I-Microsoft, i-Igalia, ne-Bloomberg zithathe isinyathelo sokuhlanganisa i-syntax ekucacisweni kwe-JavaScript ukuze uthole izincazelo ezicacile zohlobo, ezifana ne-syntax esetshenziswa olimini lwe-TypeScript. Okwamanje, izinguquko ze-prototype eziphakanyiselwe ukufakwa ezingeni le-ECMAScript zithunyelwa ukuze kuxoxiswane ngazo okokuqala (Isigaba 0). Emhlanganweni olandelayo wekomidi le-TC39 ngoMashi, kuhlelwe ukuthuthela esigabeni sokuqala sokucutshungulwa kwesiphakamiso ngokubandakanyeka komphakathi ochwepheshe ovela ku-ECMA.
Ukuba nolwazi olucacile lohlobo kuzokuvumela ukuthi ugweme amaphutha amaningi phakathi nenqubo yokuthuthukisa, kukwenze kube lula ukusebenzisa amasu okuthuthukisa engeziwe, ukulungisa iphutha kube lula, futhi wenze ikhodi ifundeke kakhudlwana futhi kube lula ukuyishintsha nokusekelwa onjiniyela bezinkampani zangaphandle. Usekelo lohlobo luhlongozwa ukuthi lusetshenziswe njengesici ozikhethela sona - izinjini ze-JavaScript nezikhathi zokusebenza ezingakusekeli ukuhlola uhlobo zizoziba izichasiselo ngolwazi lohlobo futhi zicubungule ikhodi njengangaphambili, ziphathe idatha yohlobo njengamazwana. Kodwa amathuluzi okuhlola uhlobo azokwazi ukusebenzisa ulwazi olutholakalayo ukuze abone amaphutha ahlobene nokusetshenziswa okungalungile kwezinhlobo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuphambene nohlobo lolwazi olucaciswe kusetshenziswa izichasiselo ze-JSDoc ezicaciswe ngendlela yokuphawula, inkomba eqondile yezinhlobo ngokuqondile ezakhiweni zencazelo eguquguqukayo izokwenza ikhodi ibonakale kakhudlwana, iqondakale futhi kube lula ukuyihlela. Isibonelo, ama-IDE anosekelo lwe-TypeScript azokwazi ukugqamisa ngokushesha amaphutha kukhodi ye-JavaScript ethayiphiwe ngaphandle kokuguqulwa okwengeziwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusekelwa kohlobo olwakhelwe ngaphakathi kuzokwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuqhuba izinhlelo ezibhalwe ngezilimi zesigodi ze-JavaScript ezithayiphiwe, njenge-TypeScript ne-Flow, ngaphandle kokudlulisa usuka kolunye ulimi uye kolunye.
Phakathi kwezinhlobo, kuhlongozwa ukuthi kwengezwe “iyunithi yezinhlamvu”, “inombolo” kanye “ne-boolean”, engasetshenziswa lapho kuchazwa okuguquguqukayo, amapharamitha okusebenza, izakhi zento, izinkambu zekilasi, izinhlu ezithayiphiwe (“inombolo[]”). Kuphinde kuphakanyiswe ukuhlinzeka ngosekelo lwezinhlobo ezihlanganisiwe (“intambo | inombolo”) kanye namajenerikhi. vumela x: intambo; umsebenzi add(a: inombolo, b: inombolo) {buyisela u-+ b; } isixhumi esibonakalayo Umuntu {igama: iyunithi yezinhlamvu; ubudala:inombolo; } umsebenzi foo (x: T) {buyisela x; } umsebenzi foo(x: iyunithi yezinhlamvu | inombolo): iyunithi yezinhlamvu | inombolo { uma (typeof x === inombolo) { buyisela x + 1 } okunye {buyisela x + "!" }}
Source: opennet.ru