Google ukukhululwa kweplatifomu yeselula evulekile . Ikhodi yomthombo ehlotshaniswa nokukhishwa okusha ithunyelwa kokuthi iphrojekthi (igatsha android-11.0.0_r1). Izibuyekezo ze-Firmware zilungiselelwa amadivayisi ochungechunge , kanye nama-smartphones akhiqizwe i-OnePlus, i-Xiaomi, i-OPPO ne-Realme. Futhi universal GSI (Generic System Images), elungele amadivayisi ahlukahlukene asekelwe ku-ARM64 kanye ne-x86_64 yezakhiwo.
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- Kwenziwe izinguquko ezihloselwe ukwenza kube lula ukuxhumana phakathi kwabantu abasebenzisa i-smartphone. Endaweni yezaziso eyehlela phansi phezulu, isigaba somlayezo wesifinyezo sisetshenzisiwe, esikuvumela ukuthi ubuke futhi uphendule imilayezo evela kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza endaweni eyodwa (imilayezo iboniswa ngaphandle kokuhlukaniswa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingazodwana). Izingxoxo ezibalulekile zingasethwa kusimo esibalulekile ukuze zibonakale futhi zibonakale ngisho nakumodi yokungaphazamisi.
Umqondo othi “amabhamuza” ucushiwe, izingxoxo ezizivelelayo zokwenza izenzo kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ngaphandle kokushiya uhlelo lwamanje. Isibonelo, ngosizo lwamabhamuza, ungaqhubeka nengxoxo kusithunywa, uthumele imilayezo ngokushesha, ugcine uhlu lwakho lwemisebenzi lubonakala, bhala amanothi, finyelela izinsiza zokuhumusha futhi uthole izikhumbuzi ezibukwayo, ngenkathi usebenza kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.
- Ikhibhodi esesikrinini isebenzisa isistimu yezeluleko zomongo ukuze uphendule ngokushesha imilayezo, inikeze i-emoji noma izimpendulo ezijwayelekile ezifana nencazelo yomlayezo owamukelwe (ngokwesibonelo, uma ithola umlayezo othi “ubunjani umhlangano?” iphakamisa ukuthi “kuhle kakhulu” ). Indlela yokusebenza isetshenziswa kusetshenziswa izindlela zokufunda zomshini kanye nenkundla , okukuvumela ukuthi ukhethe izincomo kudivayisi yasendaweni ngaphandle kokufinyelela izinsiza zangaphandle.
Kuphakanyiswe isixhumi esibonakalayo sokufinyelela okusheshayo kumathuluzi okulawula amadivayisi anamathiselwe, njengamasistimu okulawula asekhaya ahlakaniphile, okubizwa ngokucindezela isikhathi eside inkinobho yamandla. Isibonelo, manje ungakwazi ukulungisa ngokushesha izilungiselelo ze-thermostat yasekhaya, uvule izibani, futhi uvule iminyango ngaphandle kokuqalisa izinhlelo ezihlukene. I-interface iphinde inikeze izinkinobho zokukhetha ngokushesha amasistimu okukhokha axhunyiwe namaphasi okugibela ngogesi.
Izilawuli zokudlala zemidiya ezintsha zengeziwe ukuze kube lula futhi kusheshe ukushintsha idivayisi okudlalwa ngayo ividiyo noma umsindo. Isibonelo, ungashintsha ngokushesha ukudlalwa komculo kusuka kuma-headphone kuya ku-TV yakho noma izipikha zangaphandle.
- Usekelo olungeziwe lokunikeza izimvume zesikhathi esisodwa, okuvumela uhlelo lokusebenza ukwenza umsebenzi oyilungelo kanye nokucela ukuqinisekiswa futhi ngesikhathi esilandelayo lapho luzama ukufinyelela khona. Isibonelo, ungamisa umsebenzisi ukuthi akutshele izimvume njalo uma ufinyelela imakrofoni yakho, ikhamera, noma i-API yendawo.
Ikhono lokuvimba ngokuzenzakalelayo izimvume eziceliwe zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingakaqaliswa isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezintathu seliqalisiwe. Uma ivinjiwe, isaziso esikhethekile siboniswa ngohlu lwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingazange ziqaliswe isikhathi eside, lapho ungabuyisela khona izimvume, ususe uhlelo lokusebenza, noma ulushiye luvinjiwe.
- Ikhono elakhelwe ngaphakathi lokudala ama-screencasts anezinguquko zokurekhoda esikrinini nomsindo ovela kumakrofoni.
- Kwenza kube lula ukukhetha umbhalo nezithombe ezizobekwa ebhodini lokunamathisela kanye nokwabelana phakathi kwezinhlelo zokusebenza.
- Isistimu yokulawula izwi yedivayisi ithuthukisiwe (), okukuvumela ukuthi ulawule i-smartphone yakho usebenzisa imiyalo yezwi kuphela. I-Voice Access manje iqonda okuqukethwe kwesikrini futhi icabangela umongo, futhi ikhiqiza amalebula emiyalo yokufinyeleleka.
- Kwengezwe isici esithi "Ukwabelana Okuseduze" ukuze sithumele amafayela ngokushesha nangokuvikelekile, amavidiyo, idatha yendawo nolunye ulwazi kwamanye amadivayisi aseduze ngokusekelwe kuplathifomu ye-Android noma isiphequluli se-Chrome.
- I-Android Emulator yengeze ikhono lokuhlola lokuqalisa ikhodi esebenzisekayo yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingu-32- kanye ne-64-bit ezihlanganiswe isakhiwo se-ARM, sizungezwe isithombe sesistimu ye-Android 11 esebenza kusifanisi, esihlanganiselwe isakhiwo se-x86_64. I-emulator manje isekela ukulingisa ukusebenza kwamakhamera angaphambili nangemuva. Ikhamera2 API HW isetshenziswe kukhamera yangemuva ngosekelo lokucubungula kwe-YUV kanye nokuthwebula kwe-RAW.
Ileveli ifakiwe kukhamera yangaphambili ngokusekelwa kwekhamera okunengqondo (idivayisi eyodwa enengqondo esekelwe kumadivayisi amabili aphathekayo anama-engeli wokubuka amancane nabanzi). - Usekelo olunwetshiwe lwezinga lokuxhumana leselula le-5G, eliletha ukudlula okuphezulu nokubambezeleka okuphansi. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzisa inethiwekhi ezenza izinto ezinjengokusakaza ividiyo ye-4K futhi zilande amafa amageyimu encazelo ephezulu manje zingasebenzisa inethiwekhi yomhlinzeki wesevisi weselula ngaphezu kwe-Wi-Fi. Ukwenza kube lula ukujwayela kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ngokucabangela iziteshi zokuxhumana ze-5G, i-API inwetshiwe , esetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukuthi uxhumano lukhokhisiwe yini ngethrafikhi nokuthi inani elikhulu ledatha lingadluliswa ngakho. Le API manje ihlanganisa amanethiwekhi weselula futhi ikuvumela ukuthi unqume ukuxhumana nomhlinzeki ohlinzeka ngentela engenamkhawulo ngempela lapho uxhuma nge-5G. Kungezwe i-5G state API, okuvumela uhlelo lokusebenza ukunquma ngokushesha ukuxhumeka nge-5G kumamodi noma .
I-API enwetshiwe futhi , okukuvumela ukuthi ubikezele inani lomkhawulokudonsa otholakalayo wokulanda noma ukuthumela idatha, ngaphandle kokwenza izivivinyo zakho zenethiwekhi.
- Ukwesekwa okwengeziwe kwezinhlobo ezintsha zezikrini "ze-pinhole" (isikrini sithatha yonke indawo engaphambili ye-smartphone, ngaphandle kombuthano omncane ekhoneni elingaphezulu kwesokunxele lekhamera yangaphambili) kanye "nempophoma" (isikrini siphinde simboze okuyindilinga imiphetho eseceleni yedivayisi). Izinhlelo zokusebenza manje zinganquma ubukhona bezindawo ezengeziwe ezibonakalayo nezingaboni kulezi zikrini zisebenzisa i-API evamile . Ukuvala imiphetho eseceleni futhi uhlele ukusebenzisana ezindaweni eziseduze nemiphetho yezikrini "zempophoma", i-API iphakamisa .
- Izinketho ezintsha zengeziwe ukulawula ukufinyelela kohlelo lokusebenza kudatha yomuntu siqu. Ngokungeziwe kumodi evele ekukhishweni kokugcina, ukufinyelela endaweni kuphela ngenkathi usebenza nohlelo (ukufinyelela kuvinjelwe ngemuva) ku-Android 11. ukusekelwa kokugunyazwa kwesikhathi esisodwa. Umsebenzisi manje anganikeza uhlelo lokusebenza ukufinyelela kwesikhashana kuzimvume ezibalulekile njengendawo, imakrofoni, nokufinyelela kwekhamera. Imvume ivumeleke ngesikhathi seseshini yamanje futhi ihoxiswa ngokushesha nje lapho umsebenzisi eshintshela kolunye uhlelo.
- Izinguquko zenziwe ukuze kube lula ukuthuthela izinhlelo zokusebenza endaweni yokugcina
, okukuvumela ukuthi uhlukanise amafayela ohlelo lokusebenza kudivayisi yokugcina yangaphandle (isibonelo, ikhadi le-SD). Nge-Scoped Storage, idatha yohlelo lokusebenza ikhawulelwe kunkomba ethile, futhi ukufinyelela kumaqoqo emidiya okwabelwana ngayo kudinga izimvume ezihlukene. I-Android 11 isekela imodi yokuzikhethela yokufinyelela imidiya usebenzisa izindlela ezigcwele zefayela,
I-DocumentsUI API ibuyekeziwe futhi nekhono lokwenza imisebenzi yenqwaba ku-MediaStore lengeziwe. - Amandla anwetshiwe we izinzwa ze-biometric zokuqinisekisa. I-BiometricPrompt API, enikezela ngengxoxo yomhlaba wonke yokuqinisekisa i-biometric, manje isekela izinhlobo ezintathu zokufakazela ubuqiniso - okuqinile, okubuthakathaka kanye nemininingwane yedivayisi. Ukuhlanganiswa okulula kwe-BiometricPrompt ngezakhiwo ezihlukahlukene zohlelo lokusebenza, kungagcini ekusetshenzisweni kwekilasi .
- Lapho kuhlanganiswa izingxenye zeplathifomu ezidinga ukuvikelwa okwengeziwe, izindlela zokuvikela ezisebenza esigabeni sokuhlanganiswa ziyasetshenziswa (Lawula Ubuqotho Bokugeleza) , (I-Integer Overflow Sanitization) kanye . Ukuhlonza izinkinga lapho usebenza ngenkumbulo ezinhlelweni zokusebenza, ukuhlola izikhombisi enqwabeni kunikwe amandla ngokusekelwe kumathegi anamathiselwe kuzo (). Ukuthola amaphutha ememori isithombe sesistimu esengeziwe lapho indlela yokususa iphutha inikwe amandla (Ikheli elisizwa ngezingxenyekazi zekhompyuthaISanitizer).
- I-API ilungisiwe , okuvumela ukuthi uhlele ukushintshaniswa okuphephile kwedatha kanambambili phakathi kwezinhlelo zokusebenza. Isibonelo, le API ingasetshenziselwa ukunikeza izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ukufinyelela kumamodeli okufunda omshini lapho lezo zinhlelo zokusebenza ziqhutshwa umsebenzisi oyedwa.
- Usekelo olungeziwe lwezingxenyekazi zokugcina ngokuphephile kanye nokubuyisa amadokhumenti kamazisi aqinisekisekayo, njengamalayisense okushayela e-elekthronikhi.
- Njengengxenye yephrojekthi ye-Mainline, ekuvumela ukuthi ubuyekeze izingxenye zesistimu ngayinye ngaphandle kokubuyekeza yonke inkundla, amamojula amasha angu-12 avuselelwayo alungiselelwe ngaphezu kwamamojula angu-10 atholakala ku-Android 10. Izibuyekezo zithinta izingxenye ezingezona zehadiwe ezilandwa kusetshenziswa I-Google Play ngokuhlukile kuzibuyekezo ze-firmware ze-OTA kumkhiqizi. Phakathi kwamamojula amasha angabuyekezwa nge-Google Play ngaphandle kokubuyekeza i-firmware kukhona imojula yokuphatha izimvume, imojula yokusebenza ngamadrayivu (ngokusekelwa kwe-Scoped Storage) kanye nemojula ene-NNAPI (Neural Networks API).
- ukusebenza ukunciphisa umthelela wezinguquko ekuziphatheni kwamanye amasistimu angaphansi ekusebenzeni kwezinhlelo zokusebenza. Ukuqamba okusha okungase kuthinte ukusebenza kwezinhlelo zokusebenza manje kungakhutshazwa ngokuzithandela futhi kulungiswe ezingeni le-SDK. Ukuze kube lula ukuhlola ukuhambisana kohlelo lokusebenza ne-Android 11, isixhumi esibonakalayo Sezinketho Zonjiniyela kanye nesisetshenziswa se-adb sinikezela ngezilungiselelo zokuvumela nokukhubaza izici ezithinta ukuhambisana (okukuvumela ukuthi wenze ukuhlola ngaphandle kokushintsha i-targetSdkVersion nangaphandle kokwakha kabusha uhlelo lokusebenza). Ukufakwa ohlwini okumpunga okubuyekeziwe kwama-API akhawulelwe akunikeziwe ku-SDK.
- Uhlaka lwengeziwe , okuvumela izinsiza ezengeziwe ukuthi zilayishwe ngokuguquguqukayo phakathi nokusetshenziswa kohlelo lokusebenza.
- Isevisi yokuqinisekisa ikholi yengeze amandla okudlulisela ezinhlelweni zokusebenza isimo sokuqinisekisa socingo olungenayo, olungasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza izingxoxo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ngemva kokucubungula ucingo, isibonelo, okuhlanganisa izenzo ezengeziwe zokumaka ucingo njengogaxekile noma ukulungeza incwadi yamakheli.
- I-API ethuthukisiwe , okuvumela uhlelo lokusebenza (umphathi woxhumano lwenethiwekhi) ukuba nomthelela ku-algorithm yokukhetha amanethiwekhi angenawaya ancanyelwayo ngokudlulisa uhlu olulinganiselwe lwamanethiwekhi, futhi lucabangela amamethrikhi engeziwe lapho kukhethwa inethiwekhi, njengolwazi mayelana nomkhawulokudonsa kanye nekhwalithi yokuxhumana. isiteshi ngesikhathi soxhumano lwangaphambilini. Kwengezwe amandla okuphatha amanethiwekhi angenantambo asekela izinga (I-Passpoint), okuhlanganisa ukubalwa kwemali kwesikhathi sokuphelelwa yisikhathi sephrofayela yomsebenzisi kanye nekhono lokusebenzisa izitifiketi ezizisayinele kumaphrofayili.
- I-ImageDecoder API yengeze usekelo lokukhipha ikhodi nokubonisa izithombe ezigqwayizayo ngefomethi ye-HEIF (i-Apple's HEIC), esebenzisa izindlela zokuminyanisa ze-HEVC (H.265). Uma kuqhathaniswa nezithombe ze-GIF ezigqwayizayo, ifomethi ye-HEIF inganciphisa kakhulu usayizi wefayela.
- I-API yengezwe ku-NDK ukuze isetshenziswe kukhodi yomdabu yombhalo wekhodi wesithombe kanye nemisebenzi yokukhipha amakhodi (i-JPEG, i-PNG, i-WebP, njll.), ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amalabhulali ezinkampani zangaphandle. I-API entsha yenza kube nokwenzeka ukwehlisa usayizi wamafayela e-APK ngezinhlelo zokusebenza zomdabu futhi kuxazululwe inkinga yokubuyekeza amalabhulali ashumekiwe angase aqukathe ubungozi.
- Izinhlelo zokusebenza zekhamera manje zingakhubaza okwesikhashana ukudlidliza (isibonelo, phakathi nezaziso) ukuze zikuvimbele ukuthi zingacupha phakathi neseshini yekhamera.
- Kungenzeka ukunika amandla amamodi (ukufiphalisa ingemuva esithombeni) kumadivayisi azisekelayo (isibonelo, imodi emile inikeza ikhwalithi yesithombe ephezulu, futhi imodi eqhubekayo inikeza ukufaniswa okunembe kakhudlwana kudatha evela kunzwa).
- I-API eyengeziwe ye и Izindlela zokudlala zevidiyo ezibambezelekayo eziphansi ezidingekayo ezinhlelweni zokusakaza bukhoma. Ukwengeza, usekelo lwengeziwe lwemodi yokusebenza ye-HDMI ephansi ye-latency (Imodi Yegeyimu), evimbela ukucutshungulwa kwezithombe ukuze kuncishiswe ukubambezeleka ku-TV noma imonitha yangaphandle.
- Okwamadivaysi anezikrini ezigoqekayo I-API yokuthola ulwazi kusuka kunzwa ye-engeli yokuvula isigamu sesikrini. Ngokusebenzisa i-API entsha, izinhlelo zokusebenza zingakwazi ukunquma i-engeli yokuvula okuyiyonayona futhi zenze okuphumayo ngendlela efanele.
- I-API yokuhlola ikholi inwetshiwe ukuze kutholwe amakholi azenzakalelayo. Ezinhlelweni ezihlunga izingcingo, usekelo lwenziwe lokuhlola isimo socingo olungenayo nge yokukhohlisa umazisi wocingo, kanjalo buyisela isizathu sokuvimbela ucingo bese ushintsha okuqukethwe kwesikrini sesistimu esiboniswa ngemva kokuphela kocingo ukuze umake ucingo njengogaxekile noma ulungeze ebhukwini lamakheli.
- I-API inwetshiwe , ehlinzeka izinhlelo zokusebenza ngekhono lokusebenzisa ukusheshisa kwehadiwe kumasistimu okufunda komshini. I-API ibekwe njengesendlalelo esiyisisekelo sokusebenza kwezinhlaka zokufunda zomshini ku-Android, njenge kanye neCaf2.
Ukwesekwa okwengeziwe komsebenzi wokwenza kusebenze , okuvumela ukuthi unciphise isikhathi sokuqeqeshwa kwenethiwekhi ye-neural futhi ukwandise ukunemba kokwenza imisebenzi ethile, isibonelo, ukusheshisa umsebenzi ngamamodeli wombono wekhompyutha ngokusekelwe . Kwengezwe umsebenzi Wokulawula okuvumela ukuthi udale amamodeli okufunda emishini athuthuke kakhulu asekela amagatsha namaluphu. I-Asynchronous Command Queue API isetshenziswe ukuze kuncishiswe ukubambezeleka lapho kusetshenziswa amamodeli amancane axhunyiwe eduze kweketango.
Inani lamamodeli enethiwekhi ye-neural enziwe ngomumo aphakanyiselwe ukusetshenziswa kumadivayisi eselula, okuhlanganisa (ukubona izinto ezithombeni), (umbono wekhompyutha) kanye Smart
Phendula (ukukhethwa kwezinketho zokuphendula imiyalezo). Ukusekelwa kokulinganisa okuthuthukisiwe kusetshenziswa izinombolo eziphelele ezisayiniwe esikhundleni sezinombolo zamaphoyinti antantayo, okuvumela amamodeli amancane nezikhathi zokucubungula ngokushesha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Quality of Service API yengeze amandla okuphatha izinto ezibalulekile kanye nokuphelelwa yisikhathi lapho kwenziwa amamodeli, futhi i-Memory Domain API inwetshiwe ukuze kuncishiswe ukukopishwa kwememori nokusebenza kokuguqulwa lapho kusetshenziswa amamodeli ngokulandelana. - Kwengezwe izinhlobo ezihlukene zezinsizakalo zangemuva zekhamera nemakrofoni ezizodinga ukucelwa uma uhlelo lokusebenza ludinga ukufinyelela ikhamera nemakrofoni ngenkathi lungasebenzi.
- Kwengezwe ama-API amasha we ukubonisa izici zokusebenzelana zohlelo lokusebenza ngokubonakala kwekhibhodi ekusikrini ukuze kuhlelwe ukugqwayiza okukhiphayo okushelelayo ngokwazisa uhlelo lokusebenza mayelana nezinguquko ezingeni lamafreyimu angawodwana.
- I-API yokulawula izinga lokuvuselela isikrini, evumela igeyimu ethile kanye namawindi ohlelo lokusebenza ukuthi asethelwe esilinganisweni esihlukile sokuvuselela (isibonelo, i-Android isebenzisa isilinganiso sokuvuselela esingu-60Hz ngokuzenzakalela, kodwa amanye amadivaysi akuvumela ukuthi ukunyuse uye ku-90Hz).
- Imodi yokuqhubeka nomsebenzi okungenazihibe ngemva kokufaka isibuyekezo se-OTA firmware esidinga ukuqalisa kabusha idivayisi. Imodi entsha ivumela izinhlelo zokusebenza ukuthi zigcine ukufinyelela kusitoreji esibethelwe ngaphandle kokuthi umsebenzisi avule idivayisi ngemva kokuqalisa kabusha, i.e. izinhlelo zokusebenza zizokwazi ngokushesha ukuqhubeka nokwenza imisebenzi yazo nokwamukela imilayezo. Isibonelo, ukufakwa okuzenzakalelayo kwesibuyekezo se-OTA kungahlelwa ebusuku futhi kwenziwe ngaphandle kokungenelela komsebenzisi.
- Kwengezwe ukuthola ulwazi mayelana nezizathu zokunqanyulwa kohlelo, okukuvumela ukuthi unqume ukuthi uhlelo lunqanyulwe ngokusuka kuhlelo lomsebenzisi, ngenxa yokwehluleka, noma lunqanyulwe ngenkani isistimu yokusebenza. I-API futhi yenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhlola isimo sohlelo ngokushesha ngaphambi kokunqanyulwa.
- Kwengezwe , isihlaziyi sememori yenqwaba esikuvumela ukuthi uthole futhi ulungise izinkinga ezibangelwa ukuphatha inkumbulo okungaphephile. I-GWP-ASan ihlaziya imisebenzi yokwabiwa kwenkumbulo futhi ithola okudidayo okunekhanda elincane elincane. Ngokuzenzakalela, i-GWP-ASan inikwe amandla okusebenzisa inkundla nezinhlelo zokusebenza zesistimu. Ukusebenzisa i-GWP-ASan ezinhlelweni zakho zokusebenza kudinga amandla ahlukile.
- Kuhlelo lwe-ADB (i-Android Debug Bridge) imodi yokwengeza yokufaka amaphakheji e-APK (“ukufakwa kwe-adb—okukhulayo”), okukuvumela ukuthi usheshise ngokuphawulekayo ukufakwa kwezinhlelo ezinkulu, njengemidlalo, phakathi nokuthuthukiswa kwazo. Ingqikithi yemodi ukuthi ngesikhathi sokufakwa, izingxenye zephakeji ezidingekayo zokwethulwa zidluliselwa kuqala, kanti ezinye zilayishwa ngemuva, ngaphandle kokuvimbela amandla okuqalisa uhlelo. Isibonelo, lapho ufaka amafayela e-APK amakhulu kuno-2GB, kumodi entsha isikhathi ngaphambi kokuqalisa sincishiswa izikhathi ezingafika kweziyi-10. Ukufakwa okukhulayo okwamanje kusebenza kuphela kumadivayisi e-Pixel 4 ne-4XL; inani lamadivayisi asekelwayo lizonwetshwa ngokukhishwa.
- Ngokuphelele Imodi yokulungisa iphutha nge-ADB esebenzisa uxhumano olungenantambo. Ngokungafani nokulungisa iphutha ngoxhumo lwe-TCP/IP, ukulungisa iphutha nge-Wi-Fi akudingi ukuthi kuxhunywe ikhebula ukuze kusethwe futhi kungakhumbula amadivayisi amataniswe ngaphambilini. Kukhona nezinhlelo zokusebenzisa isikimu sokumatanisa esilula kusetshenziswa ikhodi ye-QR eboniswe ku-Android Studio.
- Amathuluzi abuyekeziwe we ukufinyelela kudatha, okukuvumela ukuthi uhlaziye ukuthi iyiphi idatha yomsebenzisi uhlelo lokusebenza olufinyelela kuyo futhi ngemva kwaziphi izenzo zomsebenzisi. ezinye izingcingo ze-API zokuhlola.
- Imodi ye-“Ethernet tethering” engeziwe, ekuvumela ukuthi unikeze ukufinyelela ku-inthanethi nge-smartphone usebenzisa ama-adaptha e-Ethernet axhunywe ngembobo ye-USB.
- Kuzilungiselelo manje sekunesigaba esinomlando wezaziso kanye nekhono lokusetha ishejuli yokwenza itimu emnyama isebenze.
Source: opennet.ru