Uma ubheka ukwehlukahlukana kwamanje kwamarobhothi ezemfundo, uyajabula ukuthi izingane zikwazi ukufinyelela inani elikhulu lezinto zokwakha, imikhiqizo esenziwe ngomumo, nokuthi ibha "yokungena" ezisekelweni zezinhlelo zehle kakhulu (kwehlela enkulisa. ). Kunomkhuba osabalele wokwethula kuqala kuhlelo lwe-modular-block bese udlulela ezilimini ezithuthuke kakhulu. Kodwa lesi simo sasingenjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi.
2009-2010. I-Russia isiqalile ukujwayelana ne-Arduino ne-Scratch en masse. Ama-elekthronikhi athengekayo nohlelo seluqala ukunqoba izingqondo zabo bobabili abathanda nothisha, futhi umqondo wokuxhuma konke lokhu usuvele ushubile (futhi ususetshenziswe ngokwengxenye) endaweni yolwazi yomhlaba wonke.
Eqinisweni, iScratch, enguqulweni engu-1.4 eyakhishwa ngaleso sikhathi, yayivele inokusekelwa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompyutha zangaphandle. Yayihlanganisa ukusekelwa kwe-Lego WeDo (amabhulokhi e-Motor) kanye .
Kodwa bengifuna i-Arduino namarobhothi asekelwe kuyo, okungcono ngisebenze enguqulweni eyisisekelo. Ngasikhathi sinye, omunye wonjiniyela baseJapan be-Arduino wathola ukuthi angahlanganisa kanjani amapulatifomu futhi wathumela ama-schematics (nakuba kungebona bonke okufanele "bacatshangelwe") kanye ne-firmware yokufinyelela komphakathi (kodwa maye, hhayi ngisho nangesiNgisi. ). Ngokuthatha le phrojekthi njengesisekelo, iScratchDuino yazalwa ngo-2010 (ngaleso sikhathi, mina nomkami sasisebenza enkampanini ye-Linux Center).
Umqondo "oshintshwayo we-cartridge" (okukhumbuza i-Micro:bit?), izigaxa kazibuthe zezingxenye zamarobhothi, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamakhono okucubungula inzwa eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ye-Scratch kanye nokulawula imoto.
Irobhothi ekuqaleni lalihloselwe ukuthi lihambisane ne-Lego:
Ngo-2011, isiteji sakhululwa futhi (ngemuva kokuba mina nomkami sishiye iphrojekthi ngo-2013) okwamanje ihlala futhi ithuthukiswa ngaphansi kwegama elithi ROBBO.
Omunye angase aphikise ngokuthi kwakukhona amaphrojekthi afanayo. Yebo, iphrojekthi ye-S4A yaqala ukukhula ngesikhathi esifanayo, kodwa yayihloselwe ukuhlela ngendlela efanayo nesitayela se-Arduino (nemiphumela yayo yedijithali neye-analog) kusukela ku-Scratch eguquliwe, kuyilapho ukuthuthukiswa kwami ββββkungasebenza nenguqulo ye- "vanilla" (yize. siphinde salungisa ukuze sibonise amabhlogo ezinzwa 1 kuya ku-4).
Khona-ke iScratch 2.0 yavela futhi nayo ama-plugin womabili ama-Arduino namarobhothi adumile aqala ukuvela, futhi iScratch 3.0 ngaphandle kwebhokisi isekela inombolo enkulu yamapulatifomu e-robotic.
Ngokuvimbile. Uma ubheka amarobhothi adumile afana ne-MBot (okuyinto, ngendlela, ekuqaleni asebenzisa i-Scratch eguquliwe), ahlelwe ngolimi lokuvimba, kodwa lokhu akuyona i-Scratch, kodwa i-Blockly eguquliwe evela ku-Google. Angazi ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwayo kwakuthonywe yimi, kodwa ngingasho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi lapho sibonisa isiteji seScratchduino kubathuthukisi beBlockly eLondon ngo-2013, kwakungekho iphunga lamarobhothi lapho okwamanje.
Manje ukuguqulwa kwe-Blockly kwenza isisekelo sabakhi abaningi be-robotic namarobhothi ezemfundo, futhi lena enye indaba, njengoba muva nje kuvele inani elikhulu lamaphrojekthi (futhi ashabalala ekukhohlweni) kokubili eRussia nasemhlabeni. Kodwa eRussian Federation saba ngabokuqala ekusetshenzisweni kweScratch kanye "nokubhekana" ne-Lego :)
Kwenzekani ngemva kuka-2013? Ngo-2014, mina nomkami sasungula iphrojekthi yethu i-PROSTOROBOT (aka SIMPLEROBOT) futhi sangena ekuthuthukisweni kwemidlalo yebhodi. Kodwa iScratch ayivumi ukuthi sihambe.
Sinentuthuko ethokozisayo yokumodela amarobhothi kuScratch kanye nenzalo yayo ye-Snap!
Ifayela le-PDF elinencazelo lingadawunilodeka futhi lisetshenziswe ngokukhululekile , namaphrojekthi aqediwe . Konke kusebenza kunguqulo 3 ye-Scratch.
Siphinde sabuyela kumarobhothi ahlelayo eScratch kumdlalo wethu omusha webhodi wezemfundo othi βBattle of the Golems. I-Card League of Parobots" futhi sizojabula uma .
Uma umi emsuka wento ethize futhi βuzizwaβ amathrendi ngaphambi kokuthi avele ngobuningi futhi uyajabula ukuthi ubungowokuqala futhi ngokuyisisekelo udale imakethe futhi udabukile ukuthi awuwinanga. Kodwa ngingasho ngokuziqhenya ukuthi ukuhlanganiswa kweScratch ne-Arduino kumarobhothi aseRussia kuvele ngenxa yemizamo yami.
Source: www.habr.com