Ukukhishwa kokusabalalisa kwe-Ubuntu 21.04

Ukukhishwa kokusatshalaliswa kwe-Ubuntu 21.04 "Hirsute Hippo" kuyatholakala, okuhlukaniswa njengokukhishwa okuphakathi, izibuyekezo ezikhiqizwa phakathi nezinyanga eziyi-9 (ukusekelwa kuzohlinzekwa kuze kube nguJanuwari 2022). Izithombe zokufakwa zenzelwe Ubuntu, Ubuntu Server, Lubuntu, Kubuntu, Ubuntu Mate, Ubuntu Budgie, Ubuntu Studio, Xubuntu kanye no-UbuntuKylin (uhlelo lwesiShayina).

Izinguquko eziyinhloko:

• Ideskithophu iyaqhubeka nokuthumela i-GNOME Shell 3.38, eyakhelwe kusetshenziswa i-GTK3, kodwa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-GNOME zivumelaniswa ngokuyinhloko ne-GNOME 40 (ushintsho lwedeskithophu luye ku-GTK 4 kanye ne-GNOME 40 kuthathwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi).
• Ngokuzenzakalelayo, iseshini esekelwe kuphrothokholi ye-Wayland ivuliwe. Uma usebenzisa abashayeli be-NVIDIA yobunikazi, iseshini esekelwe kuseva ye-X isanikezwa ngokuzenzakalelayo, kodwa kwezinye izilungiselelo le seshini yehliselwe esigabeni sezinketho. Kuyaphawulwa ukuthi imikhawulo eminingi yeseshini ye-GNOME esekwe e-Wayland ehlonzwe njengezinkinga ezivimba ukushintshela ku-Wayland isanda kuxazululwa. Isibonelo, manje sekungenzeka ukwabelana ngedeskithophu yakho usebenzisa iseva yemidiya ye-Pipewire. Umzamo wokuqala wokuhambisa Ubuntu uye e-Wayland ngokuzenzakalelayo wenziwe ngo-2017 nge-Ubuntu 17.10, kodwa ku-Ubuntu 18.04, ngenxa yezinkinga ezingaxazululiwe, isitaki sezithombe esingokwesiko esisekelwe ku-X.Org Server sabuyiswa.
• Kuphakanyiswe itimu entsha ye-Yaru emnyama futhi izithonjana zibuyekeziwe ukuze kukhonjwe izinhlobo zamafayela.
• Ukwesekwa okwengeziwe kweseva yemidiya ye-Pipewire, ekuvumela ukuthi uhlele ukuqoshwa kwesikrini, uthuthukise ukusekelwa komsindo ezinhlelweni ezingazodwa, unikeze ngamakhono okucubungula umsindo ochwepheshe, ukuqeda ukuhlukana futhi uhlanganise ingqalasizinda yomsindo yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukene.
• Ukwesekwa okwengeziwe kokuqinisekisa kusetshenziswa amakhadi ahlakaniphile (kusetshenziswa pam_sss 7).
• Kubuso bekhompuyutha, amandla okuhambisa izinsiza kuzinhlelo zokusebenza kusetshenziswa indlela yokudonsa nokuwisa yengeziwe.
• Kuzilungiselelo, manje sekungenzeka ukushintsha iphrofayili yokusetshenziswa kwamandla.
• Isifaki sengeze usekelo lokudala izikhiye eziyisipele zokubuyisela ukufinyelela kuma-partitions abethelwe, angasetshenziselwa ukususa ukubethela uma iphasiwedi ilahleka.
• Ukuhlanganiswa okuthuthukisiwe ne-Active Directory kanye nekhono lokuqinisekisa abasebenzisi ku-Active Directory ngosekelo lwe-GPO (Izinto Zenqubomgomo Yeqembu) ngokushesha ngemva kokufaka Ubuntu. Abalawuli bangaphatha izindawo zokusebenza ze-Ubuntu ngokubeka izilungiselelo kusilawuli sesizinda se-Active Directory, okuhlanganisa izilungiselelo zedeskithophu kanye nesethi yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinikezwayo. I-GPO ingasetshenziswa ukuchaza izinqubomgomo zokuphepha zawo wonke amaklayenti axhunyiwe, okuhlanganisa ukusetha imingcele yokufinyelela komsebenzisi nemithetho yephasiwedi.
• Imodeli yokufinyelela uhla lwemibhalo lwabasebenzisi basekhaya kusistimu ishintshiwe - uhla lwemibhalo lwasekhaya manje selwakhiwe ngamalungelo 750 (drwxr-x—), olunikeza ukufinyelela kunkomba kuphela kumnikazi namalungu eqembu. Ngenxa yezizathu zomlando, izinkomba zangaphambili zabasebenzisi basekhaya ku-Ubuntu zadalwa ngezimvume 755 (drwxr-xr-x), ezivumela umsebenzisi oyedwa ukuthi abuke okuqukethwe kunkomba yomunye.
• I-Linux kernel ibuyekeziwe ukuze ibe yinguqulo engu-5.11, ehlanganisa ukusekelwa kwe-Intel SGX enclaves, indlela entsha yokubamba izingcingo zesistimu, ibhasi elisizayo elibonakalayo, ukuvinjelwa kwamamojula wokwakha ngaphandle kwe-MODULE_LICENSE(), imodi yokuhlunga okusheshayo yamakholi wesistimu ku-seccomp. , ukuqedwa kokusekelwa kwezakhiwo ze-ia64, ukudluliselwa kobuchwepheshe be-WiMAX egatsheni "lesiteji", ikhono lokuhlanganisa i-SCTP ku-UDP.
• Ngokuzenzakalelayo, isihlungi sephakethe le-nfttables sinikwe amandla. Ukugcina ukuhambisana okubuyela emuva, iphakheji ye-iptables-nft iyatholakala, ehlinzeka ngezinsiza ezine-syntax yomugqa womyalo ofanayo njengama-iptables, kodwa ihumusha imithetho ewumphumela ibe yi-nf_tables bytecode.
• Kuzinhlelo ze-x86_64 (amd64) ne-AArch64 (arm64), usekelo lwemodi ye-UEFI SecureBoot luthuthukisiwe. Isendlalelo sokuhlela ukuqalisa okuqinisekisiwe sishintshelwe ekusebenziseni indlela ye-SBAT (UEFI Secure Boot Advanced Targeting), exazulula izinkinga ngokuhoxiswa kwesitifiketi. Ukusekelwa kwe-SBAT kungeziwe kumaphakheji we-grub2, shim kanye ne-fwupd. I-SBAT ihlanganisa ukwengezwa kwemethadatha entsha, esayinwe ngedijithali futhi engafakwa ngaphezu kwalokho ohlwini lwezingxenye ezivunyelwe noma ezinqatshelwe ze-UEFI Secure Boot. Imethadatha ecacisiwe ikuvumela ukuthi ulawule izinombolo zenguqulo yezingxenye ngesikhathi sokuhoxiswa ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuvuselela izikhiye ze-Secure Boot futhi ngaphandle kokukhiqiza amasignesha amasha e-kernel, shim, grub2 kanye ne-fwupd.
• Izingxenye zesistimu nezilimi zokuhlela zibuyekeziwe, okuhlanganisa i-GCC 10.3.0, binutils 2.36.1, glibc 2.33, Python 3.9.4, Perl 5.32.1. LLVM 12, Go 1.16, Rust 1.50, OpenJDK 16, Ruby 2.7.2, Rails 6.
• Izinguqulo ezibuyekeziwe zezinhlelo zokusebenza namasistimu angaphansi, okuhlanganisa i-Mesa 21.0, i-PulseAudio 14, i-BlueZ 5.56, i-NetworkManager 1.30, i-Firefox 87, i-LibreOffice 7.1.2, i-Thunderbird 78.8.1, i-Darktable 3.4.1, i-Inkscape 1.0.2, i-Scribus. .1.5.6.1, KDEnlive 26.1.2, Blender 20.12.3, Krita 2.83.5, GIMP 4.4.3.
• Izingxenye ezibuyekeziwe zezinhlelo zeseva, okuhlanganisa i-PostgreSQL 13.2, Samba 4.13.3, QEMU 5.2, SSSD 2.40, Net-SNMP 5.9, DPDK 20.11.1, Strongswan 5.9.1, Open vSwitch 2.15, Chrony 4.0.Open.VPN umphathi 2.5.1, Libvirt 3.2.0, Rsyslog 7.0, Docker 8.2102.0, OpenStack Wallaby.
• Izakhiwo ze-Raspberry Pi zihlanganisa ukwesekwa kwe-Wayland. Kwengezwe ukwesekwa kwe-GPIO (nge-libgpiod ne-liblgpio). Amabhodi e-Compute Module 4 asekela i-Wi-Fi ne-Bluetooth.
• Kwengezwe amabhodi e-HiFive SiFive Unleashed kanye ne-HiFive SiFive Unmatched ngokusekelwe ekwakhiweni kwe-RISC-V.
• Ukuze usebenze ne-iSCSI, esikhundleni se-tgt, kusetshenziswa ikhithi yamathuluzi ye-targetcli-fb, enokusebenza okuphezulu, izici ezengeziwe nokusekelwa kwe-SCSI 3 clustering.
• I-Ubuntu Server ihlanganisa iphakheji ye-needrestart, esebenza ekupheleni komsebenzi ngamunye we-APT, ithola izinguquko ezidinga ukuqaliswa kabusha, bese yazisa umlawuli ngakho.
• Ukusekelwa kwemojula ye-lua ye-nginx, engahambelani nezinguqulo ezintsha ze-nginx, kunqanyuliwe (esikhundleni semojula ehlukile, iphrojekthi manje ithuthukisa i-OpenResty, uhlelo olukhethekile lwe-Nginx olusekelwa okuhlanganisiwe kwe-LuaJIT).
• UKubuntu unikeza ideskithophu ye-KDE Plasma 5.21 kanye ne-KDE Applications 20.12.3. Uhlaka lwe-Qt lubuyekeziwe lwaba yinguqulo 5.15.2. Isidlali somculo esimisiwe ngu-Elisa 20.12.3. Izinguqulo ezibuyekeziwe ze-Krita 4.4.3 kanye ne-Kdevelop 5.6.2. Iseshini esekelwe ku-Wayland iyatholakala, kodwa ayinikwa amandla ngokuzenzakalela (ukuze uyivule, khetha i-“Plasma (Wayland)” esikrinini sokungena ngemvume).
• Ku-Xubuntu, ideskithophu ye-Xfce ibuyekeziwe ukuze ibe yinguqulo engu-4.16. Ukwakhiwa okuyisisekelo kufaka phakathi izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Hexchat ne-Synaptic. Kudeskithophu, ngokuzenzakalelayo, imenyu yohlelo lokusebenza ivaliwe ngokuchofoza kwesokudla igundane futhi izinqamuleli ezinhlelweni zamafayela namadrayivu angaphandle ayafihlwa.
• Ubuntu MATE uyaqhubeka nokuthumela i-MATE 1.24 desktop release.
• I-Ubuntu Studio isebenzisa ngokuzenzakalelayo umphathi weseshini entsha yomculo u-Agordejo, izinguqulo ezibuyekeziwe ze-Studio Controls 2.1.4, Ardor 6.6, RaySession 0.10.1, Hydrogen 1.0.1, Carla 2.3-rc2, jack-mixer 15-1, lsp-plugins 1.1.29 .XNUMX .
• I-Lubuntu inikezela ngemvelo eyisithombe i-LXQt 0.16.0.
• Ubuntu Budgie usebenzisa ukukhululwa kwedeskithophu entsha ye-Budgie 10.5.2. Izakhiwo ezingeziwe ze-Raspberry Pi 4. Kwengezwe itimu yesitayela se-macOS yokuzikhethela. I-Shuffler, isixhumi esibonakalayo sokuzulazula ngokushesha kumafasitela avuliwe kanye nokuhlanganisa amawindi kugridi, yengeze isixhumi esibonakalayo Sezakhiwo sokuqoqa nokuqalisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezimbalwa ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi yasebenzisa amandla okulungisa indawo nosayizi wewindi lohlelo lokusebenza. kanye ne-New applets budgie-clipboard-applet (ukuphathwa kwebhodi lokunamathisela) kanye ne-budgie-analogue-applet (iwashi le-analogi) kuhlongoziwe.Umklamo wedeskithophu ubuyekeziwe, itimu emnyama inikezwa ngokuzenzakalelayo. I-Budgie Welcome inikeza isixhumi esibonakalayo esisekelwe kuthebhu sezindikimba zokuzulazula.

Ukwengeza, umphakathi uphakamise izinguqulo ezimbili ezingekho emthethweni ze-Ubuntu 21.04: Ubuntu Cinnamon Remix 21.04 nge-Cinnamon desktop kanye ne-Ubuntu Unity Remix 21.04 ngedeskithophu ye-Unity.

Source: opennet.ru