Umngcele phakathi kwe-optical medium kanye nekhebula le-coaxial yisamukeli se-optical. Kulesi sihloko sizobheka umklamo wabo kanye nezilungiselelo.

Okuqukethwe ochungechungeni lwezihloko

• Ingxenye 1: I-General CATV network Architecture
• Ingxenye 2: Ukwakheka kwesignali kanye nokuma
• Ingxenye 3: Ingxenye Yesiginali ye-Analogi
• Ingxenye 4: Ingxenye Yesiginali Yedijithali
• Ingxenye 5: Inethiwekhi yokusabalalisa i-coaxial
• Ingxenye 6: Izikhulisi Zesiginali ye-RF
• Ingxenye 7: Abamukeli be-Optical
• Ingxenye 8: Inethiwekhi ye-Optical backbone
• Ingxenye 9: Isihloko
• Ingxenye 10: Ukuxazulula inkinga inethiwekhi ye-CATV

Umsebenzi we-optical receiver ukudlulisa isignali kusuka endaweni ye-optical kuya kwekagesi. Ngendlela yayo elula, lokhu kungenziwa kusetshenziswa umshini wokusebenza, oheha ngobulula bawo:

Kodwa-ke, lesi simangaliso sobunjiniyela sinikeza imingcele yesignali emaphakathi kakhulu: ngezinga lesignali ye-optical -1 - -2 dBm, imingcele yokukhipha ayilingani neze ku-GOST, futhi ukulinganisa isignali ngokweqile kuholela ekwandeni okukhulu komsindo.

Ukuze uqiniseke ngekhwalithi yesiginali elethiwe ngesakhiwo se-FTTB, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa amadivayisi ayinkimbinkimbi kakhulu:

Abamukeli abatholakala kunethiwekhi yethu: I-Vector Lambda, i-Telmor MOB kanye ne-Planar yasekhaya.

Bonke bahluke kumfowabo omncane ongenzi lutho ekwakhiweni kwesekethe okuyinkimbinkimbi, okubandakanya izihlungi nama-amplifiers, ukuze uqiniseke ngesiginali efinyelela kobhalisile. Ake sizibhekisise:

Isamukeli se-Telmor optical sinephaneli ngaphakathi ebonisa umdwebo webhulokhi. Lolu hlelo lujwayelekile ku-OP.

Izinga lesignali yokubona elidingekayo ngokuvamile lisuka ku- -10 liye ku-+3 dBm; ngesikhathi sokuklama nokusetshenziswa, inani eliphelele ngu--1 dBm: lena i-margin ehloniphekile uma kwenzeka umonakalo womugqa wokudlulisela futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinga eliphansi liyadala. umsindo omncane ngesikhathi sokuhamba kwamasekhethi wemishini.

Isekethe ye-AGC (AGC) eyakhelwe kusamukeli obonakalayo yenza lokho ngokulungisa izinga lesiginali yokufaka, igcina okukhiphayo ngaphakathi kwemingcele ecacisiwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma ngesizathu esithile isignali ye-optical ishintsha ngokuzumayo ngokuphawulekayo, kodwa ihlala ku-AGC yokusebenza (cishe isuka ku-0 kuya ku-7 dBm), umamukeli uzothumela njalo isignali kunethiwekhi ye-coaxial ngezinga elalikhona. setha ngesikhathi sokusetha. Ezimweni ezibaluleke kakhulu, kunamadivayisi anokokufaka okubili kokubona, ngakunye okugadwayo futhi kungenziwa kusebenze ngokuzenzela noma ngokuzenzakalelayo.

Wonke ama-OP asebenzayo aqukethe isigaba sokukhulisa, esihlinzeka nekhono lokulawula ukuthambeka nezinga lesiginali yokuphumayo.

I-Optical Receiver Control

Ukuze ulungiselele imingcele yesignali, kanye noshintsho nokulawula imisebenzi yesevisi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, izilawuli ezilula zivame ukuba khona ngaphakathi kwabamukeli ngokwabo. I-MOB eboniswe esithombeni esingenhla inebhodi elihlukile, elifakwe ngokuzithandela kukesi. Futhi, njengenye indlela, kuhlongozwa ukusebenzisa ibhodi elikhishwa ngokushesha, elifakwe kuphela ngesikhathi sokusetha emachwebeni ebhodini elikhulu. Ngokwenza lokhu akulula kakhulu, kunjalo.

Iphaneli yokulawula ikuvumela ukuthi usethe amanani we-attenuator yokokufaka (okwandisa lapho isignali yokuphuma iyancipha ngokuya ngenzuzo), uvule noma uvale (kanye nokusetha amanani angaguquki) i-AGC, setha amapharamitha wokutsheka futhi ulungiselele isixhumi esibonakalayo se-ethernet. .

I-Chelyabinsk OP Planar inenkomba ecacile yezinga lesignali ye-optical, futhi izilungiselelo zenziwa ngendlela elula: ngokusonta nokuguqula ukufakwa okushintsha izici zesiteji se-amplifier. Isivalo esinezinsika sigcina ugesi.

Futhi i-Vector Lambda OP, eyenziwe ngomklamo "we-technoporn", inesikrini esinamadijithi amabili kanye nezinkinobho ezintathu kuphela.

Ukuze uhlukanise amanani avumayo kwalawo anegethivu, le OP ibonisa amanani anegethivu kuwo wonke amasegimenti, futhi ibonisa uziro ophozithivu kanye no-+1 engxenyeni yobude besikrini. Ngamanani angaphezu kuka +1,9 ivele ibhale ukuthi “HI”.

Izilawuli ezinjalo zilungele ukusethwa okusheshayo kusayithi, kodwa ukuze kube nokwenzeka kokuqapha nokulawula kude, cishe bonke abamukeli banembobo ye-ethernet. I-interface yewebhu ikuvumela ukuthi ulawule futhi uguqule imingcele, futhi ukuvota kwe-SNMP kusekelwa ukuhlanganiswa nezinhlelo zokuqapha.

Lapha sibona umdwebo ofanayo webhulokhi we-OP, lapho kungenzeka khona ukuguqula imingcele ye-AGC ne-attenuator. Kodwa ukutsheka kwale OP kusethwe kuphela ama-jumpers ebhodini futhi kunezikhundla ezintathu ezimisiwe.

Eduze kwesekethe, kuboniswa imingcele ebalulekile yokuqapha: amazinga amasiginali okokufaka nokuphumayo, kanye namanani kagesi atholwe kumandla owakhelwe ngaphakathi. Ukwehluleka okungu-99% kwalawo ma-OP kwenzeka ngemva kokuba lawa ma-voltage ewohlokile, ngakho kufanele aqashwe ukuze kuvinjelwe izingozi.

Igama elithi Transponder lapha lisho isixhumi esibonakalayo se-IP futhi le thebhu iqukethe izilungiselelo zekheli, imaski nesango - akukho okuthakazelisayo.

Ibhonasi: ukwamukela ithelevishini emoyeni

Lokhu akuhlobene nesihloko sochungechunge, kodwa ngizokhuluma kafushane nje ngokwamukela i-TV emoyeni. Kungani manje? Yebo, uma nje sicabangela inethiwekhi yesakhiwo sokuhlala, khona-ke kuncike emthonjeni wesiginali kunethiwekhi yokusabalalisa i-coaxial ukuthi inethiwekhi izoba yikhebula noma yasemhlabeni.

Uma ingekho i-fiber optical enesignali ye-CATV, isamukeli sokusakaza esisemoyeni, ngokwesibonelo, i-Terra MA201, singafakwa esikhundleni se-OP:

Ama-antenna amaningana (imvamisa amathathu) axhunywe kumachweba okokufaka wamamukeli, ngalinye elihlinzeka ngokwamukela ububanzi bawo befrikhwensi.

Собственно, с переходом на цифровое телевещание в этом отпадает необходимость, так как цифровые мультиплексы вещаются в одном диапазоне.

Ku-antenna ngayinye, ungalungisa ukuzwela ukuze unciphise umsindo, futhi, uma kunesidingo, unikeze amandla akude ku-amplifier eyakhelwe ku-antenna. Isignali ibe isidlula esigabeni seamplifier futhi ifinyezwe. Amandla okulungisa izinga lokuphumayo ancishisiwe ukuze avale izigaba ze-cascade, futhi ukulungiswa kokutsheka akuhlinzekiwe nhlobo: ungathola umumo we-spectrum oyifunayo ngokulungisa ukuzwela kwe-antenna ngayinye. Futhi uma ngemuva kwesamukeli esinjalo kukhona amakhilomitha ekhebula le-coaxial, khona-ke ukuncishiswa okukuyo kulwa ngokufaka nokulungisa ama-amplifiers, okufana nenethiwekhi yekhebula.

Uma uthanda, ungahlanganisa imithombo yesignali: qoqa kokubili ikhebula nomhlaba, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo amasiginali wesathelayithi kunethiwekhi eyodwa. Lokhu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa ama-multiswitches - amadivayisi akuvumela ukuthi ufingqe futhi usabalalise amasiginali avela emithonjeni ehlukene.

Source: www.habr.com