Phila futhi ufunde. Ingxenye 1. Isiqondiso sesikole nomsebenzi

Nginomngane ovela eGrenoble, indodana yabafuduki baseRussia - ngemva kokuphuma kwesikole (collège+lycée) wathuthela e-Bordeaux wathola umsebenzi echwebeni, ngemva konyaka wathuthela esitolo sezimbali njengochwepheshe be-SMM, ngemva konyaka waqeda izifundo ezimfushane futhi waba umuntu ofana nomsizi womphathi. Ngemva kweminyaka emibili yomsebenzi, eneminyaka engu-23, waya ehhovisi elimele i-SAP esikhundleni esiphansi, wathola imfundo yasenyuvesi futhi manje usengunjiniyela wezinhlelo zezinkampani. Ebuzwa ukuthi ngabe kuyesabeka yini ukwenza “igebe” elingaka kwezemfundo, uphendule ngokuthi kuyethusa ukushiya enyuvesi usuneminyaka engu-22 ungazazi ukuthi ungubani futhi ufunani. Uzwakala ujwayelekile? Ngokuvamile, uma ungumzali noma isihlobo sengane yesikole noma umfundi ngokwakhe, ikati. Kodwa-ke, kuwo wonke umuntu futhi kuyisizathu esihle se-nostalgia.

Isandulela - sivelaphi lesi sihloko?

Izihloko ezihlakazekile mayelana nemfundo, isidingo sediploma, isikole seziqu kanye nezinye izici zemfundo ziye zavela kaningi kuHabr - akusiyo ize ukuthi kukhona amahabhu mayelana nenqubo yemfundo, umsebenzi, imfundo phesheya, njll. Isihloko sibucayi ngempela, ikakhulukazi esimweni semakethe yezemisebenzi eshintshe kakhulu kanye nezimfuno zochwepheshe. Sinqume ukufingqa okuhlangenwe nakho kwethu, sacela usizo kuchwepheshe ozinikele iminyaka engu-8 emfundweni yabantu, iminyaka engu-25 kuye, kuhlanganise nesikole :) kanye neminyaka engu-10 emkhakheni we-IT. Silungiselele izihloko ezi-5 ezizoshicilelwa kubhulogi yethu.

Umjikelezo othi “Phila futhi Ufunde”

Ingxenye 1. Isiqondiso sesikole nomsebenzi
Ingxenye 2. Inyuvesi
Ingxenye 3. Imfundo eyengeziwe
Ingxenye 4. Imfundo emsebenzini
Ingxenye 5. Ukuzifundisa

Yabelana ngolwazi lwakho kumazwana - mhlawumbe, ngenxa yemizamo yethimba le-RUVDS nabafundi be-Habr, uSepthemba wokuqala womunye umuntu uzoqaphela kancane, afanele futhi athele izithelo. 

Isikole: ingoma endala mayelana nento esemqoka

Amaqembu

Ngokwesilinganiso ezweni lonke, isikole siyingxenye yemfundo ethakazelisa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi manje. Imihlaba ehlukene ngokuphelele yahlangana kuyo: 

1. othisha bokwakheka okudala, sebekhulile kakhulu, ingxenye enkulu bengakakulungeli ukwamukela amaqiniso amasha kanye nezinhlobo zemfundo, abangakulungele ukulalela abafundi; 
2. othisha abasha futhi kunalokho abangenandaba kusukela 90s, lapho, ngaphandle ezingavamile, baya esikoleni pedagogical ngenxa yokuphelelwa ithemba nokungakwazi ukungena kwenye inyuvesi (ngenxa yezinga lokuqeqeshwa noma ukuntuleka kwemali);
3. abazali abaneminyaka yobudala kusukela kuma-70 kuya ku-90, okungukuthi, kusukela kubantu be-USSR indlela yokuphila kuya kubameleli abahlanyayo okuthiwa "isizukulwane esilahlekile";
4. izingane ezineminyaka engu-15-17 ubudala (iningi esizokhuluma ngazo) ziyizingane zeminyaka yedijithali, ezizenzakalelayo kanye nekhompiyutha, ezingenayo kanye ne-virtual, ezinokucabanga kwazo kanye nenhlangano ekhethekile ye-psyche nenkumbulo. 

Wonke amaqembu ama-4 alwa phakathi kwawo namaqembu namanye amaqembu; ngaphakathi komphakathi onjalo kunokungaqondi okuningi kanye nesandla esingabonakali somfundisi oyinhloko nonegunya - i-intanethi. Futhi uyazi ukuthi ngizokutshela ini? Lokhu kuhle kakhulu, kudinga nje indlela ekhethekile. Futhi ngizosho futhi ukuthi ukungqubuzana kwezizukulwane kungunaphakade, njengobuvila bezingane zesikole, kuphela indawo eguqukayo. 

Yiziphi izinkinga izingane zesikole ezibhekana nazo?

• Ulwazi luhlukanisiwe ngokuphelele nokwenza. Ikharikhulamu yesikole ayinikezi ulwazi ngokuhambisana nokusebenza. Kungakho ungahlangana nemibuzo mayelana nokuthi umhleli uyazidinga izibalo noma yiluphi ulimi lokuhlela ongalukhetha ukuze adlule ezindabeni zezibalo. Ngenkathi eku-algebra efanayo umuntu angathinta inkinga yamanethiwekhi emizwa, ukufunda ngomshini, ukuthuthukiswa komdlalo (cabanga ukuthi kumnandi kanjani ukufunda ukuthi amaqhawe akho owathandayo omhlaba wokudlala anyakaza ngokuvumelana nemithetho ye-physics, futhi umzila ngamunye uyachazwa. ngefomula yezibalo). Ukuhlanganisa ithiyori nokwenza esifundweni kungase kwandise isithakazelo somfundi, kunqobe isithukuthezi ekilasini, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kusize ekuqondiseni umsebenzi oyinhloko (okwenzeka kumabanga 6-9). Ngesikhathi esifanayo, akudingekile ukudinga izinto ezibonakalayo ezibizayo; isifiso, ibhodi kanye noshoki/umaka kwanele.
• Izinga langempela lolwazi alihambisani nokuhlolwa kwedayari kanye nezitifiketi. Inkinga yaphakade yokuminyana, ukuklomelisa nokudilizwa kwamabanga, nokuncintisana kuholela ekutheni izingane zesikole zijahe inombolo efiswayo, futhi abazali nothisha bayawukhuthaza lo mjaho. Akumangazi ukuthi ngonyaka wokuqala wenyuvesi, abafundi abahle kakhulu bawela emabangeni C ezibalweni eziphakeme, kuyilapho abafundi be-C begcina u-4 oqinile - banokuqonda isifundo, hhayi ingxenye ebanjwe ngekhanda ephuma ngokushesha ngemva kwe-Unified. Ukuhlolwa Kwesifunda. 
• Ukufinyelela mahhala olwazini, empeleni inkinga enkulu. Asikho isidingo sokukhumbula, ukucinga, ukuhlaziya - vele uvule i-Wikipedia noma i-Google futhi yilokho, ulwazi luphambi kwakho. Lokhu kubi ngoba umsebenzi wenkumbulo uyancipha ngempela futhi isisekelo semfundo esifanele asenziwa. Isisekelo esifanayo esikufundisa ukubamba inkinga, thola iphazili engekho bese usebenzisa incwadi eyireferensi noma i-inthanethi. Kalula nje, ngokuhlala ku-Googling, umfundi akafundi ukuqonda ukuthi yini ngempela edinga ukufakwa ku-Google. Ngaleso sikhathi, kuyisisekelo semfundo esiyisisekelo esakha isisekelo somsebenzi wesikhathi esizayo futhi sisebenza njengenkundla yamakhono okuhlaziya nokuhlanganisa.
• Ulwazi olungadingekile esikoleni Nakhu. Mhlawumbe, uthisha ofunda lokhu okuthunyelwe manje uzofuna ukuthola futhi adabule umbhali abe yizicucu, kodwa lapho isikole sipholile, kulapho, ngiyaxolisa, i-crap eminyene ohlelweni lwezifundo. Kusukela kugeyimu engihlangabezane nayo: iminyaka emi-4 yesiLatini, iminyaka engu-7 yezincwadi zakwamanye amazwe (ngokujulile), iminyaka engu-4 (!) Isayensi Yezokuphila, iminyaka engu-2 yefilosofi, kanye nezincwadi ezihlukahlukene, isiGreki, ithiyori yesiko lomzimba , umlando wezibalo, njll. Kunjalo, erudition jikelele, ubuqhawe esikoleni "Yini? Kuphi? Nini?”, Ikhono lokuqhubeka nengxoxo liyigugu futhi limnandi kakhulu futhi liwusizo, kodwa emiqulwini enjalo, amahora okufunda asusa ingqondo yomfundi ezifundweni ezibalulekile nasengxenyeni ebaluleke kakhulu yemfundo evamile (bheka nje isimanjemanje. isipelingi, ngisho naku-Habré efanayo!) . Kukhona indlela yokuphuma: yenza izifundo ezinjalo zibe ngokuzikhethela futhi ngaphandle kwamamaki.
• Ijubane lemfundo elinzima - umbuzo osuvele ukhona kusukela ekuqaleni kokuba khona kwezikole kanye nesixazululo okunzima kakhulu ukutholakala. Ekilasini elifanayo, ngisho “nokuqina” noma “kubuthakathaka,” abafundi banamazinga ahlukene okwazi indaba, ukuxazulula izinkinga, nesivinini esihlukile “sokwakha.” Futhi ekugcineni, kufanele uye ekulinganisweni futhi ulahlekelwe okungenzeka ukuthi unamandla, noma ungabanaki ababuthakathaka futhi ubenze buthaka nakakhulu. Nganginomfundi owaxazulula izinkinga ngezibalo zezibalo ngokuphelele, kodwa wakwenza kancane kakhulu, ngoba... wabheka ikhambi elingcono kakhulu futhi walungisa ikhambi. Ngenxa yalokho, ngakwazi ukuxazulula izinkinga ezintathu kweziyisihlanu. Uyala ukuthi abeke ini? Into efanayo. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, ungathola umsebenzi omncane ojikelezayo: ukunikeza imisebenzi eqinile eyengeziwe ukuyixazulula ngokuzimela, ubanike ilungelo lokufundisa nokuqeqesha abafunda nabo ekilasini ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukathisha - lokhu kwandisa kakhulu umthwalo wemfanelo, kunciphisa ukwesaba amaphutha futhi kuvumela izingane zesikole ukuba khombisa okuyisisekelo sokusebenzisana. 
• Inkinga yokuhlalisana kwabantu - inkinga ebuhlungu nebucayi edonsa ishumi nambili. Indawo yokuxhumana ebonakalayo, ukusebenzelana kwemidlalo, izinkundla zokuxhumana kanye nezithunywa ezisheshayo zisusa ezinganeni (yebo, ziyizingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-18, izingane, futhi ngemva kwalokho, maye, izingane) ikhono lokuxhumana nokuxhumana nabantu. Awekho amakhono okuxazulula izinkinga, akukho ukusebenzisana, akukho budlelwano phakathi kweqembu labantu, akukho lutho - inethiwekhi yokuxhumana nontanga, izingxoxo ezilula. Futhi lapha umsebenzi wesikole ukukhombisa ukuthi uhlelo "lomuntu nomuntu" lubukeka kanjani: ukuhlela imidlalo yeqembu, ukuhlela ukuxhumana.

Indlela yokukhetha umsebenzi?

Kuze kube manje, ezikoleni eziningi zaseRussia (isimo singcono eMoscow), isiqondiso somsebenzi wezingane zesikole sifika ezindabeni eziphathelene nomsebenzi wazo wesikhathi esizayo hhayi ukuhlolwa okwanele kwesiqondiso somsebenzi, okunye okufinyelela ekunqumeni cishe ikhono lomfundi emkhakheni othile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amakhono afana ne-bioinformatics, i-medical informatics, njll. - okungukuthi, izindawo ezidumile nezithembisayo zabafana abaguquguqukayo nabathuthukile. Izingane zesikole ngokwazo zihlala, okokuqala, izingane, ama-romantics kanye namaphupho. Namuhla bafuna ukuphatha abantu noma ukukhonza eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo, kusasa babe usomabhizinisi, futhi ngesonto - umklami noma unjiniyela owakha izimoto zesikhathi esizayo. Futhi kubalulekile ukulalela, ukucabanga ngezizathu zokuzikhethela - i-charm kaDkt House, i-charisma ka-Elon Musk, noma isidingo sangempela nokubiza kwensizwa. 

Ungawuhlola kanjani umsebenzi?

Amathemba - Lena mhlawumbe imethrikhi enzima kakhulu. Okubonakala kuthembisa njengamanje, ngaphambi kokuphothula esikoleni naseyunivesithi, kungaphenduka insimu eshisa kakhulu (sawubona kubameli kanye nosomnotho abangena ngo-2000-2002!) Noma banyamalale ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukwenza ingane yakho iqonde futhi ibone ukuthi kufanele kube nesisekelo lapho ungashintsha khona ubungcweti bakho ngokuphindaphindiwe. Isibonelo, unjiniyela we-software okhuluma i-C/C++ angangena kalula emhlabeni wokuthuthukiswa kwenethiwekhi ye-neural, ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni, isayensi, njll., kodwa umlobi (isayensi yekhompyutha esetshenziswa) angase azithole eminyakeni emihlanu engaphandle kwesitaki ahlala kuso. wafunda. Futhi, isazi sezomnotho esiqeqeshelwe “Ukuphathwa Kwezimali” sithembisa kakhulu ngokuya ngomnyakazo ovundlile kunokuthi “Banking” noma “Real Estate Valuation”. Ukuhlola amathemba, funda uhlu lobuchwepheshe besikhathi esizayo, bheka izilinganiso zezilimi zokuhlela (uma sikhuluma nge-IT), funda izincwadi ezikhethekile (isibonelo, eminyakeni engu-15-17 edlule emaphephabhukwini wezokwelapha, umphakathi wesayensi. kuxoxwe ngenkuthalo ngokuhlinzwa kwamehlo, amarobhothi kwezokwelapha, ukukhwabanisa kwe-laparoscopic, futhi namuhla lokhu kuyiqiniso lansuku zonke). Enye indlela ukubheka ukuthi yimaphi amakhono avulwe emanyuvesi eminyakeni engu-2-3 edlule; njengomthetho, lokhu kungaphezulu ozokwazi ukungena kukho. 

Isivuno sangempela iyimethrikhi elula. Vula “Umbuthano Wami” noma “I-Headhunter”, linganisela izinga elimaphakathi lemali engenayo ku-specialty yakho (ngezinye izikhathi izibalo ezenziwe ngomumo nazo ziyatholakala). Ukukhonjwa kweholo ebhizinisini kwenzeka kufika ku-10% ngonyaka, emkhakheni kahulumeni kuze kufike cishe ku-5% ngonyaka. Kulula ukubala, kodwa ungakhohlwa ukuthi eminyakeni engu-N kuzoba nokulungiswa kokujula kwesidingo, ukuguqulwa kwendawo ye-sphere, njll. 

Isivinini sokuthuthukiswa komsebenzi kanye nokukhula indawo ngayinye ineyayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ayitholakali yonke indawo futhi akufanele yenziwe ibe yothando: ngezinye izikhathi kungcono ukuhamba ngokuvundlile, ufunde okukhethekile okusha futhi ungasebenzi ngokungena encwadini yomsebenzi, kodwa izinga langempela lomholo (eligcwele, kodwa ngaphezulu. kulokho ochungechungeni olulandelayo). Into eyinhloko ukudlulisela kumfundi ukuthi ngeke abe umphathi ngokushesha, uzodinga ukusebenza, futhi i-pro yangempela ngezinye izikhathi ibaluleke kakhulu kunomphathi wakhe. 

Ukukhula okuqhubekayo nokuziphendukela kwezobuchwepheshe - ukuqhubeka okubalulekile kwemethrikhi yangaphambilini. Uchwepheshe ufunda ngokuqhubekayo, kuze kube usuku lokugcina emsebenzini (futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nangemva kwalokho). Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuhlobanisa ukuthambekela komfundi ekufundeni kanye nezidingo zomsebenzi awufunayo (isibonelo, umfana uphupha ngokuba udokotela, une-A ku-chemistry kanye ne-biology, kodwa uyavilapha ngokufunda - lokhu kuyisignali yokuthi angase abe nezinkinga ngentuthuko yobuchwepheshe esikhathini esizayo.), kodwa ungagxili kukho: ngokuvamile ngemva kwekolishi umuntu omdala ufunda ngenjabulo futhi aqhubeke nemfundo yakhe, kodwa esikoleni kwakungebona ubuvila, kodwa inzondo yomlando osindayo kanye nezwe eliyisicefe.

Yini okufanele uyicabangele?

Lapho ukhetha umsebenzi, kufanele usize ingane yakho, kodwa ungayinqumeli (ngiyaqinisekisa ukuthi ngeke uthole "ngiyabonga"). Ngasikhathi sinye, kubalulekile ukuthi ungaphuthelwa imininingwane eyodwa futhi, mhlawumbe, ngisho nokubheka othandekayo wakho kancane ngaphandle, ngokuqinile nangokuqondile (uma sikhuluma nje, ikhono lokuphequlula i-butt yakho ku-Lambada alikabi yisigaba B. kumdanso we-ballroom, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungakufuna kangakanani ). 

• Ukuthambekela kwengane okuvamile - Lesi yisisekelo sesiqondiso somsebenzi esikhulume ngaso ngenhla: "umuntu", "imvelo", "umshini", "izinhlelo zolwazi". Abekho abantu abangenakho ukuthambekela kanye ne-vector ethile yezifiso ngekusasa labo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi iyiphi indlela ephumelelayo. Ngisho nama-generalists anezinguquko ezithile ohlangothini olulodwa noma kwenye. Naka lokho umfundi akushoyo, yiziphi izifundo ezilula kuye nokuthi kungani, lokho agxile kukho engxoxweni, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unokucabanga kwe-algorithmic, indlela athuthuke ngayo ingqondo yakhe noma umcabango wakhe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqaphela okunjalo kokusabela okungenangqondo kunembile kakhulu kunokuhlolwa, ngoba umfundi oneminyaka engu-13-17 angakwazi ukuqagela kalula ukuthi angaphendula kanjani ukuze athole umphumela ayewufuna ngaleso sikhathi futhi akhohlise uhlelo kanye nabantu abadala :)
• Izifiso zomfundi udinga ukucatshangelwa futhi akhuthazwe, mhlawumbe aze avunyelwe "ukudlula" iphupho lakhe lomsebenzi - ngale ndlela uzonquma ngokushesha. Ungamxoshi ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo, ungabonisi umsebenzi wakhe ngendlela engalungile ("Bonke abahleli bazinhlelo bangongqondongqondo", "intombazane ayinandawo emnyangweni wezimoto", "ha ha, Psychology, uyahlanya wena, uzophatha abadivosi noma okuthile", "umshayeli wetekisi? Yebo, bazokubulala" - ngokusekelwe ezenzakalweni zangempela). Uma kungenzeka, vumela ingane yakho izame okukhethekile, noma okungenani ingxenye yayo: hlela itoho ehlobo, cela usizo oluhlobene nomsebenzi, cela abangani bakho ukuthi bakuqashe izinsuku ezimbalwa. Uma likhona ithuba elinjalo, lisebenza ngokungenasici: kungaba ukupholisa nokudumala, noma ukujabulisa nokuqinisekiswa kwezinhlelo zesikhathi esizayo.
• Izici zomndeni Asikwazi ukushiya izingxenye zethu eziyinkimbinkimbi: uma wonke umndeni ungunjiniyela womphakathi futhi indodakazi ikwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwamamaki okukhonkolo kusukela ebuntwaneni, iyazi ubukhulu bokuqinisa, ihlukanisa phakathi kwezinhlobo zamatshe, futhi eminyakeni engu-7 ingakwazi. chaza ukuthi ukushisa kusebenza kanjani ... lokhu akusho ukuthi isisebenzi sokwakha simlindile, cha, kodwa akufanele ulindele ukuthandana no-Akhmatova kanye nemisebenzi yokuqala yePetrarch, lokhu akuyona nje indawo yakhe. Nakuba kukhona okuhlukile. Kodwa-ke ukucwasana akufanele kufake ingcindezi kumfundi, kumphoqe ukuthi abe ngumuntu, ngoba abazali bakhe banjalo. Yebo, inzuzo yakho isobala: kulula ukuqeqesha, ukusiza, ukuthola umsebenzi, njll. Kodwa inzuzo ingeyakho, futhi ukuphila kungokwengane yakho, futhi mhlawumbe ukukhethwa kobukhosi akumfanele ngenxa yesizathu esithile.

Kwenzeka ukuthi abazali baqiniseke ukuthi ingane yabo ayifuni lutho, ayinakho izifiso nokuthambekela, ayizami ukukhetha inyuvesi, ayicabangi ngekusasa. Eqinisweni, akwenzeki kanjalo, kuhlale kukhona okuthandayo - futhi yilokho okudingeka wakhele kukho. Uma ucabanga ukuthi kunobunzima bangempela, khuluma nothisha, ulalele iseluleko sabo, thintana nesazi sokusebenza kwengqondo senhlalakahle esinikeza intsha isiqondiso somsebenzi (kunosomabhizinisi abazimele abapholile kakhulu - okwengeziwe ngabo ngezansi). Indodakazi engifunda nayo ineminyaka engu-15 ubudala, ingane encane kakhulu, unina ungumama wekhaya okhuthele ongafundile futhi ubheka indodakazi yakhe njengokungathi “ayifuni lutho.” Intombazane yanikeza ikhofi elimnandi eliphekwe ekhaya, yasonga kahle amanabukeni, yase inika ikhekhe le-Anthill, eyayizenzele lona. - Katya, awucabangi ukuthi kufanele azizame njengompheki wamakhekhe noma asebenze esitolo? "Hhayi, akayena umuntu othanda ukusebenzela wonke umuntu, ngizomphoqa ukuthi abe yi-accountant." Ikhethini.

Yini umfundi okufanele azi ngalo msebenzi?

Uma ungumfundi, uhlale uzama ukufihla izisusa zangempela zokuziphatha noma ukukhetha kwakho, ukuze ungabonakali ungavuthiwe noma uqhutshwa umoya. Ngakho-ke, kunzima kakhulu kubazali ukuthola ukuthi ukulangazelela umsebenzi othile kwavelaphi, ikakhulukazi uma kwenzeka kungazelelwe. Futhi akufanele ukwenze lokhu, kungcono ukudlulisa imithetho ethile yomdlalo.

• Noma yimuphi umsebenzi uhlanganisa ingxenye yesimiso (kuze kufike ku-100% wawo wonke umsebenzi) - umfundi kufanele aqonde ukuthi, kanye nezinye izici ezifiselekayo noma ezibonakalayo, uzothola imisebenzi eminingi evamile, ukuqaliswa kwayo okungakha ingxenye enkulu yomsebenzi. : umklami akazibhali zonke izinhlelo (uma engeyena umnikazi webhizinisi noma isisebenzi esizimele), kodwa usebenza engxenyeni yakhe yekhodi; udokotela uyadingeka ukuthi agcwalise intaba yamaphepha, ngisho noma eyisikhulu se-ambulensi noma udokotela ohlinzayo; Usomkhathi uqeqesha isikhathi eside, ufunda kakhulu, futhi emkhathini kudingeka ukuqedela inani elikhulu lemisebenzi, njll. Udinga ukuqonda ukuthi akukho mkhakha ngaphandle kokucaciswa okunjalo; akufanele wenze umsebenzi ube nothando.
• Umsebenzi uwumsebenzi wansuku zonke wochwepheshe. Uma uxhuma impilo yakho nomsebenzi othile, khona-ke ngezinga eliphezulu lamathuba, kuyoba phakade: nsuku zonke, ngeholide elifushane, abaphathi, uMsombuluko, abangaphansi okunzima, njll. 
• Imfashini nodumo lomsebenzi kungase kushintshe - ngisho nangaphambi kokuba athole iziqu enyuvesi. Futhi-ke kuzoba nezindlela ezimbili: shintsha iziqu zakho noma ube ngohamba phambili emsebenzini wakho ukuze uqinisekise isidingo emakethe yezabasebenzi.
• Awukwazi ukudlulisa isimo sakho sengqondo ngomuntu esimweni sakho sengqondo ngawo wonke umkhakha womsebenzi - uma uthanda umsebenzi ngenxa yokuthi ubaba/umalume/umfowenu/umlingisi wefilimu ungumnikazi wawo, lokhu akusho ukuthi uzozizwa ukhululekile kuwo. Umuntu ngamunye kufanele akhethe lokho akuthandayo nalokho akulungele ukukwenza. Kungaba khona izibonelo, kodwa akufanele kube nezithixo. 
• Kufanele uwuthande umsebenzi, kufanele uthanda izingxenye zawo. Umsebenzi ngamunye uhlukaniswe izingxenye eziningana: umsebenzi oyinhloko kanye nezinhloso zawo, ozakwabo, indawo yokusebenza, ingqalasizinda, "amakhasimende" omsebenzi, imvelo yangaphandle kanye nobuhlobo bayo nomsebenzi. Awukwazi ukwamukela into eyodwa futhi wenqabe konke okunye, noma uphike ubukhona bezinto zangaphandle. Ukuze usebenze kahle futhi uthole ukwaneliseka, kubalulekile ukuthola izinto ezinhle kuzo zonke izingxenye ezisohlwini futhi, lapho ucisha iwashi le-alamu, wazi ukuthi kungani uyicishile manje (yini, ngaphandle kwemali). 
• Uhambo olude luqala ngochungechunge lwezinyathelo ezincane - awukwazi ukuvele ube mkhulu futhi udume, unolwazi futhi uhole. Kuzoba namaphutha, ukuhlanjalazwa, abeluleki kanye nezimbangi, izinyathelo zokuqala zizobonakala zingabonakali, zincane. Kodwa empeleni, ngemuva kwesinyathelo ngasinye kuzoba khona impumelelo - isisekelo sokuhlangenwe nakho. Asikho isidingo sokwesaba ukuhamba noma ukugijima ukusuka emsebenzini ukuya emsebenzini ngenxa yezizathu ezingasho lutho: itshe likhula khona lapho, futhi ohambayo uyoba yingcweti yomgwaqo.

• Ukuqala komsebenzi cishe kuhlale kuyisicefe - akekho ozophathisa umuntu oqalayo imisebenzi ethokozisayo eyinkimbinkimbi, kuzofanela usondele kuyo yonke into kusuka kumapheripheri, kusukela kokuyisisekelo, ufunde, uchwepheshe, uphinda izinto eziyisicefe kakhulu usuku nosuku. Kodwa kungenxa yokwazi kahle lezi zinto lapho uchwepheshe osemusha ekwazi ukungena ezisekelweni ezijulile zomsebenzi. Lesi sithukuthezi asinakugwemeka, ngakho-ke uzodinga ukufunda ukuthola ubumnandi kuso.
• Ukuphatha imali nakho kuwumsebenzi. Abazali bethu abazange basidlulisele le thesis, futhi ngandlela thize siqhelelene nayo. Kubalulekile hhayi nje ukuzuza noma ukonga, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuphatha imali futhi ukwazi ukuphila ngale mali onayo kulesi sikhathi. Leli ikhono elibalulekile, elikufundisa futhi ukuhlonipha i-ego yakho nekhono, hhayi ukusebenzela amasenti, kodwa futhi ukusho ngokwanele inani lakho. 

Lokhu kwaphenduka ingxenye yefilosofi kancane, kodwa yilokhu kanye abazali abasekela isiqondiso somfundi ngomsebenzi, isiqalo sokuqala sokuzihlonipha kwakhe njengochwepheshe wesikhathi esizayo.

Yini futhi obani abazosiza?

Ukuqondiswa kwemisebenzi kuyinqubo enquma impilo yakho yonke, ngakho udinga ukuthembela, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ezindleleni zezinkampani zangaphandle kanye nosizo lochwepheshe.

• Uchwepheshe ozimele wokuqondisa - umuntu ongathola ngempela izifiso namakhono ajulile enganeni. Imvamisa laba akuzona nje ongoti bezokuhlalisana kwabantu, kodwa ongoti be-HR, okudlula kubo amakhulu abafake izicelo futhi bangahlola ngokucophelela ukuthi ingane yakho isilungele ini nokuthi yiziphi izinto ongazilindela.

Ngemva kokusebenza nochwepheshe wokuqondisa umsebenzi, umphumela ofanayo!

• Ukuzihlola: udinga ukunquma ukuthi yini oyithandayo ngempela, yini oyilungele (leyo nqubo efanayo), ukuthi yini ongayithandi, yini ongayilungele noma yimuphi umvuzo. Kungcono ukulibhala phansi ephepheni bese uligcina ukuze ubuyele kulo ukuze uzoliphinda futhi kamuva. Ithebula elinjalo lizokusiza ukuthi uqonde lapho kuhlangana khona ukuthi yimaphi amakhono umsebenzi okufanele ube khona. 
• Imephu yobungcweti efanelekile - bhala phansi zonke izingcweti, ngokusekelwe kwezinye izici, ezifanele umfundi, xoxani ngamunye, qokomisani izinzuzo nezingozi, futhi niqhathanise namathuba okungena enyuvesi ehambisanayo. Ngakho-ke, ungazikhawulela ezindaweni ezimbalwa futhi ucabange ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kochwepheshe (ngokwesibonelo, ubungcweti obusele bungumdwebi wevidiyo, umdwebi wezinhlelo, unjiniyela wezimoto kanye nokaputeni wasolwandle, phakathi kwabo kukhona i-vector eyodwa - amakhono ezobuchwepheshe, ukuxhumana nohlobo oluthile lwemishini; kungenzeka kakade ukutadisha amathemba omsebenzi ngamunye, ukuhlola ukuthi yini kuzoba njengalapho uphuma enyuvesi njll. Nakuba ukusabalala kusekukhulu kakhulu). 
• Othisha besikole - izibukeli ezibalulekile kanye nofakazi bokukhula kwengane yakho, ngezinye izikhathi bangabona lokho abazali abangakuqapheli. Eqinisweni, babona umfundi ngokuyinhloko ngokombono wobuhlakani, babona amandla akhe njengochwepheshe besikhathi esizayo. Khuluma nabo, xoxani ngodaba lokuthuthukiswa kochwepheshe, ukuphawula kwabo kungaba yisici esibalulekile ngempela. 

Lapho uqoqa futhi uqhathanisa le datha, kuzoba lula kakhulu kuwe ukunquma ukuthi ungayisiza kanjani ingane yakho ukuba ikhethe ngokuqondile isiqondiso sayo.

Lona umdwebo wakudala wesiqondiso somsebenzi, okuvela kuwo osobala ukuthi umsebenzi ophumelelayo uzokhula lapho kuhlangana khona izifiso, amakhono (okuhlanganisa nangokwenyama) kanye nezidingo zemakethe yezabasebenzi.

Kodwa sithande okunye ukuhluka kwakhe - ngokungangabazeki ngakho!

Ungamkhulisa kanjani uchwepheshe we-IT?

Uma osemusha (noma okungcono nakakhulu, ingane engaphansi kweminyaka engu-12 ubudala) inamakhono athile okucabanga okunengqondo, ama-algorithms, nombono wobunjiniyela wezinto, ungachithi isikhathi futhi unake ngokukhethekile ezinye izinto:

1. izincwadi, ikakhulukazi izincwadi, kwisayensi yekhompiyutha nezibalo - okokuqala, lezi yizifundo ezidingekayo, futhi okwesibili, umfundi wakho uzojwayela ukusebenza nezincwadi ezichwepheshile; empilweni yobungcweti, umhleli omuhle akavamile ukwenza ngaphandle kwezincwadi;
2. amakilabhu kumarobhothi nezinhlelo - abeluleki ngendlela yokudlala bazofundisa ingane ama-algorithms ayisisekelo, imisebenzi, imiqondo evela emkhakheni we-IT (isitaki, inkumbulo, ulimi lohlelo, umhumushi, ukuhlolwa, njll.);
3. IsiNgisi - udinga ukufunda ulimi ngokungathi sína, unakekele ukuhlukahluka nokujula kwesilulumagama, ingxenye yezingxoxo (kusuka ekuxhumaneni nontanga ngezicelo naku-Skype kuya ekufundeni ngesikhathi samaholide ezikoleni noma emakamu olimi lwangaphandle);
4. mayelana namarobhothi kanye nemishini yokwakha ekhaya - manje kukhona amarobhothi ahlelekayo kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yamanani, kubalulekile ukubukeza izabelo zomsebenzi wesikole kanye nomfundi futhi ujulise ulwazi;
5. uma usukulungele ukudlala nge-Arduino futhi wenze osemusha ajabule ngakho, yilokho-ke, umsebenzi usuzoqedwa.

Kodwa ngemuva kwe-gamification kanye nentshiseko, akufanele sikhohlwe ngezimiso eziyisisekelo ze-physics, mathematics kanye nesayensi yekhompiyutha; kufanele kube khona empilweni yengane yesikole enothando lokuthuthuka (futhi ngempela noma yimuphi umuntu ofundile).

Ukufunda - akufanele sikhohlwe ngakho: umbuzo nempendulo

Yiqiniso, ngisho noma uye waqondisa indlela yomsebenzi wengane yakho kusukela ebangeni lokuqala futhi uqiniseka ngekusasa layo, lokhu akusho ukuthi kufanele uyeke ukufunda esikoleni futhi ugxile entweni eyodwa. 

Ungazifunda kanjani izifundo "eziyinhloko"?

Ngokujulile, kusetshenziswa izincwadi ezengeziwe, izincwadi zezinkinga kanye nezincwadi zokubhekisela. Umgomo wokufunda awukona nje ukuphasa kahle i-Unified State Exam, kodwa futhi nokuza enyuvesi uzilungiselele, ngokusiqonda isifundo kanye nendawo yaso emsebenzini wesikhathi esizayo.

Indlela yokuphatha izifundo ezingezona eziyinhloko?

Ngaphakathi kohlaka lokucabanga kanye nezifiso zomuntu siqu - ukutadisha, ukudlula, ukubhala izivivinyo, ungachithi isikhathi esiningi kakhulu kuzo. Okuhlukile: Izilimi zesiRashiya nezangaphandle, zifanelekile kunoma yikuphi okukhethekile, ngakho-ke zinaka ngokukhethekile. 

Ungasebenza kanjani ngomthwalo owengeziwe?

Izinkinga zokwanda kobunzima kanye nama-Olympiads ziyisiqalo somsebenzi, ngaphandle kwehaba. Zithuthukisa ukucabanga kwakho, zikufundisa ukugxila emabangeni amafushane futhi uxazulule izinkinga kakhulu, zikunikeza ikhono lokuzethula kanye nekhono lokuwina/ukushaya. Ngakho-ke, uma ufuna ukuya enyuvesi ethile futhi ingane yakho esezikhulile ithuthuke ngempela okulindele emsebenzini, kufanelekile ukubamba iqhaza kuma-olympiads, izingqungquthela, kanye nemiqhudelwano yomsebenzi wesayensi yabafundi.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, impilo kufanele ibe ngaphezu kwakho konke okunye; leli iphuzu elibalulekile abazali abalikhohlwayo futhi izingane azikaqapheli.

Ingabe kufanele ngiye esikoleni sobuchwepheshe ngemva kwebanga lesi-8/9?

Kuyisinqumo sabazali kanye nomfundi ngokwakhe. Akukho lutho olubi emfundweni ngokohlelo lwesikole sobuchwepheshe + senyuvesi, kunezinzuzo ezengeziwe. Kodwa ukufunda kunzima kakhulu.

Ingabe kufanele ngishintshe isikole ngisenze esikhethekile?

Kutuswa ukuyishintsha - ngale ndlela umfundi uzoba nethuba elingcono lokuphasa i-Unified State Exam ngamaphuzu aphezulu (kahle, indaba efanayo nezivivinyo zokungena, uma ebuya yonke indawo esikhathini esizayo - ithuba lisesekhona. phezulu). Akufanele wesabe ukuhlukumezeka kwengqondo; ukushintsha iqembu kunenzuzo enkulu: umfundi wesikhathi esizayo uzokwazi ukubona abanye afunda nabo kanye nafunda nabo ekilasini ngaphambili kakhulu, futhi lokhu kunomthelela omkhulu ekuzivumelaniseni nezimo eyunivesithi. Kodwa uma osemusha engakwazi ukuhlukaniswa ngokuqondile futhi izwe lesikole libaluleke kakhulu, yebo, akufanelekile ukumkhipha, kungcono ukuchitha isikhathi emakilasini engeziwe.

Izici zokukhetha inyuvesi?

Kunezici eziningi: ukusuka kokuthuthela kwamanye amadolobha kuya ezicini zangaphakathi zenyuvesi, konke kungumuntu ngamunye. Kodwa kufanelekile ukunaka izisekelo zokusebenza (uma ungenayo eyakho engqondweni), ngezinga lokufunda ulimi enyuvesi, kuphrofayili eyinhloko yesayensi (ama-laboratories esayensi), ukuba khona komnyango wezempi. (kubani lokhu okubalulekile).

Uzoqala nini ukusebenza?

Lona umbuzo omkhulu - kufanelekile ukuqala ukusebenza esikoleni, futhi impendulo yawo ingumuntu ngamunye. Kodwa, ngokubona kwami, kufanelekile ukuzama ukusebenza ehlobo phakathi kwebanga lesi-9 nele-10, le-10 nele-11 - ukuze nje uqonde ukuthi ukusebenzisana kusebenza kanjani eqenjini labasebenzi, ukuthi izibopho zabiwa kanjani, yiziphi iziqu zenkululeko/okungeyona inkululeko. zikhona. Kodwa ehlobo lokungena enyuvesi, kuba nokucindezeleka okukhulu nomsebenzi omningi - ngakho ngabhalisa futhi ngaphumula, nakakhulu, kungcono.

Eqinisweni, singakhuluma ngalesi sihloko kuze kube phakade, futhi sidinga indlela ejulile yomuntu ngamunye. Kodwa kubonakala sengathi uma wonke umzali elalela okungenani amaphuzu athile alesi sihloko, kuyoba lula ngezingane zesikole ukukhetha umsebenzi wesikhathi esizayo, futhi umama nobaba bayokwazi ukukugwema ukusolwa “Ngangingafuni ukuya kulokhu. enyuvesi, unginqumele.” Umsebenzi wabantu abadala awukona nje ukuphakela izingane zabo izinhlanzi, kodwa ukuzinika induku yokudoba nokuzifundisa ukuyisebenzisa. Isikhathi sesikole siyisisekelo esikhulu sempilo yakho yonke yesikhathi esizayo, ngakho-ke kufanele usiphathe ngokuzibophezela futhi ulandele imithetho emithathu eyinhloko: inhlonipho, isiqondiso nothando. Ngikholwe, izobuyela kuwe ngokuphindwe kayikhulu. 

Esiqeshini esilandelayo, sizodlula emaphaseji amahlanu/ayisithupha ezifundo zasenyuvesi futhi ekugcineni sinqume ukuthi ziyadingeka noma “mhlawumbe, siye esihogweni ngediploma?” Ungaphuthelwa!

I-postscript ehahayo

Ngendlela, sikhohlwe ngephuzu elibalulekile - uma ufuna ukukhula njengochwepheshe be-IT, kufanele ujwayelane namaphrojekthi omthombo ovulekile esikoleni. Lokhu akusho ukuthi udinga ukufaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni okukhulu kakhulu, kodwa sekuyisikhathi sokuqala ukusika nokunakekela iphrojekthi yakho yesilwane esifuywayo, uhlaziye ithiyori ngokusebenza. Futhi uma usukhulile kakade futhi untula okuthile kokuthuthukiswa, isibonelo, onamandla amahle VPS, Iya ku Iwebhusayithi ye-RUVDS - Sinezinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo.

Source: www.habr.com