Ukukhishwa kwe-PostgreSQL 12 DBMS

Ngemva konyaka wentuthuko eshicilelwe igatsha elisha elizinzile le-PostgreSQL 12 DBMS. Izibuyekezo zegatsha elisha izophuma iminyaka emihlanu kuze kube nguNovemba 2024.

main emisha:

• Kwengezwe usekelo lwe-"amakholomu akhiqiziwe", inani lalo elibalwa ngokusekelwe kunkulumo ehlanganisa amanani amanye amakholomu kuthebula elifanayo (elifana nokubukwa, kodwa kumakholomu ngamanye). Amakholomu akhiqiziwe angaba yizinhlobo ezimbili - agcinwe futhi abonakalayo. Esimweni sokuqala, inani libalwa ngesikhathi idatha yengezwa noma ishintshwa, futhi esimweni sesibili, inani libalwa ngokufundwa ngakunye ngokusekelwe esimweni samanje samanye amakholomu. Okwamanje, i-PostgreSQL isekela kuphela amakholomu akhiqiziwe agciniwe;
• Kwengezwe amandla okubuza idatha kumadokhumenti e-JSON kusetshenziswa Izinkulumo zendlela, okukhumbuzayo I-XPath futhi kuchazwe ezingeni le-SQL/JSON. Izindlela zokukhomba ezikhona zisetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokucubungula izinkulumo ezinjalo kumadokhumenti agcinwe ngefomethi ye-JSONB;
• Okunikwe amandla ngokuzenzakalela wukusetshenziswa komhlanganisi we-JIT (Just-in-Time) okusekelwe ekuthuthukisweni kwe-LLVM ukuze kusheshiswe ukusetshenziswa kwezinye izinkulumo phakathi nokucutshungulwa kombuzo we-SQL. Isibonelo, i-JIT isetshenziselwa ukusheshisa ukwenziwa kwezinkulumo ngaphakathi kwamabhulokhi LAPHO, uhlu oluqondiwe, izinkulumo ezihlanganisiwe, nokunye ukusebenza kwangaphakathi;
• Ukusebenza kwenkomba kwenziwe ngcono kakhulu. Izinkomba ze-B-tree zilungiselelwe ukusebenza ezindaweni lapho izinkomba zishintsha njalo - ukuhlolwa kwe-TPC-C kubonisa ukukhuphuka okuphelele kokusebenza kanye nokwehliswa okumaphakathi kokusetshenziswa kwesikhala sediski esingu-40%. Kuncishiswe phezulu uma kukhiqizwa ilogu yokubhala phambili (WAL) yezinhlobo zezinkomba ze-GiST, GIN kanye ne-SP-GiST. Ku-GiST, ikhono lokudala izinkomba zokugoqa (ngenkulumo ethi INCLUDE) ehlanganisa amakholomu engeziwe lengeziwe. Iyasebenza DALA IZIBALO Ihlinzeka ngosekelo lwezibalo ze-Most Common Value (MCV) ukuze kukhiqizwe izinhlelo ezingcono kakhulu zemibuzo lapho kusetshenziswa amakholomu asakazwa ngokungalingani;
• Ukuqaliswa kokuhlukanisa kuthuthukiselwe imibuzo ethinta amathebula anezinkulungwane zezingxenye, kodwa ikhawulelwe ekukhetheni isethi elinganiselwe yedatha. Ukusebenza kokwengeza idatha kumathebula ahlukanisiwe kusetshenziswa imisebenzi ye-INSERT kanye ne-COPY kunyusiwe, futhi kungenzeka futhi ukwengeza izigaba ezintsha ngokuthi “ALTER TABLE ATTACH PARTITION” ngaphandle kokuvimba ukusebenza kombuzo;
• Ukwesekwa okwengeziwe kokunwetshwa okuzenzakalelayo okusemgqeni kwezinkulumo ezijwayelekile zethebula (Common Table Expression, CTE) evumela ukusetshenziswa kwemiphumela yesikhashana eshiwo kusetshenziswa isitatimende esithi WITH. Ukuthunyelwa okusemgqeni kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kwemibuzo eminingi, kodwa okwamanje kusetshenziselwa kuphela ama-CTE angaphindiseli;
• Ukwesekwa okwengeziwe non-deterministic izakhiwo zendawo ethi “Collation”, ekuvumela ukuthi usethe imithetho yokuhlunga nezindlela zokufanisa ucabangela incazelo yezinhlamvu (isibonelo, lapho uhlela amanani edijithali, ukuba khona kokususa nechashazi phambi kwenombolo nezinhlobo ezahlukene. isipelingi siyacatshangelwa, futhi lapho kuqhathaniswa, isimo sezinhlamvu kanye nokuba khona kophawu lokugcizelela akunakwa);
• Usekelo olungeziwe lokuqinisekisa iklayenti lezinto eziningi, lapho ku-pg_hba.conf ungahlanganisa ukuqinisekiswa kwesitifiketi se-SSL (iklayenti=qinisekisa-sigcwele) nendlela yokuqinisekisa eyengeziwe efana ne-scram-sha-256 ukuze uqinisekise;
• Ukwesekwa okwengeziwe kokubethelwa kwesiteshi sokuxhumana lapho kuqinisekiswa nge I-GSSAPI, kokubili ohlangothini lweklayenti nasohlangothini lweseva;
• Ukwesekwa okwengeziwe kokunquma amaseva e-LDAP asekelwe kumarekhodi e-“DNS SRV” uma i-PostgreSQL yakhiwe nge-OpenLDAP;
• Umsebenzi ongeziwe "REINDEX NGESIKHATHI sinye»ukwakha kabusha izinkomba ngaphandle kokuvimbela ukubhala kunkomba;
• Ithimba lengeziwe pg_checksums, okukuvumela ukuthi unike amandla noma ukhubaze ukuhlola izibalo zamakhasi edatha kusizindalwazi esikhona (ngaphambilini lo msebenzi wawusekelwa kuphela ngesikhathi sokuqaliswa kwesizindalwazi);
• Okukhiphayo okunikezwayo kwenkomba yenqubekelaphambili yokusebenza DALA I-INDEX, REINDEX, CLUSTER, VACUUM FULL kanye ne-pg_checksums;
• Umyalo ongeziwe "DALA INDLELA YOKUFINYELELA»ukuxhuma izibambi zezindlela ezintsha zokugcina ithebula ezithuthukiselwe imisebenzi ethile ehlukahlukene. Okwamanje okuwukuphela kwendlela yokufinyelela etafuleni eyakhelwe ngaphakathi "yinqwaba";
• Ifayela lokumisa le-recovery.conf lihlanganiswe ne-postgresql.conf. Njengezinkomba zokushintshela esimweni sokululama ngemuva kokwehluleka, manje iyaqhubeka sebenzisa amafayela e-recovery.signal kanye nawe-standby.signal.

Source: opennet.ru