Ukukhishwa kwesistimu yamaphakheji azimele I-Flatpak 1.8.0

Ishicilelwe igatsha elisha elizinzile lekhithi yamathuluzi I-Flatpak 1.8, ehlinzeka ngohlelo lokwakha amaphakheji azimele angaboshiwe ekusabalaliseni kwe-Linux okuthile futhi asebenze esiqukathi esikhethekile esihlukanisa uhlelo lokusebenza kuyo yonke isistimu. Ukusekelwa kokusebenza kwamaphakheji e-Flatpak kunikezwa i-Arch Linux, CentOS, Debian, Fedora, Gentoo, Mageia, Linux Mint and Ubuntu. Amaphakheji e-Flatpak afakiwe endaweni yokugcina ye-Fedora futhi asekelwa umphathi wohlelo lokusebenza lwe-GNOME lwendabuko.

Ukhiye emisha egatsheni le-Flatpak 1.8:

• Ukuqaliswa kokufakwa kumodi ye-P2P kwenziwe lula (ikuvumela ukuthi uhlele ukulayishwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza kanye namasethi wesikhathi sokusebenza ngamanodi amaphakathi noma amadrayivu amasistimu ngaphandle koxhumano lwenethiwekhi). Ukusekela ukufakwa ngabasingathi abamaphakathi kunethiwekhi yendawo kunqanyuliwe. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, ukulayishwa eceleni okuzenzakalelayo kwamakhosombe atholakala kumadrayivu e-USB endawo kuyakhutshazwa. Ukuze unike amandla amakhosombe endawo amaphakathi, kufanele ulungiselele indawo yokugcina ngokwakha isixhumanisi esingokomfanekiso kusuka ku/var/lib/flatpak/sideload-repos noma
  /run/flatpak/sideload-repos. Ushintsho lwenze kwaba lula ukuqaliswa kwangaphakathi kwemodi ye-P2P futhi lwandisa ukusebenza kahle kwayo.

• Kwengezwe iyunithi ye-systemd yokuzikhethela ukuze kutholwe ngokuzenzakalelayo amakhosombe engeziwe kumadrayivu angaphandle e-USB axhunyiwe.
• Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezinokufinyelela ohlelweni lwefayela, inkomba /lib yendawo yokusingatha idluliselwa ku-/run/host/lib.
• Izimvume ezintsha zokufinyelela ku-FS zengeziwe - “host-etc” kanye “host-os”, okuvumela ukufinyelela kunkhombandlela yesistimu /etc kanye/usr.
• Ukukhiqiza ikhodi yokudlulisa ifayela esebenza kahle kakhulu, i-GVariant evela ku-ostreee isetshenziswa okuhlukile-kwe-schema-compiler.
• I-Crypt yokumisa yokwakha inikeza ikhono lokwakha ngaphandle
  libsystemd;

• Kunikwe amandla ukukhwezwa kwamasokhethi ejenali kumodi yokufunda kuphela.
• Kwengezwe ukusekelwa kokuthekelisa uhla lwemibhalo ukuze kuthekeliswe idokhumenti.
• Ivumela ukufinyelela okuqondile kumadivayisi omsindo we-ALSA kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezinokufinyelela ku-Pulseaudio.
• Ku-API I-FlatpakTransaction wengeze isignali "yokufakazela ubuqiniso" engasetshenziswa amaklayenti ukufaka iziqinisekisi ezidingekayo ukuze kuqedelwe okwenziwayo.
• Kunikwe amandla ukusetshenziswa kolwazi lwezoni yesikhathi ngokusekelwe ku-/etc/localtime kusuka kusistimu yokusingatha, exazulule izinkinga ezihlobene nendawo yesikhathi kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.
• Kumiswe ukufaka ifayela le-env.d kusuka ku-gdm njengoba amajeneretha esistimu engcono kulo msebenzi.
• Kusisetshenziswa se-create-usb, ukuthunyelwa kwezingxenye ezithile kunikwa amandla ngokuzenzakalela.
• Ifayela le-sysusers.d linikezelwe ukudala abasebenzisi abadingekayo nge-systemd.
• Inketho ethi “-[no-]landela-redirect” yengezwe ku-"flatpak remote-add" kanye nemiyalo ethi "flatpak guqula" ukuze ukhubaze/unike amandla ukuqondisa kabusha kwenye inqolobane.
• Kuhlelo
  inthanethi Kwengezwe i-Spawn API ukuze uthole i-ID yenqubo yangempela (PID) yohlelo lokusebenza olusebenzayo.

• Wonke amakhosombe e-OCI (Open Container Initiative) aguqulelwe ukuze asebenzise isiqinisekisi se-flatpak-oci-authenticator.
• Kwengezwe inketho ethi “--commit=" ku-“flatpak remote-info” kanye nemiyalo ethi “flatpak update” ukuze kusethwe uhlobo oluthile lwamakhosombe we-OCI.
• Kwengezwe ukusekelwa kokuqala kwezibuyekezo ze-delta zamakhosombe we-OCI.
• Kwengezwe umyalo "wokuthuthukisa i-flatpak", okuyisiteketiso somyalo "we-flatpak update".
• Imibhalo yokuqedela okokufaka esetshenzisiwe yegobolondo lomyalo wezinhlanzi.

Ake sikukhumbuze ukuthi i-Flatpak yenza kube lula ngabathuthukisi bohlelo lokusebenza ukwenza lula ukusatshalaliswa kwezinhlelo zabo ezingafakwanga kumakhosombe okusabalalisa ajwayelekile ukulungiselela isitsha esisodwa sendawo yonke ngaphandle kokudala imihlangano ehlukene yokusabalalisa ngakunye. Kubasebenzisi abaqaphela ukuphepha, i-Flatpak ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise uhlelo lokusebenza olungabazekayo esitsheni, enikeza ukufinyelela kuphela emisebenzini yenethiwekhi namafayela omsebenzisi ahlobene nohlelo lokusebenza. Kubasebenzisi abanentshisekelo emikhiqizweni emisha, i-Flatpak ikuvumela ukuthi ufake ukuhlolwa kwakamuva nokukhishwa okuzinzile kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ngaphandle kwesidingo sokwenza izinguquko ohlelweni. Isibonelo, okwamanje amaphakheji e-Flatpak asevele bayahamba ye-LibreOffice, Midori, GIMP, Inkscape, Kdenlive, Steam, 0 AD, Visual Studio Code, VLC, Slack, Skype, Telegram Desktop, Android Studio, njll.

Ukuze kuncishiswe usayizi wephakheji, kuhlanganisa kuphela ukuncika okuqondene nohlelo lokusebenza, futhi isistimu eyisisekelo namalabhulali ezithombe (imitapo yolwazi ye-Gtk+, Qt, GNOME kanye ne-KDE, njll.) yakhelwe njengezimo ezijwayelekile ze-plug-in zesikhathi sokusebenza. Umehluko oyinhloko phakathi kwe-Flatpak ne-Snap ukuthi i-Snap isebenzisa izingxenye zemvelo yesistimu eyinhloko kanye nokuzihlukanisa ngokusekelwe kumakholi wesistimu yokuhlunga, kuyilapho i-Flatpak idala isitsha esihlukile ohlelweni futhi isebenza ngamasethi amakhulu wesikhathi sokusebenza, inganikezeli amaphakheji njengokuncika, kodwa okujwayelekile. izindawo zesistimu (isibonelo, yonke imitapo yolwazi edingekayo ekusebenzeni kwezinhlelo ze-GNOME noma ze-KDE).

Ngaphezu kwemvelo yesistimu ejwayelekile (isikhathi sokusebenza), efakwe ngesipesheli inqolobane, ukuncika okwengeziwe (inqwaba) okudingekayo ukuze isicelo sisebenze kuyanikezwa. Sekukonke, isikhathi sokusebenza kanye nenqwaba kwenza ukugcwaliswa kwesiqukathi, naphezu kokuthi isikhathi sokusebenza sifakwe ngokwehlukana futhi siboshelwe ezitsheni eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa, okukuvumela ukuthi ugweme ukuphindaphinda amafayela wesistimu ajwayelekile ezitsheni. Isistimu eyodwa ingaba nezikhathi zokugijima eziningana ezifakiwe (i-GNOME, i-KDE) noma izinguqulo ezimbalwa zesikhathi sokusebenza esifanayo (GNOME 3.26, GNOME 3.28). Isiqukathi esinohlelo lokusebenza njengokuncika sisebenzisa ukubophezela kuphela esikhathini esithile sokusebenza, ngaphandle kokucabangela amaphakheji angawodwana akha isikhathi sokusebenza. Zonke izici ezingekho zipakishwa ngokuqondile nohlelo lokusebenza. Uma isiqukathi sakhiwe, okuqukethwe kwesikhathi sokusebenza kuyakhwezwa njengengxenye ye/usr, futhi inqwaba ikhwezwa kumkhombandlela wohlelo lokusebenza.

Ukugcwaliswa kweziqukathi zesikhathi sokusebenza nezisetshenziswa kwakhiwa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe I-OSTree, lapho isithombe sibuyekezwa khona nge-athomu sisuka endaweni yokugcina efana ne-Git, okuvumela izindlela zokulawula inguqulo ukuthi zisetshenziswe ezingxenyeni zokusabalalisa (isibonelo, ungakwazi ukuhlehlisa ngokushesha isistimu esimweni sangaphambilini). Amaphakheji e-RPM ahunyushwa endaweni ye-OStree kusetshenziswa isendlalelo esikhethekile rpm-ostree. Ukufakwa okuhlukene nokuvuselelwa kwamaphakheji ngaphakathi kwendawo yokusebenza akusekelwe; isistimu ibuyekezwa hhayi ezingeni lezingxenye ngazinye, kodwa iyonke, ishintsha isimo sayo nge-athomu. Ihlinzeka ngamathuluzi okufaka izibuyekezo ngokuqhubekayo, isusa isidingo sokushintsha ngokuphelele isithombe ngesibuyekezo ngasinye.

Indawo ehlukanisiwe ekhiqiziwe izimele ngokuphelele ekusabalaliseni okusetshenzisiwe futhi, ngezilungiselelo ezifanele zephakeji, ayinakho ukufinyelela kumafayela nezinqubo zomsebenzisi noma uhlelo oluyinhloko, ayikwazi ukufinyelela ngqo kumishini, ngaphandle kokuphumayo nge-DRI, kanye isistimu engaphansi yenethiwekhi. Okukhiphayo kwezithombe kanye nenhlangano yokufaka kwenziwe usebenzisa iphrothokholi ye-Wayland noma ngokudlulisela isokhethi le-X11. Ukusebenzisana nemvelo yangaphandle kusekelwe ohlelweni lwemiyalezo ye-DBus kanye ne-Portals API ekhethekile. Okwe-insulation isetshenzisiwe interlayer I-Bubblewrap kanye nobuchwepheshe bendabuko bokusebenzisa iziqukathi ze-Linux ngokusekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwamaqoqo, izindawo zamagama, i-Seccomp ne-SELinux. I-PulseAudio isetshenziselwa ukukhipha umsindo.

Source: opennet.ru