Esihlokweni Ngethembisa ngolunye uLwesihlanu ukuthi ngizokhuluma ngokuthi umhleli oyinhloko we-“Funny Pictures” wacishe washiswa kanjani izinambuzane - ngomqondo ongokoqobo wegama.
Namuhla ngoLwesihlanu, kodwa okokuqala ngithanda ukusho amazwi ambalwa mayelana "Izithombe Ezihlekisayo" ngokwazo - lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sokudala imidiya ephumelelayo.
Lo magazini unosuku lokuzalwa olumisiwe - Septhemba 24, 1956. Kulolu suku, umagazini wokuqala "Izithombe Ezihlekisayo", umagazini wokuqala waseSoviet wezingane zasenkulisa, wanyatheliswa.
Ubaba ojabulayo (nomkhulu) kwakuyisinqumo seqembu nohulumeni “Ekuthuthukisweni kwezincwadi zezingane namamagazini ezingane,” esakhishwa ekuqaleni kuka-1956. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuvela kwayo, inani lomagazini bezingane ezweni liphindwe kabili - kakade ngo-September, inkampani yengeze "Young Technician", "Young Naturalist" kanye ne "Veselye Kartinki" enkampanini ethi "Murzilka", "Pioneer" kanye " Kostr”, eshicilele ukukhishwa kwabo kokuqala . Le yindlela i-debut ebukeka ngayo.
Ukusho ukuthi lolu hlelo lube yimpumelelo kuwukungasho lutho. Ukusakazwa kwe "Izithombe Ezihlekisayo" ngokungcono kakhulu kwafinyelela amakhophi ayizigidi ezingu-9 700 ayizinkulungwane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, akuzange kube yimpumelelo kuphela - kwakuyiphrojekthi yemidiya enenzuzo kakhulu. Naphezu kwentengo yepeni yama-kopecks angu-15, yaletha inzuzo enkulu kumsunguli wayo - iKomidi Elikhulu leKomsomol. Abasebenzi balo magazini babethanda ukuziqhayisa ngokuthi "Izithombe Ezihlekisayo" zizodwa zithole imali eningi kunabo bonke omagazini bendlu yokushicilela iMolodaya Gvardiya.
Yiziphi izizathu zempumelelo?
Okokuqala, inani elincane lephrojekthi. Ekukholweni kwami okujulile, konke ukuphumelela kwenziwa lapho kungekho khona isabelomali esikhulu, lapho kungekho zinhlelo zokusabalalisa izindondo, lapho kungekho muntu ovela kuziphathimandla obizayo, obeka ingcindezi noma edonsa.
"Izithombe Ezihlekisayo" zakhiwe njengephrojekthi encane ye-niche lapho kungekho muntu owayelindele okuthile okukhethekile. Inkomba engcono kakhulu yesimo sengqondo somphathi kwakuyihhovisi lomhleli oyinhloko. U-Ivan Semenov weza ku-VK evela e-Krokodil, lapho umhleli oyinhloko enehhovisi elikhulu le-nomenklatura elinama "turntable". "Ezithombeni" wayenekhabethe elincane, elihlanganyela nesigaba sokuphendula sokushicilelwa, ngakho akazange ngisho adwebe ehhovisi lakhe, kodwa waya ekamelweni elivamile, lapho kwakukhona amatafula akhethekile abaculi.
Okwesibili, inkululeko yokudala. "Izithombe Ezihlekisayo" ukuphela kwencwadi e-USSR engazange ishicilelwe. Bonke omagazini abashicilelwe balethwa ezivivinyweni eGlavlit, ngisho nethi “Fish Farming and Fisheries,” ngisho nomagazini othi “Ukhonkolo Oqinile Noqinile.” Yayikhona into enjalo, kodwa kuthiwani? Manje uyahleka, kodwa ukusakazwa kwe-bai ze wei, kwafinyelela amakhophi ayizinkulungwane ezingu-22, inkulungwane eyodwa nengxenye yawo yathengiswa ngemali yangaphandle kwababhalisile bangaphandle.
Futhi akekho owayephethe “Izithombe Ezihlekisayo” noma kuphi.
Okwesithathu, umholi. Ngokwenkambiso yaleyo minyaka, umhleli omkhulu kwakufanele abe yilungu leqembu. Inkinga kwaba ukuthi cishe awekho amakhomanisi phakathi kwamaciko - ngaso sonke isikhathi ayengabantu abakhululekile. Ngenxa yalokho, umculi odumile u-Ivan Semenov, owayeyilungu leqembu, kodwa hhayi i-career yamaKhomanisi, waqokwa umhleli oyinhloko we-Funny Pictures. U-Ivan Maksimovich wajoyina i-All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) ngaphambili ngo-1941, lapho amaJalimane emasha empumalanga, futhi amakhomanisi athunjwa adutshulwa khona lapho.
Ngokwezikhumbuzo, leli tilosi langaphambili lasolwandle nendoda ebukekayo lalingumholi okahle wabantu abahlakaniphile. Angikaze ngixhawulane, futhi ngibuze ngomphumela kuphela - kodwa lapha ngibuze kanzima. Futhi wayenekhwalithi eyodwa ebalulekile yenhloko yephrojekthi yemidiya - wayengumuntu ozolile ngokungavamile. Kwakucishe kungenzeki ukumcasula. Umculi u-Anatoly Mikhailovich Eliseev, owayesebenza e-VK kusukela ngosuku lokuqala, wangitshela icala elinjalo ku-interview.
USemyonov wayedume ngezingoma zakhe ezinamanani amaningi, njengesibonelo:
Ngolunye usuku, omunye wabadwebi balo magazini waletha incwadi evela eFinland ethengwe “esitolo samahlaya” eyayingenakuhlukaniswa nento yangempela. Sanquma ukudlala i-prank kumhleli oyinhloko, okwathi, njengenjwayelo, wayedweba ekamelweni elivamile. Balinda kwaze kwaba yilapho uSemenov esecishe waqeda ukuqamba, wagcwalisa ipayipi lakhe waphuma wayobhema - futhi wabeka i-blot emdwebeni owawucishe uqedwe.
USemyonov ubuyile. Saw. Wasukuma njengensika. Wahlafuna izindebe zomlomo. Wawisa into emnyama nesindayo, njengetshe lentambo: “Izimbongolo!”
Wahambisa umdwebo "owonakele" etafuleni elilandelayo, wabubula, wakhipha iphepha elingenalutho futhi, ebheka ngakwesokudla, waqala ukudweba yonke into futhi.
Sekukonke, ngawumosha umgilingwane wabantu.
Kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu kunokujoyina iqembu kwakuyiqiniso lokuthi u-Semenov, kokubili ngokwezilinganiso ezisemthethweni nezingekho emthethweni, wayebhekwa njengomunye wabaculi bezithombe ezinhle kakhulu zencwadi ezweni futhi ngenxa yalokho wayengumuntu onegunya kakhulu endaweni yobuchwepheshe.
"Kubi, mfowethu, uyabazi abakwaMagyar!” Umfanekiso ka-I. Semenov othi “The Good Soldier Schweik”
Lokhu kwamvumela ukuba ahlanganise ingxenye yesine yempumelelo - iqembu. Kakade kumagazini wokuqala, izithombe ezihlekisayo zadwetshwa abaculi bezithombe abahamba phambili bezingane kuleli zwe: uKonstantin Rotov, owavela nokubukeka kwendoda endala uHottabych noCaptain Vrungel, u-Alexey Laptev, owadweba uDunno wakudala, uVladimir Suteev ( imifanekiso yakudala ye-Cipollino, nakuba kungani ngihlambalaza, ubani ongamazi u-Suteev?) , u-Anatoly Eliseev oshiwo ngenhla. Ngonyaka wokuqala, bajoyina u-Aminadav Kanevsky, uViktor Chizhikov, u-Anatoly Sazonov, u-Evgeny Migunov kanye neqoqo lezinkanyezi lezinkanyezi zokuqala.
Nokho, ingxenye yokugcina ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza. Ukuze akhiqize lo magazini, u-Semyonov ungenise ngempumelelo futhi washintsha uhlelo “lwengwenya” lokulungiselela izinkinga, olwakhelwe esimisweni esithi “ukuza nehlaya nokudweba ihlaya izinhlobo ezahlukene zomsebenzi wobuchopho.” Cha, kukhona okuhlukile, njengoViktor Chizhikov, oqhamuke neningi lamaphrojekthi akhe e-VK, eqala nge-debut ethi "Masha ngentombazane nonodoli uNatasha," kodwa ...
Lena yindlela lesi simiso esachazwa ngayo uFelix Shapiro, umhleli kamagazini “Izithombe Ezihlekisayo” kusukela ngo-1956 kuya ku-1993:
Phakathi kwezisebenzi zaleli phephabhuku kwakukhona labo ababizwa ngokuthi “ama-themists” - labo abanekhono lokuqhamuka nezindaba abazozidweba futhi abangabelana ngazo nabanye. Ithimba lethu letimu belihlakaniphile. (Ngokwesibonelo, umqondisi odumile u-Alexander Mitta waqala njengomculi wetimu ethi "Izithombe Ezihlekisayo" - VN) Beza kuleyo mihlangano ebizwa ngokuthi “imihlangano emnyama” nemidwebo yabo. Imihlangano yayiqhutshelwa ekamelweni elinezihlalo eziningi netafula elilodwa kuphela. U-Ivan Maksimovich wayehlezi etafuleni. Wabuka wonke umuntu wayesebuza: “Pho, ubani onesibindi?” Omunye wabaculi abanohlonze uzophuma amnikeze imidwebo yabo. Wazikhombisa wonke umuntu owayekhona futhi waqapha ukusabela: uma abantu bemamatheka, imidwebo yayibekwa eceleni. Uma kungekho ukusabela, hamba kwenye.
Ngokwezindaba, ngezinye izikhathi babephuma “emihlanganweni emnyama” behleka baze bafikelwe ukuhayiza. Futhi ngokujwayelekile, uma sibheka izikhumbuzo, isimo sokusebenza ku-"Funny Pictures" sasikhumbuza kakhulu iStrugatskys '"NgoMsombuluko Iqala ngoMgqibelo" - ngamahlaya asebenzayo, ukugcona, ukuphuza ngezikhathi ezithile iziphuzo ezidumile, kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu - uthando olungenangqondo umsebenzi wabo.
Benza umagazini wezingane ongcono kakhulu emhlabeni futhi abavumanga lutho oluncane.
Umagazini lapho, ngokwesibonelo, kwanyatheliswa khona amahlaya angavamile eSoviet Union kusukela ekuqaleni, futhi lesi akusona isifenqo. Nansi ingoma kaSemenov edumile ethi "Petya Ryzhik" evela kumagazini wokuqala:
Umagazini lapho amaciko aphambili emhlabeni angangabazi ukusebenzisana nawo: uJean Effel waseFrance, uRaoul Verdini wase-Italy, u-Herluf Bidstrup waseDenmark.
Nokho, ngezinye izikhathi ukubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe kwakuphenduka izinkinga ezinkulu. Ngakho-ke, ekupheleni kuka-August 1968, kwanyatheliswa inguqulo emangalisayo "Izithombe Ezihlekisayo".
Phakathi kokunye, yayikuphi inganekwane engenacala yomlobi waseCzech uVaclav Čtvrtek (ziwabiza kanjani lezi zibongo?) “Izinambuzane Ezimbili.” Nangu yena:
Futhi konke bekuyoba kuhle, kodwa kwaba ngesikhathi sokushicilelwa komagazini lapho i-"Prague Spring" edumile iphetha ngokusungulwa kwamasosha avela emazweni e-socialist commonwealth eCzechoslovakia.
I-Operation Danube iyaqala, amaRussia, amaPole kanye namaMagyar okukhulunywe ngawo ngenhla ashayela amathangi enhloko-dolobha yaseCzech, amaCzech akha izindonga, umngcele u-Yevtushenko uqamba inkondlo ethi “Amathangi adlula ePrague,” abaphikisi benza umbhikisho eRed Square, izitha zikhala ngokushintshana. amaza omsakazo, i-KGB ime ezindlebeni futhi kubonakala sengathi idluliselwe endaweni yamasosha.
Futhi ngalesi sikhathi, "Izithombe Ezihlekisayo" zitshela yonke iSoviet Union ukuthi manje sekunezinyoni eziningi ePrague eziqoba izinambuzane zaseCzech ngakho-ke zidinga ukuphuma ePrague.
Ngalezo zinsuku, amakhanda andiza kancane - "I-Technology for Youth" yacishe yavalwa ngezikhathi eziningi ze-Vegetarian Chernenkov.
"Ezithombeni Ezihlekisayo," njengoba umuntu ohlakaniphe kakhulu esevele eqagele, isiphithiphithi esenzekayo sabhebhethekiswa ukuntuleka kokucwaninga. Ukuthumela udaba endlini yokunyathelisa, isignesha yomhleli oyinhloko yanele.
Kodwa futhi lokhu kwakusho ukuthi naye, uzobhekana nakho konke.
Njengoba abasebenzi bekhumbula, cishe amasonto amabili kwaba sengathi kulele indoda efile ehhovisi labahleli - wonke umuntu wayegudla udonga futhi ekhuluma yedwa ehleba. USemyonov wayehlala evaliwe ehhovisi lakhe, ephula ukuvinjelwa kwakhe, ebhema engapheli futhi ekhohlisa ifoni.
Base beqala ukudonsa umoya kancane.
Kwaphephetha.
Awuzange uqaphele.
Futhi uma umuntu eqaphela, abazange bathumbe.
Besisawuthanda umagazini kaSemyonov. Babeyithanda kakhulu. Bobabili izingane nabazali bazo.
Ukuze kungapheli nalokhu kuhlanya kweSoviet, amagama ambalwa mayelana nombono okhaliphile nge "Merry Men Club" kanye nomlingiswa odume kakhulu ka-Ivan Semyonov.
Ngisho nasesiteji sokudala umagazini, weza ne-mascot yephephabhuku - umculi wemilingo we-shaggy ogqoke isigqoko esimnyama, i-blouse eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nomnsalo obomvu.
Futhi-ke banquma ukumtholela inkampani - abalingiswa bezinganekwane abadumile ababezohlala egumbini ngegumbi. Ukwakhiwa kokuqala kweKlabhu kwakunamalungu amahlanu kuphela: iKarandash, iBuratino, iCipollino, iPerushka neGurvinek.
Futhi kumagazini wokuqala ngqa, abafundi abasebasha baqala ukwethulwa kubo, beqala, ngokwemvelo, ngosihlalo waphakade.
Uma abangane bakaSemenov bebazi ukuthi umbono wabo ongahleliwe, owenziwe ngamadolo, uzoba yinto yangempela yamasiko, ukuthi amakhathuni azokwenziwa mayelana ne-"Merry Men Club" futhi izihloko zesayensi zizobhalwa, ukuthi izizukulwane ezimbalwa zabantu zizokhulela kuyo. .
Abantu namuhla abadweba ifilosofi, ngingasho, ama-caricatures. Njengalena engiyibiza ngokuthi "Abaphilayo Nabafileyo."
Ipensela elinenkanyezi emakhathuni amahlanu,
waba iqhawe lezincwadi ezingenakubalwa,
Kuze kube yilolu suku kuseyi-mascot yomagazini othi "Izithombe Ezihlekisayo" kanye nendalo edume kakhulu yomculi omkhulu wezingane u-Ivan Semyonov.
Akukona nje ukuqondana ukuthi, ngokwesibonelo, uViktor Chizhikov, owaqala ukusebenza ku-"Funny Pictures" njengomfundi owenza unyaka wesithathu e-Moscow Printing Institute, njalo wadonsa uthisha wakhe nomlingiswa wakhe amthandayo. Ngokwesibonelo:
Noma lapha:
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngakolunye uhlangothi loMhlaba, e-Australia, kuhlala iwele lePencil yethu. Futhi nge-blouse kanye nomnsalo.
Silindele imibuzo engenakugwenywa - Ipensela yethu ineminyaka emithathu ubudala, umdwebi womlingo wase-Australia uvele ngo-1959. Igama lalo mlingisi nguMister Squiggle, futhi wayeyisihlabani somdlalo wegama elifanayo owadlala kumabonakude wase-Australia iminyaka engamashumi amane, kusukela ngo-1959 kuya ku-1999.
UMnu. Squiggle ungupopayi onepensela esikhundleni sekhala, owaqale waqeda “imibhalo” ethunyelwe izingane futhi wayenza yaba imidwebo egcwele, wabe esekhula waba umbukiso wakhe wehora nesigamu nezivakashi ezimenyiwe kanye nekhonsathi. izinombolo.
NgoFebhuwari 2019, abantu base-Australia ababongayo bakhipha uchungechunge lwezinhlamvu zemali ezingama-$60 ukuze bagubhe iminyaka engama-XNUMX yomlingiswa wabo oyisithonjana ebuntwaneni.
Futhi Ipensela yethu ayizange isithole ngisho isitembu sokuposa sokugubha usuku lwakhe lokuzalwa.
Kuyo yonke inkumbulo yami kukhona ukubonga okuqotho kuphela kubafundi bangaphambili baka-Okthoba ngobungane obujabulisayo.
Source: www.habr.com