Isidingo sabachwepheshe be-IT abanekhono sikhulu kunangaphambili. Ngenxa yokwenziwa kwedijithali okuphelele kwebhizinisi, abathuthukisi sebephenduke insiza ebaluleke kakhulu ezinkampanini. Nokho, kunzima kakhulu ukuthola abantu abafanelekayo eqenjini; ukuntuleka kwabasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe sekuyinkinga engapheli.
Ukushoda kwabasebenzi emkhakheni we-IT
Isithombe semakethe namuhla yilo: kukhona ochwepheshe abambalwa ngokuyisisekelo, abaqeqeshiwe, futhi abekho ochwepheshe abenziwe ngomumo ezindaweni eziningi ezithandwayo. Ake sibheke amaqiniso nezibalo.
1. Ngokocwaningo olwenziwa yi-Internet Initiatives Development Fund, imfundo yamabanga aphezulu kanye nemfundo ephakeme iletha ochwepheshe be-IT abayizinkulungwane ezingama-60 kuphela emakethe ngonyaka. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, eminyakeni engu-10 umnotho waseRussia ungase ungabi nabathuthukisi abayizigidi ezimbili ukuze bancintisane neNtshonalanga emkhakheni wezobuchwepheshe.
2. Sezivele ziningi izikhala kunezabasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe. Ngokusho kwe-HeadHunter, esikhathini esiyiminyaka emibili kuphela (kusuka ku-2016 kuya ku-2018), izinkampani zaseRussia zishicilele izipesheli zemisebenzi ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-300 zochwepheshe be-IT. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, u-51% wezikhangiso uqondiswe kubantu abanokuhlangenwe nakho konyaka owodwa kuya kwemithathu, u-36% kochwepheshe abanolwazi okungenani lweminyaka emine, futhi u-9% kuphela kwabaqalayo.
3. Ngokocwaningo olwenziwe yi-VTsIOM kanye ne-APKIT, bangu-13% kuphela abathweswe iziqu abakholelwa ukuthi ulwazi lwabo lwanele ukusebenza kumaphrojekthi we-IT wangempela. Amakolishi kanye namanyuvesi athuthuke kakhulu awanazo isikhathi sokujwayela izinhlelo zemfundo nezidingo zemakethe yezabasebenzi. Bakuthola kunzima ukuhambisana noshintsho olusheshayo kubuchwepheshe, izixazululo nemikhiqizo esetshenziswayo.
4. Ngokusho kwe-IDC, u-3,5% kuphela wochwepheshe be-IT abanolwazi lwakamuva. Izinkampani eziningi zaseRussia zivula izikhungo zazo zokuqeqesha ukuze zivale izikhala futhi zilungiselele abasebenzi izidingo zabo.
Isibonelo, i-Parallels inelabhorethri yayo e-MSTU. Bauman nokubambisana okuseduze namanye amanyuvesi aphambili ezobuchwepheshe eRussia, kanye ne-Tinkoff Bank yahlela izifundo eFaculty of Mechanics and Mathematics of Moscow State University kanye nesikole samahhala sabathuthukisi be-fintech.
Akuyona iRussia kuphela ebhekene nenkinga yokushoda kwabasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe. Izinombolo ziyehluka, kodwa isimo sicishe sifane e-USA, Great Britain, Australia, Canada, Germany, France... Kukhona ukushoda okuphelele kochwepheshe emhlabeni wonke. Ngakho-ke, kunomzabalazo wangempela wokuthola okungcono kakhulu. Futhi ama-nuances anjengobuzwe, ubulili, iminyaka yinto yokugcina ekhathaza abaqashi.
Ukufuduka kochwepheshe be-IT baseRussia phesheya
Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi imiqhudelwano yezinhlelo zamazwe ngamazwe ibuswa onjiniyela abavela eRussia. I-Google Code Jam, i-Microsoft Imagine Cup, i-CEPC, i-TopCoder - lolu uhlu oluncane nje lwemiqhudelwano ehlonishwayo lapho ochwepheshe bethu bethola khona amamaki aphakeme kakhulu. Uyazi ukuthi bathini ngabahleli bezinhlelo baseRussia phesheya?
- Uma unenkinga yokuhlela enzima, yinikeze abantu baseMelika. Uma kunzima kakhulu, hamba kumaShayina. Uma ucabanga ukuthi akunakwenzeka, yinike abaseRussia!
Akumangazi ukuthi izinkampani ezifana ne-Google, Apple, IBM, Intel, Oracle, Amazon, Microsoft, kanye ne-Facebook zizingela abathuthukisi bethu ngokungemthetho. Futhi abaqashi balezi zinhlangano abadingi ngisho nokuzama kanzima; iningi lochwepheshe be-IT baseRussia ngokwabo baphupha ngomsebenzi onjalo, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuthuthela phesheya. Kungani? Kunezizathu okungenani ezimbalwa zalokhu.
Ukuholelwa
Yebo, amaholo eRussia awawona amancane (ikakhulukazi kubathuthukisi). Aphakeme kunasemazweni amaningana ase-Asia nase-Afrika. Kodwa e-US nase-EU izimo zikhanga kakhulu ... cishe izikhathi ezintathu kuya kweziyisihlanu. Futhi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bakusho kangakanani ukuthi imali akuyona into eyinhloko, yibo abayisilinganiso sempumelelo emphakathini wanamuhla. Awukwazi ukuthenga injabulo nabo, kodwa ungathenga amathuba amasha kanye nenkululeko ethile. Yilokhu abahamba ngakho.
Amazwe akleliswe kuqala ngokwemiholo. Abathuthukisi besoftware e-Amazon bathola isilinganiso sama- $121 ngonyaka. Ukwenza kucace, lokhu cishe kungama-ruble angama-931 ngenyanga. IMicrosoft ne-Facebook bakhokha ngisho nangaphezulu - $630 kanye ne-$000 ngonyaka, ngokulandelana. I-Europe igqugquzela kancane ngamathemba ezinto ezibonakalayo. EJalimane, isibonelo, iholo lonyaka liyi-$ 140 000, eSwitzerland - $ 135 000. Kodwa kunoma yikuphi, amaholo aseRussia awakafinyeleli eYurophu.
Izici zenhlalo-mnotho
Imali ebuthakathaka nesimo somnotho esingazinzile eRussia, kuhambisana nemibono enengqondo mayelana nokuthi yini engcono phesheya, kuphinde kukhuthaze abathuthukisi abanekhono ukuba bashiye izwe labo. Phela, kubonakala sengathi emazweni angaphandle abstract kunamathuba amaningi, futhi isimo sezulu singcono, futhi umuthi ungcono, futhi ukudla ku-tastier, futhi ngokujwayelekile ukuphila kulula futhi kukhululekile.
Ngokuvamile, ochwepheshe be-IT baqala ukucabanga ngokuhamba ngenkathi besafunda. Sinezibhengezo eziqhakazile nezimemayo ezithi βWork in the USAβ emaphaseji ezikhungo zemfundo ezihamba phambili zezwe, futhi amahhovisi abaqasha atholakala khona kanye kumakhono. Ngokwezibalo abadidiyeli bezinhlelo abane kwabayisithupha baya kosebenza phesheya kungakapheli iminyaka emithathu bethweswe iziqu. Lokhu kudonsa ingqondo kwenza izwe lingabi nabasebenzi abanamakhono adingekayo ukuze kusekelwe umnotho.
Ingabe ikhona indlela yokuphuma?
Okokuqala nje, inqubomgomo yentsha kufanele ibe nomthelela ekuncishisweni kokuphuma kwabasebenzi phesheya. Kusezithakazelweni zombuso ukuqaphela ukuthi isimo esibaluleke kakhulu sokuthuthukiswa komnotho kazwelonke akukhona nje ukuqeqeshwa kwesizukulwane esilandelayo sonjiniyela bamakhompiyutha, kodwa futhi ukufuna izindlela zokuheha nokugcina abasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe ekhaya. Ukuqhudelana kwezwe kuncike kulokhu.
Njengoba kunikezwe abantu abacebile, iRussia kufanele ibe ngesinye sezikhungo zobuchwepheshe emhlabeni. Kodwa leli khono alikakafinyelelwa. Amaqiniso anamuhla anjalo kangangokuthi umbuso uyaphuza ukuphendula "ukudonsa ubuchopho". Ngenxa yalokhu, izinkampani zaseRussia kufanele zincintisane emhlabeni wonke ngethalente elifanayo.
Ungamgcina kanjani unjiniyela obalulekile? Kubalulekile ukutshala imali ekuqeqeshweni kwakhe. Inkambu ye-IT idinga ukubuyekezwa njalo kwamakhono nolwazi. Intuthuko exhaswe yinkampani yinto abantu abaningi abayifunayo futhi abayilindele kubaqashi babo. Ngokuvamile isifiso sokuthuthela kwelinye izwe sihlotshaniswa nokuqiniseka ukuthi eRussia ngeke kwenzeke ukuthuthukisa umsebenzi noma ukufunda ubuchwepheshe obusha. Fakazela okuphambene.
Empeleni, indaba yokuthuthukiswa komuntu siqu ingaxazululwa ngezindlela ezahlukene. Lezi akudingekile ukuba zibe izifundo ezikhokhelwayo noma izingqungquthela zamazwe ngamazwe ezibizayo. Inketho enhle ukunikeza umsebenzi wokusebenza ozokuvumela ukuthi ukwazi kahle ubuchwepheshe obusha noma izilimi zokuhlela. Okungcono yizo wonke umuntu akhuluma ngazo. Onjiniyela bathanda izinselele. Ngaphandle kwabo bayacikeka. Futhi ukuxhumanisa ukuqeqeshwa ngokuqondile namaphrojekthi enkampani kuyinketho yokuwina kubo bobabili abasebenzi nebhizinisi.
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Onjiniyela abanamakhono abafuni umsebenzi olula, ovamile. Banentshisekelo yokuxazulula izinkinga, ukuthola izixazululo zangempela, nokudlulela ngale kwamamodeli ajwayelekile. Ezinkampanini ezinkulu zaseMelika, ochwepheshe bethu be-IT abekho ezikhundleni zokuqala; izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi azivamile ukudluliselwa kubo. Ngakho-ke imisebenzi ethokozisayo ekuvumela ukuthi uthuthukise amakhono endaweni enethezekile yezinhlangano zaseRussia iyindlela enhle yokuphikisa ukukhanga kwamaholo aphezulu e-USA naseYurophu.
Source: www.habr.com