Umthethosivivinywa ekusebenzeni okuzimele kweRunet kwathunyelwa ku-State Duma ngoDisemba 14, 2018, nangoFebhuwari. . Ababhali: USenator Lyudmila Bokova, USenator Andrei Klishas kanye nePhini lika-Andrei Lugovoy.
Kulungiselwe izichibiyelo eziningi zombhalo ozofundwa okwesibili, okuhlanganisa nowodwa obaluleke kakhulu. Izindleko zabaqhubi be-Telecom zokuthenga nokunakekela izisetshenziswa izonxeshezelwa ngesabelomali. Mayelana nakho omunye wababhali balo mthethosivivinywa, uSenator Lyudmila Bokova.
Njengoba wazi, umthethosivivinywa ibeka izibopho ezintsha kubaqhubi bezingcingo kanye nabanikazi bezindawo zokushintshana kwethrafikhi futhi inikeze amandla engeziwe ku-Roskomnadzor.
Ikakhulukazi, opharetha bezingcingo banesibopho soku:
- Landela imithetho yomzila esungulwe yiRoskomnadzor.
- Lungisa umzila njengoba kudingwa yi-Roskomnadzor.
- Lapho uxazulula amagama wesizinda, sebenzisa isofthiwe ne-hardware egunyazwe i-Roskomnadzor, kanye nesistimu yegama lesizinda sikazwelonke.
- Sebenzisa kuphela ama-IXP asuka kusibhalisi se-IXP.
- Bika ngokushesha ku-Roskomnadzor ulwazi mayelana namakheli akho enethiwekhi, imizila yemiyalezo yokuxhumana ngocingo, isofthiwe nehardware esetshenzisiwe, edingekayo ekuxazululeni amagama wesizinda kanye nengqalasizinda yamanethiwekhi okuxhumana.
Kuhlongozwa ukuthi kungezwe i-athikili 66.1 yoMthetho “Omayelana Nezokuxhumana” ngesigaba esilandelayo:
"Ezimeni ezisongela ubuqotho, ukuzinza nokuphepha kokusebenza endaweni ye-Russian Federation yenethiwekhi ye-Intanethi kanye nenethiwekhi yezokuxhumana yomphakathi ingenziwa. ukuphathwa okumaphakathi kwenethiwekhi yomphakathi yezokuxhumana isigungu esiphezulu sikahulumeni esenza imisebenzi yokulawula nokwengamela emkhakheni wezindaba, ukuxhumana ngobuningi, ubuchwepheshe bezolwazi kanye nezokuxhumana, ngendlela enqunywe uHulumeni waseRussian Federation, okuhlanganisa, phakathi kokunye, izinyathelo zokuqeda izinsongo zobuqotho, ukuzinza kanye ukuphepha kokusebenza endaweni ye-Russian Federation ye-Intanethi kanye namanethiwekhi okuxhumana nomphakathi.
...
Ukuphathwa okumaphakathi kwenethiwekhi yokuxhumana nomphakathi kwenziwa ngokuphatha izindlela zobuchwepheshe zokubala izinsongo kanye (noma) ngokudlulisa imiyalelo eyisibopho kubaqhubi bezingcingo, abanikazi noma abanikazi bamanethiwekhi okuxhumana ezobuchwepheshe, kanye nabanye abantu abanenombolo yohlelo oluzimele.”
Njengoba kushiwo ephepheni elinencazelo, "umthetho wobumbano osalungiswa walungiswa kucatshangelwa isimo esinolaka se-US National Cyber Security Strategy eyamukelwa ngoSepthemba 2018."
NgoDisemba, iqembu elisebenzayo elithi "Communications and IT" loMkhandlu Wochwepheshe ngaphansi kukaHulumeni weRussian Federation embhalweni wesikweletu. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, izindleko zesikhathi esisodwa kuphela zingafinyelela kuma-ruble ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-25. umsebenzi wokucwaninga nokuthuthukiswa, ukudala nokugcina irejista yezindawo zokushintshana kwethrafikhi, ukwandisa abasebenzi bezinhlaka ezingaphansi kwe-Roskomnadzor kanye nokwenza izivivinyo. Ukwengeza, isinxephezelo kubaqhubi be-telecom sizodingeka uma kwenzeka ukuphazamiseka kwenethiwekhi, ingozi ehlolwa abahlanganyeli bemboni njengephezulu. Kufanele zihlinzekelwe kusabelomali sombuso ezingeni elifinyelela ku-10% wevolumu yemakethe, okungukuthi, ama-ruble ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-134. ngonyaka.
Ekuqaleni kwakucatshangwa ukuthi ukuqaliswa komthetho ngeke kudinge izimali zesabelomali. Kodwa kwasheshe kwacaca ukuthi akunjalo. Kulo nyaka, uhulumeni waseRussia ushicilele isibuyekezo somthethosivivinywa ogxeka ukulungiswa kwezezimali nezomnotho, okunikezwa encwadini ehambisana nayo. Ukugxekwa kungenxa yokuthi ukulungisiswa kwezezimali nezomnotho “akuchazi imithombo nenqubo yokugcwalisa uhlobo olusha lwezibopho zezindleko.”
“Siyazi into eyodwa okwamanje - ukuthi izimali [zesabelomali] ezinjalo zizodingeka, futhi izindleko zisacutshungulwa njengamanje. Ngokusobala, sidinga ukuwacabanga nge-dynamics futhi. Ngoba noma yiziphi izinhlelo zokulawula, izinhlelo zokuvikela ziboshelwe, phakathi kwezinye izinto, emthwalweni - kanye nakuma-dynamics of the load and network throughput, futhi manje ikhula cishe ngokuqhuma, futhi minyaka yonke kukhona ukwanda okukhulu kwethrafikhi namandla. izidingo,” - NgoFebhuwari 5, iPhini likaNdunankulu weRussian Federation uMaxim Akimov.
Futhi manje siyabona ukuthi ababhali bayixazulula kanjani inkinga. Ukube baqale bamemezela ukuthi lo mthethosivivinywa uzodinga izindleko ezinkulu zesabelomali, khona-ke lo mbhalo wawungafakwa ekomitini lezomnotho (ngokwethiyori) - wawungeke ufinyelele nhlobo ku-State Duma. Kodwa bathi ukuhlukanisa i-Runet ngeke kudinge izindleko zesabelomali. Umthethosivivinywa wamukelwe ekufundweni kokuqala. Futhi manje ababhali bayachibiyela ukuthi lolu hlelo lusazoxhaswa ngesabelomali.
Isinxephezelo esivela kwisabelomali "yiyona ndlela kuphela," kuchaza uSenator Bokova. Uma kungenjalo, opharetha be-telecom kuzodingeka bathwale izindleko ezengeziwe. “Njengoba imishini yezobuchwepheshe ehlelelwe ukufakwa izothengwa kwisabelomali, ukugcinwa kwalezi zisetshenziswa kumele kubuyiselwe kusabelomali,” kusho yena.
Umusho wokuzihlangula
Esinye isichibiyelo siphathelene nokukhululwa kwabahlinzeki esikweletini esiya kumakhasimende uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka kwenethiwekhi ngenxa yokusebenza “kwezindlela ezikhethekile zokubhekana nezinsongo.”
Ukukhululwa esikweletini kwakuhlinzekelwe kumthethosivivinywa kusukela ekuqaleni. Kodwa bekungacaci ukuthi ubani ozonxephezela abasebenzisi ngokulahleka okungenzeka kuleli cala. USenator Bokova uhlongoza ukukhokhisa lezi zindleko kwisabelomali sombuso. Ngokombono wakhe, uma ithuba lokunxeshezelwa kokulahlekelwa ngezindleko zombuso linikezwa, khona-ke "izikhulu zizocabanga kabili ngaphambi kokuthatha isinqumo sokungenelela kunethiwekhi."
"Ngaphambi kokuthi uvule iswishi, cabanga izikhathi eziyishumi ngokuthi lokhu kuzowathinta kanjani amanethiwekhi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izinsizakalo ezibucayi zizothinteka - i-telemedicine, izinkokhelo, ukudluliswa kwedatha, lapho lokhu kwenzeka nge-intanethi," kusho u-senator.
Ngokusekelwe emazwini okugcina e-senator (mayelana ne-switch), umuntu angenza ukucabanga ukuthi uhlelo lwethulwa hhayi ukuvikela, kodwa ngezenzo ezisebenzayo engxenyeni yeziphathimandla.
Iminithi lokunakekelwa kusuka ku-UFO
Lokhu okuqukethwe kungenzeka kubangele imizwa engqubuzanayo, ngakho-ke ngaphambi kokubhala amazwana, hlaziya okuthile okubalulekile:
Ungabhala kanjani amazwana futhi usinde
- Ungabhali imibono ecasulayo, ungazitholi okomuntu siqu.
- Gwema ulimi olunenhlamba nokuziphatha okunobuthi (ngisho nangendlela emboziwe).
- Ukuze ubike amazwana aphula imithetho yesayithi, sebenzisa inkinobho ethi "Bika" (uma ikhona) noma .
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Source: www.habr.com