Ukukhishwa kolimi lohlelo lweRuby 2.7.0

Ngemva konyaka wentuthuko eshicilelwe ukukhululwa URuby 2.7.0, ulimi lokuhlela olugxile entweni oluguqukayo olusebenza kahle kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kohlelo futhi oluhlanganisa izici ezingcono kakhulu ze-Perl, Java, Python, Smalltalk, Eiffel, Ada kanye ne-Lisp. Ikhodi yephrojekthi isatshalaliswa ngaphansi kwe-BSD ("2-clause BSDL") kanye namalayisense "Ruby", okusho inguqulo yakamuva yelayisensi ye-GPL futhi ehambisana ngokugcwele ne-GPLv3. I-Ruby 2.7 ingukukhululwa okukhulu kwesikhombisa okuzokhiqizwa njengengxenye yenqubo yokuthuthukiswa ehleliwe ehlanganisa ukubekela eceleni unyaka wezithuthukisi zesici kanye nokukhululwa kwesiqephu sezinyanga ezingu-2-3.

main ukuthuthukiswa:

• okokuhlola ukwesekwa ukufanisa iphethini (Ukufanisa iphethini) ukuphindaphinda into enikeziwe futhi unikeze inani uma kukhona ukufana kwephethini.

  icala [0, [1, 2, 3]] ku- [a, [b, *c]] pa #=> 0
  pb #=> 1
  pc #=> [2, 3] isiphetho

  icala {a: 0, b: 1}
  ngo{a:0,x:1}
  :akutholakali
  kokuthi {a: 0, b: var}
  p var #=> 1
  ekupheleni

• Igobolondo lezibalo ezisebenzisanayo i-irb (REPL, Read-Eval-Print-Loop) manje selinethuba lokuhlela imigqa eminingi, esetshenziswa kusetshenziswa umtapo wolwazi ohambisana ne-readline. umugqaebhalwe ngoRuby. Ukusekelwa kwe-rdoc kuhlanganisiwe, okuvumela ukubuka ulwazi lwereferensi kumakilasi acacisiwe, amamojula nezindlela ku-irb. Ukugqanyiswa okunemibala kwemigqa enekhodi ekhonjiswa nge-Binding#irb futhi kunikezwa imiphumela yokuhlola izinto zekilasi eliyisisekelo.
  

• Kwengezwe umqoqi kadoti ohlangene (I-Compaction GC) engakwazi ukwenza ukuhlukaniswa kwesifunda senkumbulo, ixazulule izinkinga zokusebenza kancane kanye nokwanda kokusetshenziswa kwememori ngenxa yokuhlukana kwenkumbulo okwenzeka phakathi nokusebenza kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Ruby ezinezintambo eziningi. Ukupakisha izinto enqwabeni ehlongozwayo Indlela ye-GC.compact yokunciphisa inani lamakhasi ememori asetshenzisiwe futhi wandise inqwaba ukuze isebenze
  I-CoW (kopisha-ubhale).

• Kwenziwe ulungiselela ukuhlukanisa izimpikiswano ngokusekelwe endaweni ohlwini ("def foo(a,b,c)") namagama angukhiye ("def foo(key: val)"). Ukuguqulwa kokungqubuzana okuzenzakalelayo okusekelwe kumagama angukhiye nendawo kuhoxisiwe futhi ngeke kusekelwe egatsheni le-Ruby 3.0. Ikakhulukazi, kuhoxisiwe ukusebenzisa i-agumenti yokugcina njengamapharamitha wegama elingukhiye, ukudlulisa izimpikiswano ezisekelwe egameni elingukhiye njengepharamitha yokugcina ye-hashi, nokuhlukanisa impikiswano yokugcina ibe imingcele yesimo kanye negama elingukhiye.

  def foo(ukhiye: 42); ukuphela; foo({ukhiye: 42}) #warned
  def foo(**kw); ukuphela; foo({ukhiye: 42}) #warned
  def foo(ukhiye: 42); ukuphela; foo(**{key: 42}) # KULUNGILE
  def foo(**kw); ukuphela; foo(**{key: 42}) # KULUNGILE

  def foo(h, **kw); ukuphela; foo(ukhiye: 42) #warned
  def foo(h, ukhiye: 42); ukuphela; foo(ukhiye: 42) #warned
  def foo(h, **kw); ukuphela; foo({ukhiye: 42}) # KULUNGILE
  def foo(h, ukhiye: 42); ukuphela; foo({ukhiye: 42}) # KULUNGILE

  def foo(h={}, ukhiye: 42); ukuphela; foo("ukhiye" => 43, ukhiye: 42) #warned
  def foo(h={}, ukhiye: 42); ukuphela; foo({"ukhiye" => 43, ukhiye: 42}) # uxwayiswe
  def foo(h={}, ukhiye: 42); ukuphela; foo({"ukhiye" => 43}, ukhiye: 42) # Kulungile

  def foo(opt={}); ukuphela; foo( ukhiye: 42 ) # KULUNGILE

  def foo(h, **nil); ukuphela; foo(ukhiye: 1) # Iphutha Lempikiswano
  def foo(h, **nil); ukuphela; foo(**{key: 1}) # Iphutha Lempikiswano
  def foo(h, **nil); ukuphela; foo("str" ​​=> 1) # Iphutha Lempikiswano
  def foo(h, **nil); ukuphela; foo({ukhiye: 1}) # KULUNGILE
  def foo(h, **nil); ukuphela; foo({"str" ​​=> 1}) # KULUNGILE

  h = {}; def foo(*a) ukuphela; foo(**h) # [] h = {}; def foo(a) ukuphela; foo(**h) # {} nesixwayiso
  h = {}; def foo(*a) ukuphela; foo(h) # [{}] h = {}; def foo(a) ukuphela; foo(h) # {}

• Ithuba usebenzisa amagama aguquguqukayo anezinombolo amapharamitha webhulokhi.

  [1, 2, 3].ngayinye { ibeka @1 } # njengo-[1, 2, 3].ngakunye { |i| ibeka i}

• Usekelo lokuhlola lobubanzi obungenalo inani lokuqala.

  ary[..3] # efanayo ne-ary[0..3] rel.where(sales: ..100)

• Kwengezwe indlela yokubala #izibalo, ebala ukuthi i-elementi ngayinye yenzeka izikhathi ezingaki.

  ["a", "b", "c", "b"].izibalo
  #=> {"a"=>1, "b"=>2, "c"=>1}

• Ucingo lwendlela eyimfihlo luvunyelwe ngokuthi "uqobo lwakho" lwangempela

  deffoo
  ekupheleni
  imfihlo :foo
  self.foo

• Kwengezwe Umbhali ::Indlela Evilaphayo#emagange ukwenza ukubala okujwayelekile kusuka ekubaleni okuvilaphayo (Okubala::Ivila).

  a = %w(foo bar baz)
  e = a.lazy.map {|x| x.upcase }.imephu {|x| x + "!" }.ngokulangazela
  p e.class #=> Umbhali
  e.map {|x| x + "?" } #=> [“FOO!?”, “BAR!?”, “BAZ!?”]

• Ukuthuthukiswa komhlanganisi we-JIT wokuhlola kuqhubekile, okungathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ngolimi lwesiRuby. I-JIT compiler ehlongozwayo ku-Ruby ibhala kuqala ikhodi ye-C kudiski, ngemva kwalokho ibiza umhlanganisi wangaphandle we-C ukuze akhiqize imiyalelo yomshini (i-GCC, i-Clang ne-Microsoft VC ++ iyasekelwa). Inguqulo entsha isebenzisa indlela yokuthunyelwa okusemgqeni uma kunesidingo, ukusetshenziswa okukhethiwe kwamamodi okuthuthukisa ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa, inani elizenzakalelayo le-"-jit-min-calls" liyakhuphuka lisuka ku-5 liye ku-10000, kanye "--jit-max-cache" kusuka ku-1000 kuya ku-100.
• Ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kwe-CGI.escapeHTML, Monitor and MonitorMixin.
• I-module#name, true.to_s, false.to_s, kanye ne-nil.to_s iqinisekisa ukuthi uchungechunge luyabuyiselwa olungashintshiwe entweni eshiwo.
• Usayizi wamafayela kanambambili akhiqizwe indlela ye-RubyVM::InstructionSequence#kuya_kanambambili yehlisiwe;
• Izinguqulo ezibuyekeziwe zezingxenye ezakhelwe ngaphakathi, okuhlanganisa
  I-Bundler 2.1.2, RubyGems 3.1.2,
  Umjaho 1.4.15,
  I-CSV 3.1.2, REXML 3.2.3,
  I-RSS 0.2.8,
  Iskena sezintambo 1.0.3;

• Amalabhulali asuke ekusabalaliseni okuyisisekelo aya kumaphakheji ayigugu angaphandle
  I-CMath (cmth gem),
  I-Scanf (scanf gem),
  Igobolondo (igobolondo eliyigugu),
  I-synchronizer (igugu lokuvumelanisa),
  I-ThreadsWait (igugu le-thwait),
  I-E2MM (igugu le-e2mmap).

• Amamojula we-stdlib azenzakalelayo ashicilelwa ku-rubygems.org:
  uphawu lokulinganisa,
  cgi,
  isithunywa,
  getoptlong,
  i-net pop,
  net smtp,
  vula3,
  isitolo,
  i-singleton. Amamojula okuqapha awahanjiswanga ku-rubygems.org
  isibukeli,
  isikhathi siphelile,
  umkhondo,
  u-uri,
  yaml, ezithunyelwa kuphela nge-ruby-core.

• Ukwakha iRuby manje kudinga i-C compiler esekela izinga le-C99.

Source: opennet.ru