Iqembu labacwaningi abavela e-Paul Scherrer Institute (Villigen, Switzerland) kanye ne-ETH Zurich baye baphenya futhi baqinisekisa ukusebenza kwento ethakazelisayo yamagnetism ezingeni le-athomu. Ukuziphatha okungavamile kwamagnetic ezingeni lamaqoqo e-nanometer kwabikezelwa eminyakeni engu-60 edlule yisazi se-physics yaseSoviet kanye neMelika u-Igor Ekhielevich Dzyaloshinsky. Abacwaningi baseSwitzerland bakwazile ukudala izakhiwo ezinjalo futhi manje babikezela ikusasa eliqhakazile kubo, hhayi nje njengezixazululo zesitoreji, kodwa futhi, ngokungavamile kakhulu, njengokungena esikhundleni sama-transistors kuma-processor anezici ze-nanoscale.
Ezweni lethu, inaliti yekhampasi ihlale ikhomba enyakatho, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukwazi indlela eya empumalanga nasentshonalanga. Ozibuthe be-polarity abaphambene baheha futhi izibuthe ze-unipolar ziyaxosha. Ku-microcosm yesilinganiso sama-athomu amaningana, ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, izinqubo zamagnetic zenzeka ngendlela ehlukile. Esimeni sokusebenzelana kwebanga elifushane lama-athomu e-cobalt, isibonelo, izifunda ezingomakhelwane ze-magnetization eduze nama-athomu abheke enyakatho ziqondiswe entshonalanga. Uma i-orientation ishintsha ukuya eningizimu, khona-ke ama-athomu asendaweni engumakhelwane azoshintsha umumo we-magnetization ngasempumalanga. Okubalulekile, ama-athomu okulawula nama-athomu esigqila atholakala endizeni efanayo. Ngaphambilini, umphumela ofanayo wawubonwa kuphela ezakhiweni ze-athomu ezihleleke ziqonde (esinye ngaphezu kwesinye). Indawo yokulawula nezindawo ezilawulwa endizeni efanayo ivula indlela yokuklama izakhiwo zekhompiyutha nezokugcina.
Ukuqondiswa kukazibuthe kwesendlalelo sokulawula kungashintshwa kokubili ngenkambu ye-electromagnetic kanye namanje. Ngokusebenzisa izimiso ezifanayo, ama-transistors alawulwa. Kusesimweni sama-nanomagnets kuphela lapho i-architecture ingathola umfutho ekuthuthukisweni kokubili ngokokukhiqiza, nangokuphathelene nokonga ukusetshenziswa nokunciphisa indawo yezixazululo (ukunciphisa isikali senqubo yobuchwepheshe). Kulokhu, izindawo ezihlanganisiwe ze-magnetization, ezilawulwa ngokushintsha i-magnetization yezindawo eziyinhloko, zizosebenza njengamasango.
Ukwenzeka kwe-magnetization ehlanganisiwe kwembulwe ekwakhiweni okukhethekile kohlu. Ukwenza lokhu, ungqimba lwe-cobalt oluwugqinsi oluyi-1,6 nm lwaluzungezwe ama-substrates ngenhla nangaphansi: iplatinum ngezansi, ne-aluminium oxide ngenhla (ayibonisiwe esithombeni). Ngaphandle kwalokhu, i-magnetization ehambisana nenyakatho-ntshonalanga naseningizimu-mpumalanga ayizange yenzeke. Futhi, into etholakele ingaholela ekuveleni kwama-antiferromagnets okwenziwa, lokhu kungavula nendlela yobuchwepheshe obusha bokuqoshwa kwedatha.
Source: 3dnews.ru