Ubhubhane kanye nokungaqiniseki kwezomnotho okuhambisana nakho kupholise ukutshalwa kwezimali ezimbonini eziningi, okuhlanganisa nokukhiqiza ama-semiconductor. Lokhu kwenza unyaka ka-2020 kube unyaka wesibili ilandelana lapho uxhaso lwezitshalo lwehlile uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule. Kodwa intwasahlobo yomnotho icindezelwa kuphela emikhawulweni ethile, emva kwalokho ukuqondisa okungenakugwema kulandela. Futhi ukukhululwa kwamandla wezezimali ngeke kube yisikhathi eside esizayo.
Abahlaziyi benhlangano yemboni i-SEMI Unyaka ka-2021 uba unyaka oyisibhengezo wokusetshenziswa kwemali kwemishini yokukhiqiza i-semiconductor emhlabeni jikelele. Izindleko zithembisa ukuthi zizokhuphuka ngo-24% phakathi nonyaka zibe irekhodi lama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-67,7. Izimboni ezikhiqiza inkumbulo ye-DRAM zizohamba phambili (okuyizindaba ezinhle). Izinkampani zizosebenzisa imali efinyelela ku-$30 billion ukwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwenkumbulo.Indawo yesibili mayelana nokutshalwa kwezimali ezimbonini izothathwa ukukhiqizwa okunengqondo kanye nokukhiqizwa kwenkontileka kwama-chips ngokutshalwa kwezimali okuhleliwe okungafika ku-$29 billion.
Ibhizinisi lememori ye-flash ye-3D NAND lizokhuphula izindleko ezinkulu ngisho nangaphambi kwalokho - kulo nyaka, njengoba kulindelekile, ngo-30% unyaka nonyaka. Ngakho-ke, ngonyaka ozayo ukukhula kokutshalwa kwezimali ekuthuthukisweni kokukhiqizwa kwe-3D NAND kuzoba nesizotha - ezingeni le-17% ngonyaka. Ngenkumbulo ye-DRAM kungcono nakakhulu. Uma kulo nyaka izindleko ezinkulu zokukhiqizwa kwe-RAM zehle ngo-11% ngonyaka, khona-ke ngonyaka ozayo zithembisa ukwenyuka ngo-50% ngonyaka. Kulo nyaka wamanje, izinkampani ziphinde zehlisa ukutshalwa kwezimali ekukhiqizweni okunengqondo ngo-11% ngonyaka, kodwa ngo-2021 ukukhula kwezimali ezitshaliwe ngeke kuqine njengoba kwenzeka ku-DRAM futhi kuzofinyelela ku-16% ngokwesilinganiso ngonyaka.
Azikho izinguquko ezihlaba umxhwele ezilindelekile kwezinye izindawo zokukhiqizwa kwe-semiconductor. Ngakho-ke, ukutshalwa kwezimali ekukhiqizweni kwezinzwa zezithombe ngo-2020 kuzokhula ngo-60% futhi kuzongeza amanye ama-36% ngo-2021. Kulo nyaka bazotshala imali engaphezulu kuka-40% ekukhiqizeni i-analog ne-AD logic exubile kunonyaka odlule, futhi ngo-2021 bazokwenyusa izindleko zemali ngomunye u-13%. Kuma-semiconductors kagesi, ukukhula kwe-investimenti kuzoba ngu-2020% ngo-16, kanye nama-2021% amangalisayo ngo-67.
Kufanele kushiwo ukuthi ubhubhane lwe-coronavirus ye-SARS-CoV-2 luphoqe abahlaziyi ukuthi babuyekeze isibikezelo sabo sangaphambili sokutshala imali ezimbonini (isibikezelo esisha sikhonjiswe kulayini obomvu kugrafu engenhla). Ikakhulukazi, izindleko zemishini yokukhiqiza zishintshile zisuka kwikota yokuqala zaya engxenyeni yesibili ka-2020. Ngekota yokuqala, ukutshalwa kwezimali komhlaba wonke ekukhiqizeni ama-semiconductor kwehle ngo-15% ngokulandelana. Ngekota yesibili, umhlaba waqala ukululama ngemuva kokushaqeka kokuqala kwalolu bhubhane nokuhlukaniswa kwabantu. Ukwengeza, isidingo semishini engxenyeni yesibili ingase igqugquzelwe ukukhathazeka mayelana nezijeziso ezibhekiswe ezinkampanini zaseChina.
Sekukonke, izindleko zemishini yonyaka zizokwehla ngo-4% kulo nyaka. Ngo-2019, ukwehliswa kwezindleko ezinkulu zomhlaba bekukukhulu - 8% ngonyaka. Ukwehla kwamandla emali, ngokusho kwabahlaziyi, kuzonqotshwa engxenyeni yesibili yalo nyaka, nakuba ubhubhane kanye nokuntuleka kwemisebenzi okubangele nakanjani kuzozama ukuwisa umnotho. Ngenhlanhla, ukuqiniswa "kokuguqulwa kwedijithali" kuzo zonke izici zokuphila komuntu kanye nomsebenzi kuzophikisana nalo mkhuba omubi.
Source: 3dnews.ru