Incoma le ncwadi . Uvame ukusho lesi sisho Kodwa inguquko yamakhompiyutha isiqalile. Ngokunembayo, kwaqalwa. Kwaqalwa abantu abathile, abanezimiso ezithile, futhi babenombono, imibono, icebo. Ngokusekelwe kuziphi izakhiwo abavukeli benguquko abakha icebo labo? Ngaziphi izizathu? Babehlele ukuholela kuphi isintu? Sikusiphi isigaba manje?
(Siyabonga ngokuhumusha Noma ubani ofuna ukusiza ngokuhumusha - bhala umlayezo womuntu siqu noma i-imeyili [i-imeyili ivikelwe])
Amabhayisikili amathathu.
Yilokhu uTracy akukhumbula kakhulu ngePentagon.
Kwaba sekupheleni kuka-1962, noma mhlawumbe ekuqaleni kuka-1963. Kunoma yikuphi, kwase kudlule isikhathi esincane kakhulu kusukela umkhaya kaTracy usuka eBoston ngomsebenzi omusha kayise eMnyangweni Wezokuvikela. Umoya eWashington wawugcwele amandla nengcindezi kahulumeni omusha, osemusha. Inkinga yaseCuba, uDonga lwaseBerlin, imashi ilwela amalungelo abantu - konke lokhu kwenza uTracy oneminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu wazulazula ikhanda. Akumangazi ukuthi insizwa ibambe ngenjabulo isicelo sikayise sangoMgqibelo sokuya ehhovisi ukuyolanda amaphepha akhohliwe. UTracy wayemangele nje iPentagon.
IPentagon iyindawo emangalisayo ngempela, ikakhulukazi uma uyibuka eduze. Izinhlangothi zingamamitha angaba ngu-300 ubude futhi zime ekukhuphukeni kancane, njengedolobha elingemuva kwezindonga. UTracy noyise bashiye imoto endaweni enkulu yokupaka baqonda emnyango ongaphambili. Ngemva kokudlula ezinqubweni ezihlaba umxhwele zokuphepha eposini, lapho u-Tracy asayina khona futhi wathola ibheji lakhe, yena noyise behla ngephaseji bangena enhliziyweni yezokuvikela ze-Free World. Futhi into yokuqala u-Tracy ayibona kwakuyisosha eselincane elibukeka sengathi lizimisele, lihlehla lehla nasephaseji - lihamba ngebhayisikili elinamasondo amathathu. Wahambisa imeyili.
Okungenangqondo. Akunangqondo neze. Nokho, isosha eligibele ibhayisikili elinamasondo amathathu lalibukeka lizimisele ngokwedlulele futhi ligxile emsebenzini walo. Futhi uTracy kwadingeka avume: amabhayisikili amathathu ayenengqondo, uma kubhekwa amaphasishi amade kakhulu. Naye wayeseqalile ukusola ukuthi kuzobathatha unomphela ukufika ehhovisi.
UTracy wamangala ukuthi uyise waze wasebenzela iPentagon. Wayengumuntu ojwayelekile ngokuphelele, engesona isikhulu, engeyena usopolitiki. Ubaba wayebukeka njengengane esikhule kakhulu, insizwa ende evamile, enezihlathi kancane, egqoke i-tracksuit e-tweed kanye nezibuko ezinozimele omnyama. Ngaso leso sikhathi, ubuso bakhe bubonakala bunonya, sengathi uhlezi ehlela iqhinga elithile. Thatha, isibonelo, ukudla kwasemini, okungekho muntu ongakubiza ngokuthi evamile uma ubaba ethatha ngokungathí sina. Naphezu kokusebenza ePentagon (efundwa ngaphandle kwedolobha), ubaba wayehlale ebuya ezodla isidlo sasemini nomkhaya wakhe, abese ephindela ehhovisi. Kwakumnandi: ubaba wayexoxa izindaba, ekhuluma amazwi ahlabayo, ngezinye izikhathi eqala ukuhleka kuze kube sekupheleni; nokho wahleka ngendlela ethelelanayo kwaze kwasala nje ukuhleka naye. Into yokuqala ayenza lapho efika ekhaya kwakuwukubuza uTracy nodadewabo uLindsay oneminyaka engu-13 ubudala, “Yini eniyenzile namuhla ebonisa ukungabi naluzwela, ubuciko, noma ethakazelisayo?” futhi wayenesithakazelo ngempela. UTracy noLindsay bakhumbula usuku lonke, behlola izenzo ababezithathile futhi bezama ukuzihlela ngezigaba ezimisiwe.
Izidlo zakusihlwa nazo bezihlaba umxhwele. Umama nobaba babethanda ukuzama ukudla okusha nokuvakashela izindawo zokudlela ezintsha. Ngaso leso sikhathi, ubaba, owayelindele i-oda, akazange avumele uLindsay noTracy ukuba banesithukuthezi, ebajabulisa ngezinkinga ezinjengokuthi “Uma isitimela siya entshonalanga ngesivinini esingamamayela angu-40 ngehora, futhi indiza ingaphambi kwalokho. nge…”. UTracy wayekwazi ukuzixazulula ekhanda lakhe. ULindsey wayezenza nje intombazane enamahloni eneminyaka eyishumi nantathu.
“Kulungile, Lindsay,” uBaba wabe esebuza, “uma isondo lebhayisikili ligingqika phansi, ingabe wonke ama-spokes ahamba ngesivinini esifanayo?”
"Kunjalo!"
“Maye, cha,” kuphendula ubaba, futhi wachaza ukuthi kungani umuntu okhulumela phansi enganyakazi, kuyilapho okhulumela phezulu ehamba ngokushesha okuphindwe kabili njengebhayisikili - edweba amagrafu nemidwebo kuma-napkins ebengahlonipha uLeonardo da. UVinci ngokwakhe. (Kwake kwathi enkomfeni, omunye umfana wanikeza ubaba u-$50 ngemidwebo yakhe).
Kuthiwani ngemibukiso abayihambelayo? Ngezimpelasonto, umama wayethanda ukuba nesikhathi sokuba yedwa, futhi ubaba wayethatha uTracy noLindsey bayobona imidwebo, ngokuvamile e-National Gallery of Art. Ngokuvamile, laba babeyi-impressionists ethandwa ngubaba: uHugo, uMonet, uPicasso, uCezanne. Wakuthanda ukukhanya, ukukhazimula okwakubonakala kudlula kula maseyili. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ubaba wachaza indlela yokubheka imidwebo esekelwe kunqubo "yokufaka umbala" (wayeyisazi sokusebenza kwengqondo eHarvard naseMIT). Isibonelo, uma uvala iso elilodwa ngesandla sakho, susa amamitha angu-5 kude nomdwebo, bese ususa ngokushesha isandla sakho futhi ubheke umdwebo ngawo womabili amehlo, indawo ebushelelezi izogoba ngezilinganiso ezintathu. Futhi kuyasebenza! Wazulazula egalari noTracy noLindsey amahora, ngamunye wabo ebuka imidwebo evale iso elilodwa.
Ayebukeka eyinqaba. Kodwa bebelokhu bengumndeni ongajwayelekile (ngendlela enhle). Uma kuqhathaniswa nabangane babo basesikoleni, uTracy noLindsay babehlukile. Okukhethekile. Unolwazi. Ubaba wayethanda ukuhamba, ngokwesibonelo, ngakho uTracy noLindsey bakhula becabanga ukuthi kungokwemvelo ukuhambahamba eYurophu noma eCalifornia isonto noma inyanga. Eqinisweni, abazali babo bachitha imali eningi kakhulu ekuhambeni kunefenisha, yingakho umuzi wabo omkhulu wesitayela sama-Victorian eMassachusetts wawuhlotshiswe ngesitayela "samabhokisi namabhodi awolintshi". Ngaphezu kwabo, umama nobaba bagcwalisa indlu nabalingisi, abalobi, abadlali kanye nezinye izinto ezingavamile, futhi lokhu akubali abafundi bakababa, ababengatholakala kunoma iyiphi indawo. Umama, uma kunesidingo, wabathumela ngqo ehhovisi likababa esitezi sesi-3, lapho kwakukhona itafula elizungezwe yinqwaba yamaphepha. Ubaba akazange afake lutho. Nokho, phezu kwedeski lakhe wayephethe uswidi wokudla, okwakufanele unqande ukudla kwakhe, futhi ubaba ayewudla njengoswidi ovamile.
Ngamanye amazwi, ubaba wayengeyona indoda ongayilindela ukuthi uzoyithola isebenza ePentagon. Nokho, lapha yena noTracy bahamba emaphasishi amade.
Ngesikhathi befika ehhovisi likayise, uTracy wacabanga ukuthi bahambe ubude bezinkundla zebhola. Ebona ihhovisi, wazizwa... ukudumala? Omunye nje umnyango ephaseji eligcwele izicabha. Ngemuva kwayo kunekamelo elivamile, elipendwe ngombala oluhlaza ojwayelekile webutho, itafula, izihlalo ezimbalwa, namakhabethe amaningana anamafayela. Kwakukhona iwindi lapho umuntu ekwazi ukubona udonga olugcwele amafasitela afanayo. UTracy wayengazi ukuthi ihhovisi lePentagon kufanele libe njani, kodwa ngokuqinisekile kwakungelona igumbi elinjengaleli.
Empeleni uTracy wayengenaso isiqiniseko sokuthi ubaba wakhe wenzani kuleli hhovisi usuku lonke. Umsebenzi wakhe wawungeyona imfihlo, kodwa wasebenza eMnyangweni Wezokuvikela, futhi uyise wakuthatha ngokungathi sína lokhu, hhayi ikakhulukazi ekhuluma ngomsebenzi wakhe ekhaya. Futhi eqinisweni, lapho eneminyaka engu-15, uTracy wayengenandaba nokuthi ubaba wayenzani. Ukuphela kwento ayeqiniseka ngayo ukuthi uyise wayesendleleni eya ebhizinisini elikhulu, futhi wachitha isikhathi esiningi ezama ukwenza abantu benze izinto, futhi konke kwakuhlobene namakhompyutha.
Akumangazi. Uyise wayejabule ngamakhompyutha. E-Cambridge, enkampanini amalungu eqembu likababa lokucwaninga ayenekhompiyutha ayeyilungise ngezawo izandla. Kwakuwumshini omkhulu, olingana neziqandisi eziningana. Eduze kwakhe kubekwe ikhibhodi, isikrini esibonisa ukuthi uthayipha ini, ipeni elilula - konke obungaphupha ngakho. Kwakukhona ngisho nesofthiwe ekhethekile eyayivumela abantu abambalwa ukuthi basebenze ngesikhathi esisodwa besebenzisa amatheminali amaningana. Ubaba wayedlala ngomshini ubusuku nemini, eqopha izinhlelo. Ngezimpelasonto, wayekhipha uTracy noLindsey ukuze nabo badlale (bese beyothenga amabhega namafrimu kwaHoward Johnson ngaphesheya komgwaqo; kwafika lapho oweta bengasalindi ngisho nama-oda abo. , ngiphakela ama-burger ngokushesha nje lapho bebona abajwayelekile). Ubaba waze wababhalela nothisha we-electronic. Uma uthayiphe kahle igama, lizothi “Okwamukelekayo.” Uma bengingalungile - "Dumbkopf". (Lokhu kwaba iminyaka ngaphambi kokuba othile akhombe ubaba ukuthi igama lesiJalimane elithi "Dummkopf" alinawo u-b)
UTracy wayephatha izinto ezinjengalezi njengento engokwemvelo; waze wazifundisa nohlelo. Kodwa manje, ebheka emuva eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-40, enombono omusha weminyaka, uyaqaphela ukuthi mhlawumbe yingakho engazange anake kakhulu lokho uyise akwenza ePentagon. Wonakele. Wayefana nalezo zingane namuhla ezizungezwe izithombe ze-3D, zidlala ama-DVD futhi zihlola inethi, ziyithatha kalula. Ngenxa yokuthi wabona uyise esebenzisana namakhompiyutha (exoxa ngokujabula), uTracy wacabanga ukuthi amakhompyutha awabo bonke abantu. Wayengazi (wayengenaso isizathu esithile sokuzibuza) ukuthi kubantu abaningi igama elithi computer lisasho ibhokisi elikhulu, elingaqondakali elilingana nodonga lwegumbi, indlela esabekayo, engenakunyakaziswa, enonya ebasebenzelayo - enkulu. izikhungo - ngokucindezela abantu babe izinombolo emakhadini ahlotshisiwe. UTracy wayengenaso isikhathi sokuqaphela ukuthi uyise wayengomunye wabantu abambalwa emhlabeni ababebheka ubuchwepheshe futhi babone ukuthi kungenzeka into entsha ngokuphelele.
Ubaba wayehlala ephupha, insizwa eyayibuza njalo ukuthi “kungenzekani uma...?” Wayekholelwa ukuthi ngelinye ilanga wonke amakhompyutha azofana nomshini wakhe oseCambridge. Bazocaca futhi bajwayele. Bazokwazi ukuphendula abantu futhi bathole ubuntu babo. Azoba indlela entsha yokukhuluma (ngokwakho). Bazoqinisekisa ukufinyelela kwentando yeningi olwazini, baqinisekise ukuxhumana, futhi bahlinzeke ngendawo entsha yokuhweba nokusebenzisana. Emkhawulweni, bazongena ku-symbiosis nabantu, bakhe uxhumano olukwazi ukucabanga ngamandla amakhulu kunalokho umuntu angacabanga, kodwa ukucubungula ulwazi ngezindlela okungekho mshini ongacabanga ngazo.
Futhi ubaba ePentagon wenza konke okusemandleni ukuguqula ukholo lwakhe lusebenze. Isibonelo, e-MIT wethula , ukuhlolwa kwekhompuyutha yomuntu siqu kokuqala emhlabeni wonke. Abaphathi bomsebenzi babengenalo ithemba lokunikeza wonke umuntu ikhompyutha yomuntu siqu, hhayi ezweni lapho ikhompiyutha eshibhe kakhulu ibiza amakhulu ezinkulungwane zamaRandi. Kepha bangasakaza amatheminali akude ayishumi nambili kuwo wonke amakhampasi nezakhiwo zokuhlala. Futhi-ke, ngokunikeza isikhathi, bangakwazi uku-oda umshini ophakathi ukuthi usakaze izingcezu ezincane zesikhathi sokucubungula kakhulu, ngokushesha kakhulu, ukuze umsebenzisi ngamunye abe nomuzwa wokuthi umshini uphendula kuye ngabanye. Uhlelo lusebenze kahle ngendlela emangalisayo. Eminyakeni embalwa nje, i-Project MAC ayigcinanga nje ngokuletha amakhulukhulu abantu ekusebenzisaneni namakhompuyutha, kodwa futhi yaba umphakathi wokuqala we-inthanethi emhlabeni, inweba ebhodini lezaziso lokuqala le-inthanethi, i-imeyili, ukushintshana kwamahhala—nabaduni. Lesi simo senhlalo kamuva sazibonakalisa emiphakathini eku-inthanethi yenkathi ye-inthanethi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amatheminali akude abonakale "njengesikhungo solwazi lwasekhaya," umbono obulokhu uzungeza emiphakathini yezobuchwepheshe kusukela ngawo-1970. Umbono ogqugquzele umthala wama-geek amancane afana ne-Jobs ne-Wozniak ukwethula okuthile okubizwa nge-microcomputer emakethe.
Ngaleso sikhathi, ubaba kaTracy wayenobungani nensizwa enamahloni eyafika kuye cishe ngosuku lokuqala lomsebenzi wakhe omusha ePentagon, futhi imibono yayo "Yokuthuthukiswa Kobuhlakani Bomuntu" yayifana nemibono ye-symbiosis yomuntu-computer. ngaphambili kwakuyizwi lamaphupho ethu angalawuleki. Abaphathi bakhe e-SRI International (kamuva eyaba yiSilicon Valley) babheka uDouglas njengohlanya oluphelele. Nokho, uyise Tracy wanikeza Engelbart usizo lwezimali lokuqala (ngasikhathi sinye emvikela kubaphathi), futhi Engelbart neqembu lakhe basungula igundane, amafasitela, hypertext, iphrosesa amagama kanye nesisekelo ezinye emisha. Ukwethulwa kuka-Engelbart ngo-1968 engqungqutheleni eyayiseSan Francisco kwamangaza izinkulungwane zabantu - futhi kamuva kwaba inguquko emlandweni wamakhompyutha, isikhathi lapho isizukulwane esikhulayo sochwepheshe bamakhompiyutha ekugcineni sabona ukuthi yini engafinyelelwa ngokusebenzisana nekhompyutha. Akumane kwaqondana ukuthi amalungu esizukulwane esisha athole usizo lwezemfundo ekusekelweni kukababa kaTracy nabalandeli bakhe ePentagon - izingxenye zalesi sizukulwane kamuva zabuthana e-PARC, iPalo Alto Research Center ephethwe nguXerox. Lapho baphilise umbono kayise we-“symbiosis”, ngendlela esisebenzisa ngayo amashumi eminyaka kamuva: ikhompyutha yabo siqu, enesikrini sesithombe negundane, i-graphic interface yomsebenzisi enamafasitela, izithonjana, amamenyu, imigoqo yokuskrola, njll. Amaphrinta we-Laser. Futhi amanethiwekhi endawo e-Ethernet ukuze axhume konke ndawonye.
Futhi ekugcineni, kwaba khona ukuxhumana. Ngesikhathi esebenzela iPentagon, ubaba kaTracy wachitha isikhathi esiningi esebenza ekuhambeni ngendiza, njalo efuna amaqembu ocwaningo angawodwa asebenza ngezihloko ezihambisana nombono wakhe we-symbiosis yomuntu namakhompyutha. Umgomo wakhe kwakuwukubahlanganisa babe umphakathi owodwa, inhlangano yokuziphilisa eyayingase iqhubekele ephusheni lakhe ngisho nangemva kokuba esehambile eWashington. Ngo-Ephreli 25, 1963 waveza ingxenye ebalulekile yesu lakhe: ukuhlanganisa wonke amakhompiyutha angawodwana (hhayi amakhompiyutha omuntu siqu - isikhathi sawo asikakafiki) abe yinethiwekhi yekhompiyutha eyodwa ehlanganisa izwekazi lonke. Ubuchwepheshe obukhona benethiwekhi bakudala abuzange buvumele ukudala isistimu enjalo, okungenani ngaleso sikhathi. Nokho, isizathu sobaba sase sisekude kakhulu. Ngokushesha wayesekhuluma nge-Intergalactic Network njengendawo ye-elekthronikhi evulekele wonke umuntu, “indlela eyinhloko neyisisekelo yokuxhumana kohulumeni, izinhlangano, izinhlangano, nabantu.” I-e-union izosekela i-e-banking, ezentengiselwano, imitapo yolwazi yedijithali, “Imihlahlandlela Yokutshalwa Kwezimali, Iseluleko Sentela, ukusatshalaliswa okukhethekile kolwazi endaweni yangakini yobungcweti, izimemezelo zamasiko, ezemidlalo, imicimbi yokuzijabulisa” - njll. njalo njalo. Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1960, lo mbono wakhuthaza abahluleli bakapapa abakhethiwe ukuba basebenzise i-Intergalactic Network, manje eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Arpanet. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-1970 baqhubekela phambili, bekhulisa i-Arpanet ibe inethiwekhi yamanethiwekhi manje eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Inthanethi.
Ngamafuphi, ubaba kaTracy wayeyingxenye yokunyakaza kwamandla okwenza amakhompyutha ngendlela esiwazi ngayo: ukuphathwa kwesikhathi, amakhompyutha omuntu siqu, igundane, i-graphical interface yomsebenzisi, ukuqhuma kobuhlakani e-Xerox PARC, kanye ne-inthanethi njengenkazimulo enkulu. kwakho konke. Yiqiniso, ngisho naye wayengenakuyicabanga imiphumela enjalo, okungenani hhayi ngo-1962. Kodwa yilokhu kanye ayekulwela. Phela, yingakho asusa umndeni wakhe ekhaya ababelithanda, yingakho waya eWashington ukuze athole umsebenzi onomsebenzi omningi ayewuzonda kakhulu: wayekholelwa ephusheni lakhe.
Ngoba wanquma ukumbona efezeka.
Ngoba iPentagon - noma ngabe abanye abantu abaphezulu bebengakakuqapheli lokhu - ibikhipha imali ukuze kwenzeke.
Wathi esagoqa amaphepha ubaba kaTracy elungiselela ukuhamba, wakhipha amabheji epulasitiki aluhlaza agcwele isandla. “Le yindlela enijabulisa ngayo abaphathi,” echaza. Ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho uphuma ehhovisi, kufanele umake wonke amafolda edeskini lakho ngebheji: okuluhlaza okokusebenza okusesidlangalaleni, bese kuba phuzi, obomvu, njalo njalo, ngohlelo olukhulayo lokugcinwa kwemfihlo. Okuwubuwula kancane, uma ucabangela ukuthi awuvamile ukudinga enye into ngaphandle kohlaza. Nokho, kunomthetho onjalo, ngakho...
Ubaba kaTracy wanamathisela amapheshana aluhlaza ehhovisi, ukuze noma ubani obhekayo acabange, "Umnikazi wendawo uzimisele ngokuphepha." “Kulungile,” kusho yena, “singahamba.”
UTracy noyise bashiye umnyango wehhovisi emva kwabo, okulengiswe kuwo umbhalo
- futhi waqala ukuhamba ebuyela emuva emaphaseji amade, amade ePentagon, lapho izinsizwa ezingathí sina ezihamba ngamabhayisikili amathathu zaziletha ulwazi lwe-visa kuhulumeni onamandla kakhulu emhlabeni.
Kuzoqhubeka ...
(Siyabonga ngokuhumusha Noma ubani ofuna ukusiza ngokuhumusha - bhala umlayezo womuntu siqu noma i-imeyili [i-imeyili ivikelwe])
Source: www.habr.com