Muva nje, bekuyobonakala kumangalisa ukuthi izazi zezinkanyezi zingasebenzisa izibonakude ukuze zibone amaplanethi azungeze izinkanyezi eziqhelelene namakhulu eminyaka yokukhanya ohlelweni lwethu. Kodwa lokhu kunjalo, lapho izibonakude zasemkhathini ezethulwa ku-orbit zasiza kakhulu. Ikakhulukazi, umkhankaso we-Kepler, ongaphezu kweminyaka eyishumi yomsebenzi oqoqe isisekelo sezinkulungwane zama-exoplanets. Lezi zingobo zomlando zisadinga ukufundwa futhi zifundwe, nezindlela ezintsha zokuhlaziya thola okuthakazelisayo.
Ngokwesibonelo, esihlokweni sakamuva kule ncwadi Ithimba lososayensi abavela eNyuvesi yaseWashington State libike ukukhethwa kwama-exoplanets angama-24, izimo zokuphila ezingahle zibe ngcono kunaseMhlabeni. Ama-exoplanets akhethwa ku-database ye-Kepler orbital telescope mission, ebizwa ngokuthi , lapho iplanethi itholwa ngenkathi idlula kudiski yenkanyezi engumzali wayo.
Kodwa ngaphambi kokubheka βamapharadesiβ angaphandle komhlaba, ososayensi bakha indlela entsha okwakhethwa ngayo. Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kokufuna ama-exoplanets endaweni okuhlalwa kuyo izinkanyezi, lapho amanzi awuketshezi ekwazi ukuhlala eplanethini enamadwala futhi angashisi iqhwa noma abiliswe, kwengezwe amasha amaningana ezicini zokusesha. Okokuqala, kuhlongozwa ukubheka ama-exoplanets ezinhlelweni zezinkanyezi ezincane kancane kuneLanga, okungaba (Ilanga liyisigaba G). Ama-dwarfs ohlobo lwe-K angashisi kancane aphila iminyaka efinyelela ku-70 billion, kuyilapho izinkanyezi zohlobo lwe-G aziphili isikhathi eside futhi ziphila iminyaka engaba yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-10. Indlela eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-70 ubude inganikeza ukuphila ithuba elingcono lokuthuthuka kunendlela emfushane ngokuphindwe kasikhombisa.
Okwesibili, i-exoplanet enkulu kancane kunoMhlaba, ithi ngo-10% omkhulu, inganikeza indawo eyengeziwe yokuphila. Okwesithathu, i-exoplanet enkulu kakhulu, enkulu ngokuphindwe kanye nengxenye kunoMhlaba, ingagcina umkhathi isikhathi eside futhi, ngenxa yomgogodla osebenzayo futhi omkhulu, ingagcina ukushisa isikhathi eside. Okufanayo kusebenza emkhakheni we-electromagnetic, okukholakala ukuthi kungenxa ye-nucleus. Okwesine, uma izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile lonyaka ku-exoplanet lalingaphezulu kuka-5 Β°C kunaseMhlabeni, lokhu kungaba nomthelela omuhle ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.
Ngokuvamile, akekho noyedwa kwabangama-24 abazongenela i-exoplanet indima "yepharadesi" ongaziqhayisa ngayo yonke inkimbinkimbi yezinto ezibangela isiphithiphithi sempilo, kodwa esisodwa sazo kanyekanye senelisa izindlela ezine. Ngakho-ke, ososayensi bakhethe okuhlosiwe ukuze kuqhutshekwe nocwaningo olunzulu lwalabo abazofuna ukuphila okungaphandle. Kodwa amandla nezindlela zesayensi azipheli. Akunakwenzeka ngaphandle komgomo.
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Source: 3dnews.ru