • Kumphathi wefayela le-Nemo, ukuqaliswa komugqa wendlela yefayela kuthuthukisiwe. Ukuchofoza umzila wamanje manje kushintsha iphaneli ibe imodi yokufaka yendawo, futhi ukuzulazula okuqhubekayo ezinhlwini zemibhalo kubuyisela iphaneli yokuqala. Ifonti ye-monospace isetshenziselwa ukubonisa amadethi.
  • Into yokuya kuzilungiselelo zesikrini yengezwe kumenyu yokuqukethwe eboniswa lapho uchofoza kwesokudla kudeskithophu.
  • Inkambu yokusesha yengeziwe kuzilungiselelo zesinqamuleli sekhibhodi.
  • Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifakiwe zihlukaniswe ngezigaba.
  • Kungenzeka ukumisa ubude besikhathi bezaziso.
  • Izinqamuleli zekhibhodi zokushintsha izaziso namandla okuphatha engeziwe ku-applet ye-inhibit.
  • Uhlu lwetimu luhlelwa ukuze luhlukanise amatimu amnyama, akhanyayo, nawefa.
  • Imodi yokubeka iwindi ibuyisiwe, eyasuswa ngesikhathi sokusebenza kabusha kwe-mutter kuCinnamon 5.4.
• Ngokuzenzakalelayo, izithonjana ze-“Ikhaya”, “Ikhompyutha”, “Udoti” kanye “Nenethiwekhi” zifihliwe kudeskithophu (ungazibuyisela ngezilungiselelo). Isithonjana esithi “Ekhaya” sathathelwa indawo inkinobho ephanelini kanye nesigaba esinezintandokazi kumenyu eyinhloko, futhi izithonjana ze-“Computer”, “Doti” kanye “Nenethiwekhi” azivamile ukusetshenziswa futhi zifinyeleleka ngokushesha ngesiphathi sefayela. Amadrayivu akhweziwe, isithonjana sokufaka, namafayela atholakala kunkomba ethi ~/Desktop asaboniswa kudeskithophu.
• Kungezwe izinketho ezengeziwe zemibala yokuphimisa esetshenziselwa ukugqamisa izinto ezisebenzayo (iphimbo).
• Ukusetshenziswa kwemibala ye-accent kumaphaneli namamenyu kuyekiwe. Umbala wezithonjana zohla lwemibhalo ushintshiwe wabaphuzi. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, esikhundleni sohlaza, umbala ogqamile uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ukuze ubuyisele idizayini endala (njengaku-Linux Mint 20.2), itimu ehlukile ethi “Mint-Y-Legacy” ihlongozwa.
• Izilungiselelo zinikeza ikhono lokukhetha imibala engafanele yokuklama.
• Kuphakanyiswe idizayini yesikhombi segundane esisha futhi isethi yezinye izikhombi yengeziwe.
• Isethi emisiwe yemiphumela yomsindo ishintshiwe. Imiphumela emisha ibolekwe kusethi ye-Material Design V2.
• Kwengezwe ezinye izingqikithi zezithonjana. Ngaphezu kwezindikimba ze-Mint-X, i-Mint-Y ne-Mint Legacy, izingqikithi ze-Breeze, i-Papirus, i-Numix ne-Yaru nazo ziyatholakala.
• Isiphathi sedivayisi senziwe saba sesimanjemanje, manje esisebenza ngaphansi komsebenzisi ongenalungelo futhi asidingi iphasiwedi. Idizayini yesikrini eboniswa lapho usebenza kumodi engaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi ishintshiwe. Isikrini esiboniswa lapho kutholwa idrayivu ye-USB noma ye-DVD enabashayeli naso sishintshiwe. Ukufakwa kwabashayeli bama-adaptha angenawaya e-Broadcom kwenziwe lula.
• Kunikezwe ukwesekwa okulungile kwe-Debconf, okudingekayo lapho ufaka abashayeli be-NVIDIA abanemodi ye-SecureBoot esebenzayo. Izinguquko zenziwa ku-Packagekit ukuze kukhishwe amaphakheji kanye namafayela okumisa asetshenziswa kusiphathi sedivayisi lapho kususwa abashayeli, okuxazulule izinkinga nabashayeli be-NVIDIA lapho befuduka besuka kwelinye igatsha beya kwelinye.
• Umphathi wokubuyekeza wengeze ukusekelwa kwamaphakheji ngefomethi ye-Flatpak kanye namasethi esikhathi sokusebenza ahlobene, manje angabuyekezwa ngendlela efanayo namaphakheji avamile.
• Izinguquko zenziwe kusixhumi esibonakalayo semenenja yohlelo lokusebenza ukuze kuhlukaniswe ngokucacile i-Flatpak namaphakheji esistimu. Ukwengezwa okuzenzakalelayo kwamaphakheji amasha kukhathalogi ye-Flathub kunikezwa.

  Kungenzeka ukukhetha inguqulo uma uhlelo lokusebenza olufunayo lutholakala endaweni yokugcina evamile kanye nefomethi ye-Flatpak.

  
• Kwengezwe ithuluzi lokuhlola ubuqotho bezithombe ze-ISO, elingabizwa ngemenyu yokuqukethwe. Ku-Linux Mint ne-Ubuntu, amafayela e-GPG kanye nokuhlola kwe-SHA256 kutholwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe, kuyilapho okunye ukufakwa ngesandla kokusabalalisa kwezixhumanisi noma izindlela zefayela kuyadingeka.
• Inkinobho yengeziwe ensizeni yokushiswa kwezithombe ze-ISO ukuze kuqalwe ukuhlola ubuqotho, manje osekusebenzela izithombe zeWindows. Ukuxhumana kwezinsiza zokufometha amadrayivu e-USB kuthuthukisiwe.
• Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithuthukiswe njengengxenye yohlelo lwe-X-Apps, okuhloswe ngalo ukuhlanganisa indawo yesofthiwe ezinhlelweni ze-Linux Mint ngokusekelwe kumadeskithophu ahlukene, kuqhubekile. I-X-Apps isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe besimanje (i-GTK3 ukuze isekele i-HiDPI, i-gsettings, njll.), kodwa igcina izici zokusebenzelana ezivamile ezifana nebha yamathuluzi namamenyu. Izicelo ezinjalo zihlanganisa: Isihleli sombhalo we-Xed, imenenja yesithombe se-Pix, isibukeli sedokhumenti ye-Xreader, isibukeli sesithombe se-Xviewer.
• Kungenzeka ukwenza ngendlela oyifisayo idizayini nosayizi wekhesa wesikrini sokungena ngemvume.
• I-Warpinator, insiza yokwabelana ngefayela elibethelwe phakathi kwamakhompyutha amabili, iqiniswe ukuze iphume ngokuzenzakalelayo ngemva kwemizuzu engama-60 yokungasebenzi futhi ikhawulele ukufinyelela kwezinye izilungiselelo.
• Amandla omphathi wohlelo lokusebenza lwewebhu (WebApp Phatha) anwetshiwe, lapho izilungiselelo ezengeziwe zezinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu zivele, njengokubonisa ibha yokuzulazula, ukuhlukaniswa kwephrofayela kanye nokwethulwa kwimodi yokuphequlula eyimfihlo.
• Ikhodi yokususa izinhlelo zokusebenza kumenyu eyinhloko isisetshenzwe kabusha - uma amalungelo omsebenzisi wamanje anele ukususa, kusho ukuthi iphasiwedi yomlawuli ayisacelwa. Isibonelo, ungasusa izinhlelo ze-Flatpak noma izinqamuleli ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zasendaweni ngaphandle kokufaka iphasiwedi. I-Synaptic kanye nomphathi wokubuyekeza bathuthelwe ukusebenzisa i-pkexec ukukhumbula iphasiwedi efakiwe, ekuvumela ukuthi utshele iphasiwedi kanye kuphela lapho wenza imisebenzi eminingi.
• Uhlelo lokusebenza lwemithombo yokufakwa kwephakheji lusebenze kabusha ngendlela oluphatha ngayo okhiye bezindawo zokugcina ze-PPA, manje ezisebenza kuphela ku-PPA ethile, hhayi kuyo yonke imithombo yephakheji.
• Ukuhlolwa kwawo wonke amaphrojekthi e-Linux Mint kususiwe ohlelweni lokuhlanganisa oluqhubekayo lwe-Circle kuya ku-Github Actions.

Source: opennet.ru