Ukukhishwa kwesoftware yamahhala ye-CAD FreeCAD 0.19

Ngemva kweminyaka ecishe ibe mibili yokuthuthuka, ukukhululwa kwe-open parametric 3D modelling system FreeCAD 0.19 kuyatholakala ngokusemthethweni. Ikhodi yomthombo yokukhishwa yashicilelwa ngoFebhuwari 26, yabe isibuyekezwa ngoMashi 12, kodwa isimemezelo esisemthethweni sokukhishwa sabambezeleka ngenxa yokungatholakali kwamaphakheji okufaka awo wonke amapulatifomu amenyezelwe. Emahoreni ambalwa adlule, isixwayiso sokuthi igatsha le-FreeCAD 0.19 alikakalungeli ngokusemthethweni futhi lisathuthukiswa sisusiwe futhi ukukhululwa manje kungabhekwa njengokuqediwe. Inguqulo yamanje kusayithi nayo ishintshiwe kusukela ku-0.18 kuya ku-0.19.1.

Ikhodi ye-FreeCAD isatshalaliswa ngaphansi kwelayisensi ye-LGPLv2 futhi ihlukaniswa ngezinketho eziguquguqukayo zokwenza ngokwezifiso kanye nokusebenza okungeziwe ngokuxhumeka kwezengezo. Imihlangano eseyilungile ilungiselelwa i-Linux (AppImage), i-macOS neWindows. I-interface yakhiwe kusetshenziswa umtapo wezincwadi we-Qt. Izengezo zingadalwa kuPython. Isekela ukulondoloza nokulayisha amamodeli ngamafomethi ahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ISINYATHELO, IGES kanye ne-STL. Vula i-CASCADE isetshenziswa njenge-kernel yokumodela.

I-FreeCAD ikuvumela ukuthi udlale ngezinketho ezahlukene zokuklama ngokushintsha amapharamitha wemodeli futhi uhlole umsebenzi wakho ezindaweni ezihlukene ekuthuthukisweni kwemodeli. Iphrojekthi ingasebenza njengokushintshwa kwamahhala kwezinhlelo ze-CAD zezentengiselwano ezifana ne-CATIA, i-Solid Edge ne-SolidWorks. Nakuba ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kweFreeCAD kusebunjiniyela bemishini kanye nokwakhiwa komkhiqizo omusha, isistimu ingasetshenziswa nakwezinye izindawo ezifana nedizayini yezakhiwo.

Okuqanjiwe okuyinhloko kweFreeCAD 0.19:

• Ukufuduka kwephrojekthi kusuka ku-Python 2 ne-Qt4 kuya ku-Python 3 ne-Qt5 kuphelele kakhulu, futhi onjiniyela abaningi sebevele bashintshele ekusebenziseni i-Python3 ne-Qt5. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kusekhona izinkinga ezingakaxazululwa futhi amanye amamojula ezinkampani zangaphandle awazange athunyelwe kuPython.
• Ikhyubhu yokuzulazula yenziwe yesimanje kusixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi, idizayini yayo ehlanganisa ukukhanya nemicibisholo enwetshiwe. Kwengezwe i-CubeMenu module, ekuvumela ukuthi wenze ngendlela oyifisayo imenyu futhi ushintshe usayizi we-cube.
• Kwethulwe itimu yesithonjana esisha esilula, esikhumbuza i-Blender ngesitayela futhi ihambisana nezikimu zemibala ehlukene, okuhlanganisa amatimu amnyama nawe-monochrome.
• Kwengezwe isixhumi esibonakalayo sokuphatha amatimu wesithonjana.
• Kwengezwe izinketho ezimbalwa zetimu emnyama nesethi yezitayela ezimnyama.
• Kwengezwe isilungiselelo ukuze kuboniswe amabhokisi okuhlola okukhethiwe phambi kwezakhi esihlahleni ezibonisa okuqukethwe kwedokhumenti. Ushintsho luthuthukisa ukusebenziseka kwezikrini zokuthinta.
• Ukwesekwa okwengeziwe kokulondoloza izithombe-skrini ezinengemuva elibonisa ngale kuthuluzi le-ViewScreenShot.
• Uhlelo olusha Lokusebenza::Into yesixhumanisi isetshenzisiwe, yakhelwe ukudala izinto ezixhunyiwe ngaphakathi kwedokhumenti, kanye nokuxhumanisa nezinto ezikumadokhumenti angaphandle. Uhlelo lokusebenza::Isixhumanisi sivumela into eyodwa ukuthi isebenzise idatha esuka kwenye into, njengejometri nokumelwa kwe-3D. Izinto ezixhumene zingatholakala kumafayela afanayo noma ahlukene, futhi ziphathwa njengama-clone angasindi agcwele noma njengento efanayo ekhona kumakhophi amabili ahlukene.
• Izinto ze-C++ ne-Python zivunyelwe ukwengeza izakhiwo eziguqukayo ezingasetshenziswa esikhundleni se-PropertyMemo macro.
• Ikhono lokugqamisa ngokubukeka izinto ezifihliwe kwezinye izakhi linikeziwe.
• Kumhleli wezilungiselelo, manje sekungenzeka ukucacisa idethi nesikhathi emagameni wamafayela ayisipele, ngaphezu kwenombolo ye-serial. Ifomethi ingenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo, isibonelo "%Y%m%d-%H%M%S".
• Umhleli wamapharamitha unenkambu entsha yokusesha ngokushesha amapharamitha.
• Ukwesekwa okwengeziwe kwe-hertz njengeyunithi yokulinganisa ebonakalayo, futhi kuhlongozwe indawo ethi "Frequency". Amayunithi wokulinganisa we-Gauss, Webers kanye ne-Oersted nawo angeziwe.
• Kwengezwe ithuluzi le-TextDocument lokufaka into ukuze kugcinwe umbhalo ongekho emthethweni.
• Kungezwe usekelo lwamamodeli e-3D ngefomethi ye-glTF futhi kwafaka nekhono lokuthekelisa ku-html nge-WebGL.
• Umphathi we-add-on ubuyekezwe kakhulu, unamandla okubonisa ulwazi olugcwele mayelana nazo zonke izindawo zangaphandle nama-macros, kanye nokuhlola izibuyekezo, sebenzisa amakhosombe akho, futhi umake izengezo esezifakiwe, eziphelelwe yisikhathi, noma ilinde ukubuyekezwa.
• Amakhono emvelo yokuklama izakhiwo (i-Arch) anwetshiwe. Ithuluzi le-SectionPlane manje selinokwesekwa kokulahla izifunda ezingabonakali zokulingiswa kwekhamera. Ithuluzi Elingeziwe Locingo lokuklama uthango nezigxobo ukuze uvikeleke. Ithuluzi le-Arch Site lengeze ukusekelwa kokubonisa ikhampasi futhi lasebenzisa ikhono lokulandelela ukunyakaza kwelanga kucatshangelwa i-latitude nobude ukuze kulinganiswe imingcele ye-insolation yamakamelo endlini nokubala ama-overhangs ophahleni.

  Kwengezwe ithuluzi elisha le-CutLine lokudala ukusikeka kwezinto eziqinile njengezindonga nezakhiwo zamabhulokhi. Isengezo sokubala ukuqinisa sithuthukisiwe, isixhumi esibonakalayo sengeziwe kumingcele ye-automate kanye nokubekwa kokuqinisa.

  

  Ukwesekwa okwengeziwe kokungenisa amafayela ngefomethi ye-Shapefile esetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ze-GIS. Kuphakanyiswe ithuluzi elisha le-Truss ukuze kwakhiwe izakhiwo zemishayo (ama-trusses), kanye nethuluzi le-CurtainWall lokudala izinhlobo ezahlukene zezindonga. Izindlela ezintsha zokunikezela (Idatha, Uhlamvu Lwemali kanye Nohlamvu Lwemali mono) kanye nekhono lokukhiqiza amafayela ngefomethi ye-SVG kwengezwe ku-SectionPlane.

  

• Endaweni yokudweba okunezinhlangothi ezimbili (Okusalungiswa), umhleli uthuthukiswe kakhulu, lapho manje sekungenzeka ukuhlela izinto ezimbalwa ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kwengezwe ithuluzi le-SubelementHighlight lokugqamisa amanodi namaphethelo ezinto ukuhlela izinto ezimbalwa ngesikhathi esisodwa nokusebenzisa izilungisi ezihlukene kuzo ngesikhathi esisodwa, isibonelo, ukunyakaza, ukukala nokuzungezisa. Isistimu yongqimba egcwele ngokugcwele yengeziwe, efana naleyo esetshenziswa kwezinye izinhlelo ze-CAD, futhi esekela izinto ezihambayo phakathi kwezendlalelo kumodi yokudonsa nokuwisa, elawula ukubonakala nokumaka umbala wamahange kuzendlalelo.

  Kwengezwe ithuluzi elisha, i-CubicBezCurve, lokudala amajika e-Bezier kusetshenziswa amasu asekelwe kwi-vector yesitayela se-Inkscape. Kwengezwe ithuluzi le-Arc 3Points lokudala ama-arcs ayindilinga kusetshenziswa amaphuzu amathathu. Ithuluzi le-Fillet elingeziwe lokudala amakhona ayindilinga nama-chamfers. Usekelo oluthuthukisiwe lwefomethi ye-SVG. Umhleli wesitayela ufakiwe okuvumela ukuthi uguqule isitayela sesichasiselo, esifana nombala nosayizi wefonti.

  

• Kuye kwenziwa ukuthuthukiswa okuningi endaweni ye-FEM (Finite Element Module), ehlinzeka ngamathuluzi okuhlaziya izinto ezinomkhawulo, ezingasetshenziswa, isibonelo, ukuhlola umthelela wamathonya ahlukahlukene wemishini (ukumelana nokudlidliza, ukushisa nokuguqulwa) into ethuthukisiwe.
• Emvelweni yokusebenza ngezinto ze-OpenCasCade (Ingxenye), manje sekungenzeka ukuthi udale into ngokusekelwe kumaphuzu asuka kuma-polygonal mesh (Mesh) angenisiwe. Amandla okubuka kuqala anwetshiwe lapho uhlela okwakudala.
• Izimo ezithuthukisiwe zokudala izikhala (i-PartDesign), ukudweba izibalo ze-2D (I-Sketcher) nokugcina amaspredishithi anamapharamitha angamamodeli (Isipredishithi).
• Indawo yoMgudu, ekuvumela ukuthi ukhiqize imiyalelo ye-G-Code esekelwe kumodeli ye-FreeCAD (ulimi lwe-G-Code lusetshenziswa emishinini ye-CNC nakwamanye amaphrinta e-3D), yengeze ukwesekwa kokulawula ukupholisa kwephrinta ye-3D. Imisebenzi emisha yengeziwe: Isikhala sokudala izikhala kusetshenziswa amaphuzu okubhekisela kanye ne-V-Carve yokuqopha kusetshenziswa umbhobho omise okuka-V.
• Indawo ye-Render yengeze usekelo lwenjini yokunikezela ethi “Cycles” esetshenziswa kuphakheji yokumodela ye-Blender 3D.
• Amathuluzi ku-TechDraw, indawo yokumodela ye-2D nokudala ukuqagela kwe-2D yamamodeli e-3D, anwetshiwe. Ukubekwa okuthuthukisiwe nokukalwa kwezithombe-skrini zewindi ukuze kubukwe nge-3D. Kwengezwe ithuluzi le-WeldSymbol, elihlinzeka ngezimpawu zokuhlonza amashisela, okuhlanganisa nezimpawu ezisetshenziswa kuma-GOST wesiRashiya. Kwengezwe amathuluzi e-LeaderLine nawe-RichTextAnnotation okudala izichasiselo. Ithuluzi Lebhaluni elingeziwe lokunamathisela amalebula anezinombolo, izinhlamvu nombhalo.

  Kwengezwe amathuluzi e-CosmeticVertex, ama-Midpoints kanye ne-Quadrant ukwengeza ama-vertices angelona iqiniso angasetshenziswa ukucacisa ubukhulu. Kwengezwe i-FaceCenterLine, i-2LineCenterLine kanye namathuluzi we-2PointCenterLine wokwengeza imigqa emaphakathi. Kwengezwe ithuluzi le-ActiveView ukuze udale isithombe esimile ekubukeni kwe-3D futhi usibeke ngendlela yokubuka okusha ku-TechDraw (njengesithombe esifinyeziwe sokunikezwa okusheshayo). Izifanekiso ezintsha zokuklama imidwebo yephepha ngamafomethi B, C, D no-E zengeziwe, kanye nezifanekiso ezihlangabezana nezidingo ze-GOST 2.104-2006 ne-GOST 21.1101-2013.

  

• Imakhro eyengeziwe yokuklama okuzenzakalelayo nokuqiniswa kwamafreyimu ensimbi alula.
• Imojula entsha ye-Assembly4 ihlongozwa ngokusetshenziswa kwendawo ethuthukisiwe yokuklama ukusebenza kwezakhiwo ezinezingxenye eziningi ezakhiwe ngaphambili.
• Amathuluzi Okuphrinta e-3D abuyekeziwe, amathuluzi okusebenza namamodeli e-STL angasetshenziselwa ukuphrinta kwe-3D.
• Kwengezwe imojula ye-ArchTextures, ehlinzeka ngendlela yokusebenzisa ukuthungwa endaweni ye-Arch engasetshenziswa ukunikeza izakhiwo ngendlela engokoqobo.
• I-Flamingo yathathelwa indawo imojula ye-Dodo ngesethi yamathuluzi nezinto zokusheshisa ukudweba kwamafreyimu namapayipi.

Source: opennet.ru