Ukukhishwa kwekhithi yokusabalalisa ye-Ubuntu 22.04 LTS

Ukukhululwa kokusatshalaliswa kwe-Ubuntu 22.04 "Jammy Jellyfish" kwenzeka, okuhlukaniswa njengokukhululwa kokusekelwa kwesikhathi eside (LTS), izibuyekezo ezikhiqizwa phakathi neminyaka emi-5, kuleli cala - kuze kube ngu-Ephreli 2027. Izithombe zokufakwa ne-boot zenzelwe Ubuntu, Ubuntu Server, Lubuntu, Kubuntu, Ubuntu Mate, Ubuntu Budgie, Ubuntu Studio, Xubuntu kanye no-UbuntuKylin (i-China edition).

Izinguquko eziyinhloko:

• Ideskithophu ibuyekeziwe yaba yi-GNOME 42, enezela izilungiselelo ze-UI emnyama ebanzi nokulungiswa kokusebenza kwe-GNOME Shell. Uma uchofoza inkinobho ye-PrintScreen, ungakha isithombe-skrini noma isithombe-skrini sengxenye ekhethiwe yesikrini noma iwindi elihlukile. Ukugcina ubuqotho bomklamo nokuzinza kwendawo yomsebenzisi, Ubuntu 22.04 igcina izinguqulo zezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezivela egatsheni le-GNOME 41 (ikakhulukazi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihunyushwe ku-GNOME 42 ku-GTK 4 kanye ne-libadwaita). Izilungiselelo eziningi zizenzakalela kuseshini yedeskithophu esekwe ku-Wayland, kodwa shiya inketho yokubuyela emuva ekusebenziseni iseva ye-X lapho ungena.
• Izinketho zemibala eziyi-10 zinikezwa ngezitayela ezimnyama nezikhanyayo. Izithonjana kudeskithophu ziyiswa ekhoneni elingezansi kwesokudla kwesikrini ngokuzenzakalelayo (lokhu kuziphatha kungashintshwa kuzilungiselelo zokubukeka). Itimu ye-Yaru isebenzisa okuwolintshi esikhundleni sesitshalo seqanda kuzo zonke izinkinobho, izilayidi, amawijethi, namaswishi. Ukushintshwa okufanayo kwenziwa kusethi yama-pictograms. Umbala wenkinobho yokuvala iwindi esebenzayo ushintshiwe ukusuka kokuwolintshi ukuya kompunga, futhi umbala wezibambo zesilayidi ushintshiwe ukusuka kokumpunga ngokukhanyayo ukuya kokumhlophe.
• Kwengezwe izilungiselelo ezintsha ukuze ulawule ukubukeka nokuziphatha kwephaneli yeDokhu. Ukuhlanganiswa okuthuthukisiwe nephaneli yesiphathi sefayela namawijethi wedivayisi.
• Ukusekelwa kwezikrini zokubonisa ulwazi oluyimfihlo kunikezwa, isibonelo, amanye amakhompyutha aphathekayo afakwe izikrini ezinemodi yokubuka eyimfihlo eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, okwenza kube nzima kwabanye ukubuka.
• Kungenzeka ukusebenzisa umthetho olandelwayo we-RDP ukuhlela ukwabelana kwedeskithophu (ukusekelwa kwe-VNC kugcinwa njengenketho efakwe kusilungisi).
• Isiphequluli seFirefox manje siza kuphela ngefomethi ye-Snap. Amaphakheji we-firefox kanye ne-firefox-locale deb athathelwa indawo ngama-stubs afaka iphakheji le-Snap ngeFirefox. Kubasebenzisi bephakheji ye-deb, kunenqubo esobala yokuthuthela ku-snap ngokushicilela isibuyekezo esizofaka iphakheji ye-snap futhi sidlulise izilungiselelo zamanje kusuka kuhla lwemibhalo lwasekhaya lomsebenzisi.
• Ukuze uthuthukise ukuphepha, insiza ye-os-prober, ethola izingxenye ze-boot zamanye amasistimu wokusebenza futhi izengeze kumenyu yokuqalisa, ikhutshazwa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa isilayishi sokuqalisa se-UEFI ukuze uqalise amanye ama-OS. Ukuze ubuyisele ukutholwa okuzenzakalelayo kwama-OS enkampani yangaphandle kokuthi/etc/default/grub, ungashintsha ukulungiselelwa kwe-GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER bese uqhuba umyalo othi “sudo update-grub”.
• Ukufinyelela kuma-partitions e-NFS kusetshenziswa iphrothokholi ye-UDP kuvaliwe (i-kernel yakhiwe ngenketho CONFIG_NFS_DISABLE_UDP_SUPPORT=y).
• Emihlanganweni yokwakheka kwe-ARM64, abashayeli be-NVIDIA abaphathelene bengezwe kusethi yamamojula akhawulelwe-linux (ngaphambilini ayehlinzekwe kumasistimu we-x86_64 kuphela). Ukuze ufake futhi ulungiselele izishayeli ze-NVIDIA, ungasebenzisa insiza ye-ubuntu-drivers evamile.
• I-Linux kernel eyinhloko yi-5.15, kodwa Ubuntu Desktop kwamanye amadivaysi ahloliwe (i-linux-oem-22.04) izohlinzeka nge-5.17 kernel.
• Umphathi wesistimu we-systemd ubuyekezelwe kunguqulo engu-249. Ukuze uphendule kusenesikhathi ekuntulekeni kwenkumbulo ku-Ubuntu Desktop, indlela ye-systemd-oomd ivulwa ngokuzenzakalelayo, esekelwe kusistimu engaphansi ye-PSI (Pressure Stall Information) ekuvumela ukuthi uhlaziye. ulwazi mayelana nesikhathi sokulinda sokuthola izinsiza ezahlukahlukene esikhaleni somsebenzisi (i-CPU, inkumbulo, i-I/O) ukuze kuhlolwe ngokunembile amazinga omthwalo wesistimu namaphethini okwehla. Ungasebenzisa insiza ye-oomctl ukuhlola isimo se-OOMD.
• Izinguqulo ezibuyekeziwe zamathuluzi onjiniyela: GCC 11.2, LLVM 14, glibc 2.35, Python 3.10.4, Ruby 3.0, PHP 8.1.2, Perl 5.34, Go 1.18, Rust 1.58, OpenJDK 18 (OpenJDK 11 (OpenJDK14), i-OpenJDK8.0.28 iyatholakala futhi I-MySQL XNUMX.
• Izinhlobo ezivuselelwe ze-libreoffice 7.3, Firefox 99, Thunderbird 91, Mesa 22, Bluez, i-Pelplaudio 5.63, PulsMaudio 2.4, PPSKTOP-Portal 1.36 22.02, okuqukathi 4.2, runc 16, QEMU 1.14, libvirt 4.15.5, virt-manager 2.4.52, openvswitch 1.5.9, LXD 1.1.0. Ukushintshela kumagatsha amasha abalulekile e-OpenLDAP 6.2, BIND 8.0.0 kanye ne-OpenSSL 4.0 sekwenziwe.
• Inqolobane eyinhloko ye-Ubuntu Server ihlanganisa i-wireguard namaphakheji e-glusterfs.
• Ukwakhiwa kuhlanganisa inqwaba yemithethonqubo ye-routing FRrouting (BGP4, MP-BGP, OSPFv2, OSPFv3, RIPv1, RIPv2, RIPng, PIM-SM/MSDP, LDP, IS-IS), ethathe indawo yephakheji ye-Quagga eyayisetshenziswa ngaphambilini (FRRouting is a igatsha le-Quagga , ngakho-ke ukuhambisana akuthinteki).
• Ngokuzenzakalelayo, isihlungi sephakethe le-nfttables sinikwe amandla. Ukugcina ukuhambisana okubuyela emuva, iphakheji ye-iptables-nft iyatholakala, ehlinzeka ngezinsiza ezine-syntax yomugqa womyalo ofanayo njengama-iptables, kodwa ihumusha imithetho ewumphumela ibe yi-nf_tables bytecode.
• I-OpenSSH ayiwasekeli amasiginesha edijithali asekelwe kokhiye be-RSA abane-SHA-1 hash (“ssh-rsa”) ngokuzenzakalelayo. Inketho ethi "-s" yengezwe kusisetshenziswa se-scp sokusebenza ngephrothokholi ye-SFTP.
• I-Ubuntu Server yakhela izinhlelo ze-IBM POWER (ppc64el) azisasekeli ama-Power8 processors; ukwakha manje kwakhelwe ama-Power9 CPUs (“—with-cpu=power9”).
• Ukukhiqizwa kwemihlangano yokufaka esebenza kumodi ebukhoma yokwakhiwa kwe-RISC-V kuyaqinisekiswa.
• Ubuntu 22.04 kwaba ukukhululwa kokuqala kwe-LTS okunokwakhiwa okusemthethweni kwamabhodi we-Raspberry Pi. Usekelo olungeziwe lwe-Pimoroni Unicorn HAT LED matrix nezikrini zokuthinta ze-DSI. Insiza ye-rpiboot yengezwe kumabhodi we-Raspberry Pi Compute. Kubalawuli abancane abasekelwa yi-MicroPython, njenge-Raspberry Pi Pico, insiza ye-rshell yengeziwe (iphakheji ye-pyboard-rshell). Ukuze ulungise kusengaphambili isithombe sokuqalisa, insiza ye-imager (iphakheji yesithombe se-rpi) yengeziwe.
• I-Kubuntu inikeza ideskithophu ye-KDE Plasma 5.24.3 kanye ne-KDE Gear 21.12.3 suite yezinhlelo zokusebenza.
• U-Xubuntu uyaqhubeka nokuthumela ideskithophu ye-Xfce 4.16. I-Greybird theme suite ibuyekezelwe enguqulweni engu-3.23.1 ngokusekelwa kwe-GTK 4 ne-libhandy, okwenza ngcono ukuvumelana kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-GNOME ne-GTK4 ngesitayela se-Xubuntu sisonke. Isethi yokuqala ye-xfce 0.16 ibuyekeziwe, inikezela ngezithonjana eziningi ezintsha. Isihleli sombhalo se-Mousepad 0.5.8 sisetshenziswa ngokusekelwa kokulondoloza izikhathi nama-plugin. Isibukeli sesithombe se-Ristretto 0.12.2 sithuthukise umsebenzi ngezithonjana.
• Ubuntu MATE ubuyekeze ideskithophu ye-MATE ukuze ikhulule i-1.26.1. Isitayela siguqulelwe kwehlukile kwetimu ye-Yaru (esetshenziswa ku-Ubuntu Desktop), yaguqulelwa ukusebenza ku-MATE. Iphakheji eyinhloko ihlanganisa Amawashi e-GNOME amasha, Amamephu kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zesimo sezulu. Isethi yezinkomba zephaneli ibuyekeziwe. Ngokukhipha abashayeli be-NVIDIA (manje abalayishwe ngokwehlukana), ukususa izithonjana eziyimpinda, nokukhipha amatimu amadala, usayizi wesithombe sokufaka uncishiswa ube ngu-2.8 GB (ngaphambi kokuhlanza bekungu-4.1 GB).
• Ubuntu Budgie usebenzisa ukukhululwa kwedeskithophu entsha ye-Budgie 10.6. Ama-apula abuyekeziwe.
• Ubuntu Studio ibuyekeze izinguqulo ze-Blender 3.0.1, KDEnlive 21.12.3, Krita 5.0.2, Gimp 2.10.24, Ardor 6.9, Scribus 1.5.7, Darktable 3.6.0, Inkscape 1.1.2, Carla, Studio 2.4.2. Ilawula i-2.3.0, OBS Studio 27.2.3, MyPaint 2.0.1.
• Ukwakhiwa kweLubuntu kuyaqhubeka nokuthumela imvelo yesithombe ye-LXQt 0.17.

Ukwengeza, singaphawula ukukhishwa kwezinhlelo ezimbili ezingekho emthethweni ze-Ubuntu 22.04 - Ubuntu Cinnamon Remix 22.04 (iso images) nge-Cinnamon desktop kanye ne-Ubuntu Unity 22.04 (iso images) ngedeskithophu ye-Unity7.

Source: opennet.ru