Iminyaka eminingi manje, isisekelo sokudluliswa kwedatha bekuyindlela yokubona. Kunzima ukucabanga ngomfundi we-habra ongajwayelene nalezi zobuchwepheshe, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukwenza ngaphandle okungenani incazelo emfushane ochungechungeni lwezihloko zami.
Okuqukethwe ochungechungeni lwezihloko
- Ingxenye 9: Isihloko
- Ingxenye 10: Ukuxazulula inkinga inethiwekhi ye-CATV
Ukuze uqedele lesi sithombe, ngizokutshela kafushane nangendlela elula mayelana nezinto ezimbalwa (ungangijikijeli ngeziliphu, lokhu okwalabo abangazi nhlobo): i-optical fiber ingilazi enwetshiwe. intambo ezacile kunezinwele. Ugongolo olwakhiwe i-laser lusakazeka ngalo, okuthi (njenganoma yiliphi igagasi lozibuthe kagesi) libe nemvamisa yalo ethile. Ukuze kube lula futhi kube lula, lapho ukhuluma ngama-opticals, esikhundleni se-frequency ku-hertz, sebenzisa ubude bayo be-wavelength obuphambene, okuthi ebangeni le-optical kukalwa ngama-nanometers. Ngokudluliswa kwesignali kamabonakude wekhebula, i-Ξ»=1550nm ivamise ukusetshenziswa.
Izingxenye zomugqa zixhunywe komunye nomunye nge-welding noma izixhumi. Ungafunda kabanzi ngalokhu ku . Mangisho nje ukuthi amanethiwekhi e-CATV cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi asebenzisa i-APC oblique polishing.
Isithombe esivela ku-fiber-optic-solutions.com
Yethula ukuncishiswa okuthe xaxa kunesiginali eqondile, kodwa inempahla ebaluleke kakhulu: isignali eboniswa lapho kuhlangana khona imigwaqo ayisakazeki ku-eksisi efanayo nesignali eyinhloko, ngenxa yokuthi inethonya elincane kuyo. Kuzinhlelo zokudlulisa idijithali ezine-redundancy eyakhelwe ngaphakathi kanye ne-algorithms yokubuyisela, lokhu kubonakala kungabalulekile, kodwa isignali yethelevishini yaqala uhambo lwayo njengesignali ye-analog (kuma-fiber optics futhi), futhi kulokhu kubaluleke kakhulu: wonke umuntu ukhumbula isipoki noma isithombe. ukukhasa kumathelevishini amadala ngokungaqinisekile ngokwamukela. Izigigaba zamagagasi ezifanayo zenzeka kokubili emoyeni nasezintanjeni. Isignali ye-TV yedijithali, nakuba ikhulise ukuvikeleka komsindo, nokho ayinazo izinzuzo eziningi zokudluliswa kwedatha yephakethe futhi ingahlupheka futhi ezingeni le-physics, kodwa ayikwazi ukubuyiselwa ngesicelo kabusha.
Ukuze isignali idluliselwe ebangeni elibalulekile, kudingeka izinga eliphezulu, ngakho-ke ama-amplifiers abalulekile eketango. Isignali yokubona ezinhlelweni ze-CATV ikhuliswa ngama-erbium amplifiers (EDFA). Ukusebenza kwalolu cingo kuyisibonelo esihle kakhulu sokuthi noma yibuphi ubuchwepheshe obuthuthuke ngokwanele abuhlukaniseki nomlingo. Kafushane: lapho i-beam idlula ku-fiber ene-erbium, kwakheka izimo lapho i-photon ngayinye yemisebe yasekuqaleni idala ama-clone amabili ayo. Imishini enjalo isetshenziswa kuwo wonke amasistimu okudlulisa idatha kumabanga amade. Ngokuqinisekile awashibhile. Ngakho-ke, ezimeni lapho ukukhuliswa kwesignali ngenani elibalulekile kungadingeki futhi kungekho zidingo eziqinile zenani lomsindo, izivuseleli zesiginali ziyasetshenziswa:
Lolu cingo, njengoba lubonakala kumdwebo webhulokhi, lwenza ukuguqulwa kwesignali kabili phakathi kwemidiya yokubona nekagesi. Lo mklamo ikuvumela ukuthi ushintshe ubude besignali uma kunesidingo.
Ukukhohlisa okunjalo njengokukhulisa isignali nokuvuselela akudingekile hhayi kuphela ukunxephezela ukuncishiswa kwekhebula ende kwekhilomitha. Ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kakhulu kwenzeka lapho isignali ihlukaniswa phakathi kwamagatsha enethiwekhi. Ukuhlukaniswa kwenziwa kusetshenziswa amadivaysi e-passive, okuthi, kuye ngesidingo, angaba nenani elihlukile lompompi, futhi angahlukanisa isignali ngokulinganayo noma cha.
Ngaphakathi, isihlukanisi kungaba imicu exhunywe ngezindawo eziseceleni, noma egxilile, njengamathrekhi ebhodini lesifunda eliphrintiwe. Ukujula, ngincoma izindatshana cishe ΠΈ abahlukanisayo ngokufanele. Uma isihlukanisi sinompompi abaningi, yilapho esethula khona ukuncisha isignali.
Uma sengeza izihlungi kusihlukanisi ukuze sihlukanise imishayo enamaza amaza ahlukene, khona-ke singadlulisela amasignali amabili ngesikhathi esisodwa ku-fiber eyodwa.
Lena inguqulo elula ye-optical multiplexing - FWDM. Ngokuxhumanisa i-CATV nemishini ye-inthanethi kokufakwayo kwe-TV kanye ne-Express, ngokulandelana, sizothola isignali exubile ephinikhodi evamile ye-COM, engadluliswa ngefayibha eyodwa, kanti ngakolunye uhlangothi ingahlukaniswa phakathi kwesamukeli se-optical iswishi, isibonelo. Lokhu kwenzeka ngendlela efanayo njengoba uthingo luvela ekukhanyeni okumhlophe kuprism yengilazi.
Ngenhloso yokulondoloza isignali ye-optical, ngaphezu kwabamukeli be-optical abanokufakwa okubili, engibhale ngakho i-electromechanical relay ingasetshenziswa, engashintsha isuka emthonjeni othile iye komunye ngokuvumelana nemingcele yesignali ecacisiwe.
Uma ifayibha eyodwa incipha, idivayisi izoshintsha ngokuzenzakalelayo iye kwenye. Isikhathi sokushintsha singaphansi kwesekhondi, ngakho kobhalisile kubukeka kubi kakhulu njengama-artifact ambalwa esithombeni se-TV yedijithali, esinyamalala ngokushesha ngohlaka olulandelayo.
Source: www.habr.com