Ukukhishwa kwekhithi yokusabalalisa ye-Elementary OS 5.1 “Hera”

Kuthunyelwe ngu- ukukhishwa kokusabalalisa I-Elementary OS 5.1 "Hera", ibekwe njengenye indlela esheshayo, evulekile, nehlonipha ubumfihlo ku-Windows ne-macOS. Le phrojekthi igxile ekwakhiweni kwekhwalithi, okuhloswe ngayo ukudala uhlelo olusebenziseka kalula olusebenzisa izinsiza ezincane futhi lunikeze isivinini esikhulu sokuqalisa. Abasebenzisi banikezwa imvelo yabo yedeskithophu ye-Pantheon. Okokulayisha ilungisiwe izithombe ze-iso ezibhuthayo (1.47 GB) ezitholakalayo ngezakhiwo ze-amd64 (uma ziqalwa kusuka isiza, ukuze ulande mahhala, kufanele ufake u-0 endaweni yenani lomnikelo).

Izingxenye zoqobo ze-Elementary OS zakhiwa kusetshenziswa i-GTK3, ulimi lwe-Vala, kanye nohlaka lwayo lweGranite. Ukusabalalisa kusekelwe ekuthuthukisweni okuvela kuphrojekthi ye-Ubuntu. I-Elementary OS 5.1 iyahambisana no-Ubuntu 18.04 ngokuya ngephakheji nokusekelwa kwendawo yokugcina. Indawo yesithombe isuselwe kugobolondo le-Pantheon lobunikazi, elihlanganisa izingxenye ezifana nomphathi wewindi le-Gala (okusekelwe ku-LibMutter), iphaneli ephezulu ye-WingPanel, isiqalisi se-Slingshot, iphaneli yokulawula ye-Switchboard, kanye nebha yomsebenzi engezansi. Iplanki (i-analogue yephaneli ye-Docky ebhalwe kabusha e-Vala) kanye nomphathi weseshini ye-Pantheon Greeter (okusekelwe ku-LightDM).

Imvelo ihlanganisa isethi yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlanganiswe ngokuqinile endaweni eyodwa ezidingekayo ukuze kuxazululwe izinkinga zabasebenzisi. Phakathi kwezinhlelo zokusebenza, eziningi yintuthuko yephrojekthi uqobo, njenge-Pantheon Terminal emulator, umphathi wefayela lePantheon Files, kanye nomhleli wombhalo. Scratch kanye nesidlali somculo Umculo (Umsindo). Iphrojekthi iphinde ithuthukise umphathi wesithombe i-Pantheon Photos (imfoloko evela ku-Shotwell) kanye neklayenti le-imeyili i-Pantheon Mail (imfoloko evela ku-Geary).

Okuqanjwe kabusha okubalulekile:

• Kuphakanyisiwe Idizayini entsha yesikrini sokungena ngemvume nesikrini sokukhiya isikrini, esisingatha izinkinga ngezibonisi ze-high-pixel-density (HiDPI) futhi sithuthukise ukwenziwa kwasendaweni.
  Isikrini sokungena manje sibonisa ngokusobala amakhadi omsebenzisi akhona, anegama labo, isithombe, nesithombe sangemuva esikhethiwe sedeskithophu esiboniswa ukuze kukhethwe kalula. Ukuze uvimbele amaphutha okufaka iphasiwedi, izinkomba ze-Caps Lock ezisebenzayo nezikhiye ze-Num Lock ziyaboniswa. Uma ukungena kwesivakashi kunikwe amandla kuzilungiselelo, ikhadi elihambisanayo liyaboniswa ukuze ungene ngemvume okungagunyaziwe.
  
• Kwengezwe Isixhumi esibonakalayo esisha esisebenza kuqala sikuvumela ukuthi uguqule izilungiselelo ezizenzakalelayo, uchaze imithetho yobumfihlo, futhi ufake izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidumile zezinkampani zangaphandle ngesikhathi sokungena kwakho kokuqala. Isibonelo, ungakhetha ukuthi uyawavumela yini amasevisi endawo, ukukhanya kwasebusuku, nokususwa ngokuzenzakalelayo kwamafayela esikhashana kanye nokuqukethwe komgqomo kabusha.
  
• Kumphathi wohlelo lokusebenza lwe-AppCenter eyakhelwe ngaphakathi Ukusekelwa kwamaphakheji wendawo yonke ngefomethi ye-Flatpak. Isixhumi esibonakalayo seSideload sengeziwe, esinikeza amandla okufaka izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingekho endaweni yokugcina evamile noma ezitholakala ku-AppCenter. I-Sideload ikuvumela ukuthi ulande i-Flatpak kunoma iyiphi iwebhusayithi futhi uyifake ngaphandle kokuzulazula kukhonsoli.
  
• I-AppCenter ithuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle okukhulu futhi ibuyekeziwe ukuze iqhube imisebenzi ngokufana, isheshisa eminye imisebenzi izikhathi ezingafika kweziyi-10. Ukwenziwa kohlu lohlelo lokusebenza olunconyiwe kanye nokulayishwa kwesikrini esikhulu kusheshiswe kakhulu. Uhlu lwezinhlelo zokusebenza zezinkampani zangaphandle eziphakanyiselwe ukufakwa lubuyekeziwe. Ikhono lokuxhuma kumaphakeji amaqoqo ngefomethi ye-.xml lengeziwe.
  I-Flatpak. Isistimu yokuzulazula yesithombe-skrini ekhasini lolwazi lwephakheji isiklanywe kabusha (ngaphezu kwamachashazi, izinkinobho eziya phambili nangemuva manje seziyatholakala) nosekelo lokulayishwa kwesithombe-skrini sengeziwe.
  

  Lapho ubuka ulwazi lohlelo lokusebenza, manje ungakhetha imithombo yokufaka ehlukene, njengokufaka usuka endaweni yokugcina ezenzakalelayo noma ukufaka inguqulo entsha evela ku-Flatpak. Uma ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi, ukubuka ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezifakiwe manje sekwenziwa kusebenze ngokuzenzakalela, okukuvumela ukuthi ukhiphe izinhlelo zokusebenza.

  

  I-AppCenter iphinde yengeza izigaba ezintsha zohlelo lokusebenza futhi yabhekana nezinkinga ngokuqinisekiswa kwe-imeyili, izitayela zezinkinobho, nokubonakala kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezitholakalayo.

  
• Umuzwa wedeskithophu uthuthukisiwe. Iwindi lemodi yesithombe-esithombeni manje selikhonjiswa ekhoneni elingezansi kwesokudla kwesikrini ngokuzenzakalelayo. Isixhumi esibonakalayo sesithombe-skrini senziwe lula. Inkinobho yokuvula imininingwane yohlelo lokusebenza kusiphathi sokufaka yengezwe kumenyu yokuqukethwe yohlelo lokusebenza. Idizayini yesikhombi sesaziso sesistimu isihlanganisiwe. Inkomba yokulawula umsindo manje isekela ukuskrola ukuze ulungise ukuzwela kwevolumu nemakrofoni. Inkomba yedethi nesikhathi iklanywe kabusha, futhi imicimbi ehleliwe (imakwe ngamachashazi) manje isiboniswa ekhalendeni lokudonsela phansi. Inkomba yokulawula iseshini manje ihlanganisa amathiphu ezinqamuleli zekhibhodi ezitholakalayo.
  
• Itimu emnyama ithatha indawo yomthunzi opholile ompunga ngokumpunga okumaphakathi. Ukuhluka kwama-elementi atimu emnyama kunyusiwe. Amanye amaswishi nezinkomba zenqubekelaphambili zenziwe zaba mncane. Izithonjana zesistimu zibuyekeziwe.
  
• Lapho uskrola, umphumela wokufiphalisa uyasetshenziswa emingceleni engaphezulu nephansi yohlu ezingxoxweni ezidonsela phansi.
  
• Isixhumi esibonakalayo sezilungiselelo zesistimu sinwetshwe kakhulu. Isixhumi esibonakalayo esisha sokuphatha amadivaysi omsindo angaphandle sewethuliwe, okukuvumela ukuthi ukhethe ngokushesha idivayisi yokukhipha umsindo oyifunayo ohlwini. Isixhumi esibonakalayo sokwenza ngokwezifiso umsindo ngezexwayiso ezihlukahlukene sithuthukisiwe.
  
• Izihleli zegundane nephedi yokuthinta zithuthukisiwe, futhi izilungiselelo manje ziqoqwe ngezigaba ezisekelwe ekuziphatheni (ukuchofoza nokuma) kanye nemininingwane yehadiwe (igundane nephedi yokuthinta). Inketho yokuziba iphedi yokuthinta lapho igundane lixhunyiwe yengeziwe, futhi izinkinga ngezilungiselelo zokuchofoza okuphakathi sezixazululiwe.
  

  Ithebhu entsha ethi "Ukubukeka" yengezwe kuzilungiselelo zedeskithophu, ehlanganisa izilungiselelo zosayizi wefonti, ukukhanya kwephaneli, nokugqwayiza kokuvula iwindi.

  

  Isixhumi esibonakalayo sokushintsha izilungiselelo zesikrini siklanywe kabusha. Izinketho ezintsha zokusetha izinga lokuvuselela isikrini kanye nezici zokukala ezinembe kakhudlwana zethuliwe. Inqubo yokunyakaza, ukuthwebula, nokuqondanisa izindawo ezibonakalayo zosayizi abahlukahlukene besikrini isiklanywe kabusha.

  
• I-interface yezilungiselelo ze-Bluetooth ithuthukisiwe. Ukuthembeka kwe-ejenti yokumatanisa namadivayisi e-Bluetooth kanye nokusetha izinga lokwethembana kuthuthukisiwe uma idivayisi idinga iphinikhodi noma iphasiwedi.
  
  

  Izilungiselelo zedethi nesikhathi zibuyekeziwe. Ukukhethwa kwendawo yesikhathi ezenzakalelayo yengeziwe. Isixhumi esibonakalayo sokukhetha amaphekhi olimi nokusetha ukwenziwa kwasendaweni siklanywe kabusha. Ukusetha ulimi olusha kuyiswe engxoxweni ehlukile.

  

  I-VPN kanye nezilungisi zemodi yephoyinti lokufinyelela ezingenantambo ziklanywe kabusha futhi manje sezisetshenziswa njengamathebhu esikhundleni sezingxoxo ezihlukene.

  

  Isixhumi esibonakalayo sokucushwa, esigcina izilungiselelo zobumfihlo nezokuphepha, siklanywe kabusha. Isigaba sokuhlanzwa okuzenzakalelayo kwamafayela esikhashana kanye ne-Recycle Bin kuhlanganiswe nesigaba esihambisanayo kusixhumi esibonakalayo sokuqala. Inketho yengezwe esigabeni sokuphathwa kwamandla ukuze kuboniswe ibhokisi lokuqinisekisa lapho ucindezela inkinobho yamandla.

  
• Uhlelo lokusesha kumenyu yohlelo lokusebenza lunwetshiwe ukuze luvumele ukusesha izilungiselelo ezijwayelekile.
  
• Kubuyekezwe Idizayini yesihleli sekhalenda ihlanganisa ingxoxo ethuthukisiwe yokuphatha umcimbi, iphalethi yombala enwetshiwe, nosekelo lokuzulazula lwekhibhodi olungeziwe.
  
• Umphathi wesithombe ubuyekeze amabhokisi ezingxoxo futhi afaka ingemuva lebhodi lokuhlola ukuze agqamise izindawo ezikhanyayo zezithombe. Uhlelo lokusebenza lwekhamera lunwebise ukwesekwa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha, ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe, nokusebenzisana okuthuthukisiwe namakhompyutha aphathekayo amaningana adumile.
  
• Isidlali somculo manje sinikeza izinketho zokuhlunga ezinwetshiwe kuzo zonke izindlela zokubuka (i-albhamu, uhlu, amakholomu). Izilawuli zekhibhodi zenziwe lula. Ukusebenza ngezinhlu zokudlalayo nolayini kuthuthukisiwe. Usekelo lwamafayela we-s3m lwengeziwe.
  Ukusebenza kokusebenzelana okuthuthukisiwe kuzikrini ze-HiDPI.
  
• Isidlali sevidiyo manje sidala ngokuzenzakalelayo ulayini wokudlala iziqephu uma sibuka izinhlelo ze-TV. Izilawuli zekhibhodi zithuthukisiwe. Inkinobho enikelwe yokusula ulayini wokudlala yengeziwe.
  
• Umphathi wefayela manje usekela ukufinyelela kusitoreji samafu nezinsizakalo zokuvumelanisa ifayela. Ukusebenzisana nesitoreji sangaphandle kufezwa ngama-plugin asekelwe ku-API, ehlelelwe ukufakwa kumphathi wefayela lomdabu we-GNOME.
  Ukuze kube lula ukufinyelela kumsebenzi wokusesha, kungezwe isithonjana esizinikele, kanye nekhono lokufaka ibinzana lokusesha ngenkambu yokufaka yomzila wefayela lapho usohlwini lwemibhalo lwasekhaya, okufana nokusesha ngebha yekheli ezipheqululini. Imiphumela yosesho manje isiboniswa ngefomethi ehlangene futhi ingaboniswa ngaphandle kwezithombe ezincane. Isistimu yokuqoqa amafayela, kusetshenziswa amalebula ombala, ithuthukiswe kakhulu.
  
• Umhleli wekhodi manje ubonisa izinqamuleli zekhibhodi kumathiphu wamathuluzi. Isici sokushintsha amagatsha ku-Git sengeziwe. Iphaneli engakwesokunxele manje ibonisa amafayela afihliwe nangewona ombhalo endaweni yokugcina ye-Git. Ukulondoloza ngokuzenzakalelayo nokubuyisela ifayela kuthuthukisiwe.
  
• Isizindalwazi sephakheji sivunyelaniswe no-Ubuntu 18.04.3. Isitaki sezithombe (Mesa 18.2.8) nezishayeli zevidiyo ze-Intel, AMD, ne-NVIDIA chips zibuyekeziwe. Ukushintshela ku-Linux kernel 5.0 kunweba ukusekelwa kwehadiwe (ukukhishwa kwangaphambilini kuhanjiswe nge-kernel 4.15).

Source: opennet.ru