Inikezelwe ekugubheni iminyaka engama-50 ye-EPFL
Ngomhla zingama-30 kuMfumfu wezi-2012, ngaba nethikithi lokuya e-Geneva kanye nesifiso esikhulu sokuthola iziqu ze-Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) kwenye yamanyuvesi ahlonishwayo eYurophu, futhi mhlawumbe nomhlaba. Futhi ngoDisemba 31, 2018, ngachitha usuku lwami lokugcina elabhorethri, engangivele nginamathele kuyo. Sekuyisikhathi sokubheka ukuthi amaphupho ami angiholele kuphi kule minyaka engu-6 edlule, ngikhulume ngezici zokuphila ezweni likashizi, ushokoledi, amawashi nemimese yamasosha, futhi ngiphinde ngifunde ngefilosofi ngesihloko sokuthi kumnandi kuphi ukuhlala.
Ungabhalisa kanjani esikoleni esiphakeme nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngokushesha lapho ufika kuchazwe ezihlokweni ezimbili ( и ). Esikoleni sesayensi yekhompyutha, ngathola imanyuwali yami enemininingwane eminingi . Kule ngxenye, sekuyisikhathi sokuqeda indaba ende mayelana nesikole esineziqu eyunivesithi emangalisayo, kwelinye lamazwe acebe kakhulu futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ampofu - Switzerland.
Disclaimer: Inhloso yalesi sihloko ukwethula ngendlela efinyelelekayo amaphuzu abalulekile empilo yesayensi yomfundi oneziqu e-EPFL; mhlawumbe ngolunye usuku eminye yemicabango engezansi izofakwa ku-Russian Federation lapho kulungiswa amanyuvesi noma ohlelweni lwe-5-100. . Ulwazi olwengeziwe olwembulayo nezibonelo kususiwe kubaphangi; amanye amaphuzu kungenzeka enziwe ngokwedlulele, kodwa ngithemba ukuthi lokhu ngeke konakalise isithombe sonke sendaba.
Hhayi-ke, ngiyakuhalalisela, mngane wami othandekayo, ungene esikoleni esiphakeme kwelinye lamanyuvesi aphambili eYurophu nasemhlabeni, wasungula impilo yakho yansuku zonke, esizokhuluma ngayo ngokuningiliziwe ezingxenyeni ezilandelayo, futhi uqedele ukuqeqeshwa okudingekayo izinyathelo zokuphepha nokusebenza elabhorethri. Futhi manje sekudlule izinyanga eziyisithupha, umphathi, uprofesa ujabule kakhulu (noma cha - kodwa lokhu akuqinisekile) ngemiphumela, futhi ukuhlolwa kwamakhandidethi bekuseza - uvivinyo lokuqala olunzima lwendlela yokuthola iziqu zobuDokotela. Philosophy aka PhD.
Hamba! Ukusuka e-Lausanne kuya ekhempasini entsha e-Sion ngo-Ephreli 2015
"Ubuncane bekhandidethi" ngesi-Swiss
Ekupheleni konyaka wokuqala wokufunda, wonke umfundi oneziqu, noma kunalokho ozongenela izifundo ze-postgraduate, ubhekana nokuhlolwa kokufaneleka kochwepheshe. Ngaphambi kwalesi sikhathi esimangalisayo, abafundi abaneziqu bavame ukuba ne-jittery, nakuba izimo lapho othile exoshiwe zingabalwa ngakolunye uhlangothi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amakhandidethi adlula ezigabeni ezimbalwa zokuhlunga:
- okusemthethweni lapho ufaka isicelo esikoleni,
- siqu ngezingxoxo nezethulo,
- kwezenhlalo, lapho ngaphambi kwesinqumo sokugcina sokwamukelwa, uprofesa noma umholi weqembu ubuza abasebenzi bakhe ukuthi bayamthanda yini umuntu nokuthi uzojoyina iqembu.
Uma othile exoshwa, kwenziwa ngenxa yezizathu ezisemthethweni nezinjongo, isibonelo, ukwephulwa okuvamile nokubi kwemithetho yokuphepha noma imiphumela yesayensi emibi ngokuphelele.
Ngakho-ke akufanele wesabe ukuhlolwa konyaka wokuqala, ngoba ngokuvamile ukuhlolwa kulula kakhulu kunaseRussian Federation, lapho kufanele uphumelele ifilosofi, isiNgisi, okukhethekile futhi ubhale inqwaba yemibiko ngomsebenzi. kwenziwe.
Kunemibandela embalwa esemthethweni yokufinyelela ukuhlolwa (ingahluka esikoleni nesikole):
- Amakhredithi angu-3-4 e-ECTS aqedwa kwangu-12 noma angu-16 (okuningi kulokhu ngezansi), kuye ngohlelo/isikole. Endabeni yami kwaba - Isikole sobudokotela ku-chemistry kanye nobuchwepheshe bamakhemikhali.
- Umbiko obhaliwe ngomsebenzi owenziwe kanye nezinhlelo zekusasa usulungisiwe. Abanye abantu badinga isifinyezo samakhasi angu-5, abanye bacabanga ukuthi kuyadingeka ukubhala ukubuyekezwa okuncane kwezincwadi.
- Ikhomishini yoprofesa abangu-2-3 (imvamisa ingaphakathi) ikhethiwe.
Konke ukunyakaza kufakwa ohlelweni lwe-electronic accounting (okuningi mayelana nalo ngezansi), umbiko ulayishwa lapho ngendlela efanayo namagama nezibongo zoprofesa. Ubuncane be-bureaucracy kanye nokungabikho ngokuphelele kokusetshenziswa kwephepha (ngokoqobo amafomu ambalwa adinga ukugcwaliswa futhi asayinwe). Nakuba, inhlolovo esheshayo ibonise ukuthi i-EPFL ihluke kakhulu ngaphakathi futhi, isibonelo, ngaphakathi (isikole sebhayoloji kanye ne-biotechnology), uhlelo lwe-elekthronikhi lusetshenziswa ngendlela ehlukile.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, kufanele unikeze isethulo futhi uphendule imibuzo phambi kwekomidi elihlanganisa nomphathi. Ngezinye izikhathi ziyifilosofi ngempela, nokho, akekho ozokuhlukumeza "ngemibuzo yencwadi," njengokuthi, isibonelo, ubhale ifomula enjalo noma enjalo noma akuphoqe ukuthi udwebe umdwebo wesigaba se-iron-carbon nazo zonke izinguquko ze-austenitic ne-martensitic.
Umdwebo we-iron-carbon ophelelwe yisikhathi
Ngendlela, umdwebo akulula ukuwukhumbula.
Kukholakala ukuthi lowo ozobhapathizwa uzothola lolu lwazi ndawana thize encwadini yokufunda noma encwadini yereferensi, kodwa ikhono lokucabanga, ukuhlola amaqiniso nokwenza iziphetho ezifanele, ngeshwa, alitholakali ezincwadini.
Imalimboleko yaseYurophu (ECTS): iyini futhi isetshenziselwa ini?
Uma ubucabanga ukuthi ngizobhala mayelana nokubolekwa kwezimali, ngizokudumaza. - uhlelo lwe-pan-European lokurekhoda nokubala kabusha isikhathi esichithwe ekufundiseni isifundo esithile. Inani lamahora adingekayo kukhredithi eyodwa liyahluka kancane, kodwa ngokuvamile lilinganiswa cishe amahora angu-15 nge-ECTS ngayinye. Kwa-EPFL, inkambiso amahora ayi-14-16 nge-ECTS ngayinye, ecishe ifane nesifundo sesigamu sesemester samahora amabili ezifundo ngeviki.
I-E-ncwadi yezifundoKu-e-book yezifundo (), okwehlukile esikoleni ngasinye, kubukeka kanje: kwesokudla yinani lesifundo kumakhredithi, inani eliphelele lamahora kanye neshejuli:
Kodwa-ke, kukhona nezifundo lapho kuzonikezwa ikhredithi eyodwa kuphela emahoreni angama-30.
Kusukela ngo-2013, lo mthetho olandelayo wawusebenza: kumakhosi kwakudingeka ukuthola amakhredithi angu-12 phakathi naso sonke isikhathi sokufunda esikoleni esiphakeme, kuyilapho ochwepheshe - 16. Lokhu kwafakazelwa ukuthi uhlelo lochwepheshe lufushane, futhi , ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthola lona ofanayo ngezifundo ezihlukahlukene umehluko wezinyanga eziyisithupha.
Ama-Lifehacks kanye nezinto ezinhleUhlelo luhlinzeka ngama-hacks amaningi wempilo kanye nezinto ezinhle:
- Njalo ngonyaka ungathola i-ECTS engu-1 yokuhambela ingqungquthela, inqobo nje uma unombiko (iphosta noma isethulo - akunandaba). Lokhu kungenziwa izikhathi ezingu-2-3 kuzo zonke iziqu zesikole, ngokufanayo -20-25% yomthwalo.
- Ungathatha izifundo kwenye inyuvesi ngaphandle kwe-EPFL noma uye esikoleni sasebusika/sehlobo. Nikeza eyodwa (!) okuwukuphela kwephepha elizobonisa okulingana nesikhathi esichithwa kumakhredithi, bese ugcwalisa ifomu elikhethekile. Yilokho, akukho okunye okudingekayo kumfundi, ezinye izinkinga zixazululwa phakathi kwabantu abanomthwalo wemfanelo.
I-NB: Ngokuvamile, ukubamba iqhaza ezinkomfeni nasezikoleni zasehlobo/ebusika kungaxhaswa yisikole se-EPFL ngokwaso. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukugcwalisa ifomu bese ubhala incwadi ekhuthazayo evela kumphathi wakho. Imali etholiwe izokwanela, isibonelo, ukukhokhela ukuhamba, okungekubi.
Ekugcineni, lapho kuphothula isikole, zonke izifundo nezingqungquthela zizofakwa ohlwini ngokwehlukana esijobelelweni sediploma:
I-Bureaucracy
Ngenhlanhla, wonke ama-bureaucracy afihliwe ngaphakathi kohlelo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezindabeni ezijwayelekile nezinqubo ezinjengokugcwalisa imibiko yohambo lwebhizinisi nokunye. Ngakho-ke, ku-~ 95% yamacala, isisebenzi akudingeki sigcwalise amaphepha namafomu, kodwa sifaka idatha yakhe kuphela ohlelweni, sithola ifayela le-pdf ukuze liphrinte, alisayine futhi alithumele ngokuqhubekayo uchungechunge lomyalo - eSwitzerland. ukunemba. Yiqiniso, lokhu akusebenzi ezimweni "ezikhethekile" lapho kungekho myalelo ojwayelekile - lapha konke kungadonsa isikhathi eside kakhulu, njengakwezinye izindawo, eqinisweni.
Uhambo lwebhizinisi: Switzerland vs RussiaKu-EPFL lapho ubuya ohambweni lwebhizinisi, wonke amasheke, amakhadi okuhamba, njll. wafaka futhi wanikela. Ngokwemvelo, umbiko uthunyelwa njengephepha, kodwa usaphindwa futhi ugcinwe ohlelweni electronic. Ngokuvamile, unobhala ngokwakhe ufaka zonke izindleko ohlelweni ngokusho kombiko onikeziwe, ngesikhathi esifanayo ehlola zonke izindleko, bese ekucela ukuthi usayine iphepha elilodwa lokubuyisela izindleko, ezizokhiqizwa ngaphakathi kohlelo. Ngicabanga ukuthi eminyakeni embalwa wonke umuntu uzoba nesiginesha kagesi futhi yonke inqubo izoba nge-elekthronikhi ngokuphelele.
Ezinye izindleko ezincane ze-2-5-10 francs zingafakwa embikweni ngaphandle kwamarisidi (ngokweqiniso, yebo). Ngaphezu kwalokho, umqondo ovamile usebenza njalo: uma umuntu ehamba esuka ku-A ukuya ku-B, kodwa elahlekelwa ithikithi lakhe, isibonelo, uzobe esabuyiselwa. Noma, ngokwesibonelo, ezikhumulweni zezindiza zaseLondon umshini “udla” ithikithi lapho uphuma, bese kuba nesithombe esivamile sethikithi. Okokugcina, uma amathikithi nehhotela bekubhukhwe ngekhadi lesikweletu laselabhorethri (futhi ikhona into enjalo!) noma ngehhovisi elikhethekile, awudingi ukunikeza noma yimaphi amaphepha ombiko; asevele axhunywe nekhodi yohambo. ngaphakathi kwe-SESAME.
Manje, zinjani izinto eRussia? Ngolunye usuku ngamenywa edolobheni elihle elingaphandle kwe-Urals (ngeke sidalule yonke imininingwane) ukuze nginikeze inkulumo ngesihloko sami sesayensi. Ngokuqondana okujabulisayo, ngangiseMoscow ngaleso sikhathi, ngangikwazi ukugxumela endizeni ngiphethe ipotimende elincane futhi ngindize ngiye lapho ngiya khona ngemva kwamahora ambalwa. Ngemva kwesemina yesayensi, ngacelwa ukuba ngisayine “inkontileka yokuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo zamahhala”, izitatimende ezimbalwa, futhi kwadingeka ngithumele isiqephu sepasi lami lokugibela lendiza ebuyayo emvilophini.
Ukuqhathaniswa okubonakalayo kwezinhlelo zaseRussia neSwitzerlandNgesinye isikhathi ngathola uxhaso oluvela ku-Russian Foundation for Basic Research ngohambo lokuya engqungqutheleni e-Rhodes (ngabhala ngalokhu ), okwathi ngemva kwalokho ngaphoqeleka ukuba ngihumushele wonke amasheke olimini lwesiRashiya.
Omunye wozakwethu ebhizinisini eliyingozi waletha amasheke ohambweni oluya kwa-Israel, lapho ingxenye yamanani yayiboniswe ngama-euro kanti enye ngamashekeli. Wonke amarisidi akhona ngesiHebheru. Kodwa-ke, ngesizathu esithile akuzange kwenzeke kunoma ubani ukubaphoqa ukuba bahumushe besuka esiHeberu, bavele bathatha izwi lami ukuthi iyiphi imali. Kungani uzintshontshela, emalini eyisibonelelo sikahulumeni, akunjalo?!
Yebo, sikhona isikhala sokuhlukumeza, kodwa ngokuvamile lokhu konke kufihlwa uma kukhulunywa ngesamba esikhulu, futhi singachithi ama-euro angama-200-300 ezingqungqutheleni.
Ukushicilela izindatshana kanye nezibonelelo zokubhala
Inkomba ebalulekile yokusebenza kanye "nokuphola" kososayensi kungokwakhe . Ibonisa ukuthi umsebenzi wombhali othile ucashunwe kahle kangakanani ngokuhlobanisa inani lezindatshana kanye “nekhwalithi” yazo (inombolo yezingcaphuno).
E-Russia, okwamanje balwela ukukhulisa inkomba ye-H yabacwaningi futhi bathuthukise ikhwalithi yamajenali (ngamanye amazwi, noma IF, isici somthelela), lapho le misebenzi ishicilelwa khona. Indlela ilula: ake sikhokhe i-premium ye-athikili enhle. Umuntu angaphikisana kakhulu ngalesi sinqumo sokuphatha, noma kunjalo, ngeshwa, asixazululi izinkinga ezimbili eziyinhloko: ukuxhaswa ngezimali kwesayensi yaseRussia ngokujwayelekile, kanye "nepulazi elihlangene" lababhali, lapho behlanganisa bobabili labo ababehlobene ngokuqondile ne emsebenzini kanye nalabo "engangihlezi eduze kwakhe."
Okuxakayo ukuthi, kwa-EPFL azikho izinkokhelo ezengeziwe zama-athikili; kunenkolelo yokuthi usosayensi ngokwakhe uzoshicilela uma efuna ukuzuza okuthile, futhi uma engafuni, sicela ushiye. Yiqiniso, uma inkontileka inomphela, kuyoba nzima ukuyiqeda ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezincwadi, kodwa ngokuvamile ngalesi sikhathi uprofesa usethole imisebenzi yokufundisa, amakomiti ahlukahlukene kanye nomsebenzi wokuphatha. Isibonelo, isikhundla sikadean siyakhethwa; isikhathi salesi sikhundla iminyaka eminingana.
Umbono wami wokuxazulula le nkingaZonke izici ezithinta ijenali ziyaziwa futhi zitholakala esidlangalaleni. Kuyadingeka ukusungula isici sokuguqulwa esicacile sisuka ku-IF siye kuma-ruble, sithi 10k ngeyunithi engu-1 ye-IF. Khona-ke ukushicilelwa kujenali enhle ngokuqhathaniswa i-Nanoscale (IF=7.233) kuzobiza ama-ruble angu-72.33k ithimba ngalinye lababhali. Futhi Imvelo/Isayensi kuze kufike kuma-ruble angama-500k. Kungcono ukuhlukanisa u-5k kuyunithi ye-IF engu-1 emadolobheni amakhulu nasezikhungweni zocwaningo zikahulumeni kanye no-10k kokusha (kuze kufike eminyakeni engu-5-7) nasezikhungweni zesifunda.
Khona-ke i-premium enjalo yokushicilelwa akufanele ikhokhwe kumbhali ngamunye, kodwa ithimba lonke lababhali, ukuze kungabikho isifiso sokufaka abantu abangakwesokunxele ekushicilelweni. Okungukuthi, uma lokhu "ipulazi elihlangene" labantu abangu-10, khona-ke wonke umuntu uzothola i-7k, futhi uma kukhona abantu abangu-3-4 abahilelekile ngempela kuphrojekthi, ke ~ 20-25k. Ososayensi bayoba nesisusa sezomnotho esisobala sokubhalela omagazini abahle, bathuthukise isiNgisi sabo (ngokwesibonelo, ngoku-oda ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwezihloko) futhi bangasebenzisi “abaxhumanisi.”
Inani: Umcwaningi uzokwazi ukuzuza ezingeni likaprofesa noma umqondisi wesikhungo, enza akuthandayo. Kuzovela imfoloko yamathuba: mpo (isitebhisi somsebenzi) noma evundlile (amaphrojekthi ahlukene kakhulu nezihloko, abafundi abaningi abaneziqu nabafundi abathole iziqu, imali eyengeziwe ezuzwe) ukuthuthukiswa.
Ngokuvamile, akukho lutho olunzima ekushicileleni isihloko uma senziwe kahle futhi kulindeleke ukuthi sibe nesithakazelo emphakathini. Ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwami kwamakhemikhali, ngizosho ukuthi izihloko zokuqala ezingu-3-4 kumajenali abalulekile kunzima ukudlula, ngoba ezinye izici azinakwa ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kwayo (isitayela esivamile, ukwethulwa kwemiphumela ebalulekile futhi engabalulekile, uhlu olulungile lwe ababuyekezi, okuhlanganisa nobani izici zomsebenzi okuxoxwe ngazo ezingqungqutheleni nasemihlanganweni, njll.). Kodwa abe eseqala ukundiza aphume njengamaqebelengwane ashisayo avela kuhhavini. Ikakhulukazi uma isihloko siphezulu emhlabeni, futhi owokugcina ohlwini lwababhali nguprofesa owaziwayo nonegunya.
Le nkinga elandelayo iphakama ngokushesha: uprofesa ophambili, odume umhlaba wonke (owaziwa ngezinkampani ezinkulu), lapho udinga ngempela ukunaka umsebenzi wakho kancane kancane, noma umholi weqembu elinephrojekthi enkulu neyokuvelela (eyaziwa nangokuthi isiqalo- up), lapho ungathola khona inkuthazo enkulu yokuthuthukiswa nolwazi lwemisebenzi eminingi.
Nakuba osolwazi befiziksi nezazi zebhayoloji, ngokwesibonelo, ukuthola imiphumela efanele i-athikili kungathatha iminyaka eminingana, ngakho-ke ukushicilelwa okungu-1-2 phakathi nezifundo zobudokotela kuthathwa njengokujwayelekile.
Kodwa-ke, kufanele ngidumaze ama-romantics esayensi: njengakwezinye izindawo, ngokuvamile akuyona ikhwalithi yomsebenzi ngokwawo obhekene nokushicilelwa kumagazini wezinga eliphezulu, kodwa ukuhlangana nabantu abalungile. Yebo, lona lobandlululo abazama ukulwa nalo, kodwa imvelo yomuntu kunzima ukuyilungisa. Ngisho nase-EPFL ngokwayo kukhona uprofesa oyedwa osekhulile, ogama lakhe elicashile ngezinye izikhathi lishicilelwa kumajenali amahle. Kodwa lokhu kuyisihloko esikhulu sesihloko esihlukile, lapho konke kuhlangene khona: I-PR, isifiso somagazini ukwenza imali kanye nesifiso sabalobi.
Futhi-ke, isimo siyafana nangezibonelelo. Izicelo ezimbalwa zokuqala zingase zibe ukwehluleka, kodwa bese unikeza imisebenzi yokubhala ithola umusi. Nakuba abafundi abaneziqu bengadingeki ngokusemthethweni ukuthi basebenze ngezibonelelo, nokho bangakwazi ukubamba iqhaza kule nqubo.
Angazi ukuthi kunjani manje ngezicelo zeRussian Science Foundation (), kodwa eminyakeni engu-7 edlule, isicelo sesibonelelo e-Russian Federation empeleni sasidinga isitaki sephepha, kanye nombiko. Izicelo nemibiko yeSwiss National Science Foundation () akuvamile ukuba eqe amakhasi angama-30-40. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ubhale kafushane futhi kafushane ukuze ulondoloze izinsiza kanye nesikhathi sabanye abahlanganyeli kule nqubo, ababuyekezi.
Azikho izinhlelo eziqondile zalezi zihloko, kodwa ngokuvamile, uprofesa wami washo lokhu: “Uma ushicilela i-athikili engu-1 ngonyaka, anginayo imibuzo kuwe. Uma kubili, kuhle kakhulu!“Kodwa lokhu kuyikhemistri, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla mayelana nezazi zefiziksi nababhali bezingoma.
Futhi okokugcina, ukushicilelwa kwama-athikili kuhamba kancane kancane ekufinyeleleni okuvulekile (okubizwa nangokuthi ukufinyelela okuvulekile), lapho umbhali ngokwakhe noma isisekelo sesayensi sikhokhela umbhali, esikhundleni semodeli evamile lapho umfundi ekhokha. I-EU yamukele umyalelo othi maduze lonke ucwaningo oluxhaswe yi-ERC lushicilelwe esizindeni somphakathi kuphela. Lona umkhuba wokuqala, futhi enye inkambiso yizihloko zevidiyo, isibonelo, ikhona iminyaka engu-3-4 - Ijenali Yezilingo Ezibonwayo, hhayi i-blogger ephumelelayo. Lo magazini futhi ukhuthaza ukusakazwa kolwazi ngezinto ezitholwe ngokwesayensi ngendlela elula neqondakalayo.
I-SciComm ne-PR
Futhi njengoba igama elithi PR lishiwo ngenhla, kunomthetho olula kusayensi yesimanje: ucwaningo lwakho kanye nezimpumelelo zakho kufanele kukhangiswe ngangokunokwenzeka - PR. Bhala izindatshana zezingosi zesayensi ezidumile, bhala izindatshana zokubukeza zamajenali esayensi, lungiselela i-YouTube, i-LinkedIn, i-Twitter, i-Facebook ne-VK. Sebenzisa ngokugcwele izinkundla zokuxhumana. Kungani lokhu kudingekile? Impendulo ilula: okokuqala, akekho ngaphandle kombhali wocwaningo lwangempela ongachaza kangcono imibono yakhe kanye nemiphumela ezuziwe, futhi okwesibili, lokhu kungukungafihli kwesayensi kubakhokhi bentela. INtshonalanga ikuthanda kakhulu lokhu!
Ungafunda isihloko ngokuningiliziwe *
*I-LinkedIn yinhlangano evinjelwe endaweni ye-Russian Federation
I-Scientific PR njengoba injaloIvidiyo eyodwa epholile evela :
Ividiyo yokuvikela umphakathi kakhulu kwa-EPFL:
Omunye umngane wami wase-Ireland ucishe wawina i-ERC kanye nezibonelelo zikazwelonke nge-Twitter, ngoba kukhona i-akhawunti yomkhandlu we-S&T ku-Twitter, eqapha ukuthi kwenzekani nokuthi kwenzekani, lapho kukhona "amaphuzu okukhula" adume kabi.
obhemayo, usosayensi ofanele, obhekene nomphakathi
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imiqhudelwano ehlukahlukene okuhloswe ngayo ukunikeza ukulandisa okufushane nokufushane ngesayensi manje kuyadlondlobala. Ngokwesibonelo, , ihlelwe yi-Consul yaseBrithani, , eRussia, , ebanjwe okweshumi nanye ngaphansi kwephephabhuku iSayensi (, isibonelo), nabanye abaningi, abaningi. Isibonelo, omunye wemicimbi ezayo uzobanjwa njengengxenye , lapho abafundi bengabamba iqhaza mahhala!
Ku-FameLab efanayo, isikole esincane sihlelelwe labo abaphumelele ukhetho lokuqala ngempelasonto, lapho betshelwa khona ukuthi baludlulisele kanjani ulwazi, ukuthi indaba iqalwa kanjani futhi iyiphethe kanjani, futhi ngokuvamile iphimbo elifanayo. Ngesinye isikhathi, ngahlanganyela esikoleni esasihlelwe futhi senziwa e-CERN ngokwayo. Akujwayelekile ukuthi uzizwe sengathi ungaphezulu kwesakhiwo sesayensi esihle kakhulu futhi uqaphele ukuthi endaweni ethile ngezansi, izinhlayiya zeproton zindiza cishe ngesivinini sokukhanya ngeshubhu elingamakhilomitha angama-27. Okuhlaba umxhwele!
Kubantu abaningi besayensi, lona umnyango wezwe elisha! Ngokuvamile, ososayensi abahlakaniphile abazi ukuthi kanjani, banamahloni noma besaba ukukhuluma phambi komphakathi, kodwa imincintiswano efana nalena ebavumela ukuba baphule imigoqo futhi bazinqobe. Ngakho-ke, esinye isazi sebhayoloji engisaziyo, sesifinyelele esigabeni sokugcina se-FameLab, saba umvangeli we-scicomm. Ngicabanga ukuthi leli kwakuyithuba elihle lomsebenzi wakhe. Zibonele wena:
Noma nansi inkulumo ka-Radmila mayelana nezakhiwo ze-uranium emqhudelwaneni othi “Ma these a 180 seconds” ngesonto eledlule:
Mayelana nokuqeqeshwa
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi wonke umuntu unesizotha kangakanani futhi ebonisa inhlonipho ngomunye nomunye, izingxabano zivame ukwenzeka, futhi izithakazelo zomphathi (uprofesa noma umholi weqembu) ziyahluka ezifisweni nasezifisweni zesisebenzi (umfundi oneziqu noma i-postdoc). I-EPFL, njengenhlanganisela yamashumi ezinkulungwane zabantu, nayo ingaphansi kwalezi zinqubo. Ukusiza abafundi abaneziqu eminyakeni embalwa yokuqala yokuhlala kwabo enyuvesi, isikhungo sokuqeqesha esiyisibopho sethulwa ngo-2013.
Kusho ukuthini ukweluleka aka mentoring kumfundi oneziqu?
Okokuqala, ukuhlolwa kwesayensi nezobuchwepheshe kwemibono yabafundi abaneziqu. Empeleni, umeluleki kufanele athole imibiko efanayo nezinhlelo zocwaningo izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngonyaka njengosolwazi kanye nomphathi womfundi oneziqu.
Okwesibili, umeluleki ungumxazululi ezingxabanweni phakathi komfundi oneziqu kanye noprofesa. Uma uprofesa, ngenxa yesizathu esisodwa noma esinye, enqaba iziphakamiso nemibono yomfundi oneziqu, khona-ke umeluleki ulinganisa zonke izingxabano zezinhlangothi ezimbili futhi uzama ukuxazulula ukungqubuzana.
Kuhle ukubalula lapha ukuthi kwa-EPFL, naphezu kwayo yonke imizamo yabaphathi, kukhona oprofesa abahlukumezayo abakhama ijusi lokugcina kubafundi kanye nabafundi abaneziqu - ngezinye izikhathi ngisho namahlazo ayenzeka. Kulokhu, umeluleki angasekela umfundi futhi asize ukuthintana nabaphathi besikole esithile. Lesi isici esibalulekile sokuqeqeshwa, njengoba kubafundi abaningi abaphothule, ukuthuthela kwenye indawo yokucwaninga noma ukunquma ukuyeka ukufunda esikoleni esiphakeme cishe ukwehluleka komuntu siqu esikalini seplanethi, ngakho bazimisele ukubekezelela cishe noma yini ukuvimbela lokhu kungenzeki. Kodwa-ke, ku-EPFL akufanele wesabe lokhu, ngoba kunezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuxazulula izinkinga nabasebenzi, ikakhulukazi abasebenzi bokuphatha, bahlale bekulungele ukusiza, ngoba lokhu kuthinta ngokuqondile isithombe senyuvesi.
Okwesithathu, umeluleki angasiza ngeseluleko somsebenzi kanye nokuxhumana nabantu. Umeluleki futhi uzosiza ngezeluleko kanye nokuxhumana nabo emsebenzini wesikhathi esizayo njengodokotela.
Ngendlela, ngenkathi lesi sihloko sisalungiswa, ngasithwebula ividiyo mayelana nokuthi kuyini ukwelulekwa kwa-EPFL. Noma ubani angangithinta ngale kilabhu .
Umkhuba wokufundisa: isihogo noma izulu?
Umfundi ngamunye oneziqu, lapho esayina inkontileka, uzibophezela ukusebenzisa u-20% wesikhathi sakhe sokusebenza osizweni lokufundisa. Lokhu kungaba ukwenza amasemina ngokuhlaziywa komsebenzi noma ukusebenza elabhorethri nabafundi (iworkshop).
Lapha angikwazi ukubhalela wonke umuntu; mhlawumbe abanye abantu bayawujabulela umkhuba, kodwa ulwazi lwami lwalungelula neze. Yiqiniso, kuya ngokuthi ubhekana kanjani nakho: ungakwenza "kusuka ku-#$@&s", noma ungazama ukutshela futhi ubonise okuthile kubafundi, zama ukuxhuma izigaba ezahlukene zekhemistri kanye nemibuzo eholayo.
Ibukeka kanjani indlela yokufundisa ohlelweni lwe-ISA
Iminyaka emibili ngenza i-internship ku-IR spectroscopy kanye ne-fluorescence spectroscopy (amasemesta amabili lilinye). Ngemva kwabafundi abangu-200, ngingasho ukuthi amaphesenti ayishumi kuphela aye aphatha lezi zingxoxo ngenhlonipho efanele. nesithakazelo futhi wenza konke ngokucophelela nangesikhathi. Ngeshwa, isabelo sabantu bomdabu baseSwitzerland phakathi “kwezinto ezinhle” ezinjalo sincane ngokushabalala.
Isidingo se-workshopIshabhu yokuqala ye-IR yayiyingane impela. Ngokuvamile iqembu lihamba ngehora, ngezinye izikhathi i-1.5, esikhundleni se-3 edingekayo. Kulula: watshela inkolelo, wabonisa indlela yokusebenza ngedivayisi kanye ne-voila, "izingane" zazama amasampula angu-5 (umzuzu owodwa noma emibili ngayinye ) ahambe aye ekhaya eyobala, afune ulwazi apheke abike. Ngemva kwesonto baletha umbiko, ngiyawuhlola futhi nginikeze amamaki. Nokho, kwakukhona abantu abakhaliphile ababevilapha ukubhala nokulungisa umbiko. Kwakukhona nalabo ababevilapha kakhulu ukumane babheke i-spectra ye-IR yama-polymers avame kakhulu. Babona futhi babathinta ngezandla zabo (!), okungukuthi, akunakwenzeka ukuqagela, njengoba 4 ku-5 kukhona i-PET, i-PVC, i-Teflon ne-PE, isampula eyodwa i-aspirin powder (yebo, kufanele ucabange lapha). Kwakukhona nalabo abangakwazi ukuphendula imibuzo elula evela ochungechungeni: "indlela yokwenza i-polymerize i-monomer?" Ngesinye isikhathi abantu abangaba ngu-5 bema ebhodini bezama ukukhumbula isiteji abayithatha ngokoqobo isemester yokugcina, nokuthi kungani i-chlorine ivame ukusetshenziswa lapho, abazange bayikhumbule...
Omunye umhlangano wokucobelelana ngolwazi wawumayelana ne-fluorescence spectroscopy: malini eSchweppes. Inkinga yekhemistri yokuhlaziya ekwakheni ijika lokulinganiswa nokunquma ukugxilisa ingqondo okungaziwa. Lokhu sikwenze kwa-SUNTs ebangeni le-11. Ngakho-ke, abafundi be-bachelor benza lo msebenzi kabi, abazilandeli izinombolo, abazazi izibalo, nakuba bebezijwayeza ngezindlela zokuhlaziya kanye nezibalo ngokucubungula imiphumela - ngitholile. Abanye abantu abakwazi ngisho nokulungiselela amasampula kanye nezixazululo ezijwayelekile ... ngonyaka wesi-3 we-bachelor's degree, yebo. Kuyamangaza-ke ukuthi abafundi baseSwitzerland abaneziqu bayizilwane ezisengozini yokushabalala?!
Futhi njenge-icing ekhekheni, kunomthetho ongashiwongo: awukwazi ukufaka amaphuzu ngezansi kwezi-4 kwezi-6, ngaphandle kwalokho umfundi unesibopho sokuphinda awuthathe, okungadingekile kumfundi noma kothisha.
Yebo, akufanele sikhohlwe ngomzuzu ukuthi hhayi uthisha kuphela ohlola umfundi, kodwa futhi umfundi ekupheleni kwesifundo ngasinye unikeza uthisha amamaki. Okubuhlungu kakhulu ukuthi lokhu kuhlolwa kwabafundi kuthathwa njengento ebaluleke kakhulu - kungase kungafiki lapho kuxoshwe uthisha, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi kuvinjwe ukufundisa. Futhi uprofesa akayena ngempela uprofesa uma engenazo izifundo ezingu-1-2 zabafundi, okungukuthi, ukuphindaphinda kolwazi. Uma kusebenzela ukukhuthaza kanye nezinzuzo ezengeziwe kuthisha, kuhle, kodwa uma kuba yindlela yokuziphindiselela nokulungisa amaphuzu, lapho-ke ugcina unemithetho “angabi ngaphansi kuka-4 ku-6” kanye namamaki akhulisiwe, kanye nemibuzo ye-monosyllabic. ezigabeni zokuhlolwa, ukuze nje ubuyele emuva, lokho kuyikhwalithi yokufundisa iyehla.
Indaba efundisayo ngabafundi nothishaNgolunye usuku, uthisha oyedwa wayedinga ukushintsha omunye uzakwabo isikhathi esithile futhi enze isifundo esiqhubekayo e-EPFL sabafundi bonyaka wokuqala kukhemistri evamile. Esinye isifundo - umsindo, din, izingane zazingakaqondi ukuthi zigcine kuphi. Inkulumo yesibili iyafana. Kweyesithathu, waqala ukufunda ukwaziswa, futhi lapho ukugeleza kuqala ukusabalala, waphenduka wathi (ngesiFulentshi, ukuhunyushwa kungama-semantic): “Ngifaka omunye uthisha lapha. Ngize lapha ukuzofundisa abaholi ngoba lena yi-EPFL. Angiboni muntu onjalo phakathi kwenu..."Abafundi ngokushesha babhala" ukunyundela ", into eyaziwayo yaqala ukubola, futhi yacishe yonakalisa impilo nomsebenzi womuntu. Akazange amelane neze futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi akasazinikezi izinkulumo zokusakaza, yinkundla yokusebenzela kuphela ephephile.
Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, kufanelekile ukwengeza ukuthi i-EPFL inohlelo lwebhonasi, lapho uthisha ongcono kakhulu ngokusho kwabafundi engathola isinxephezelo sika-1000 CHF ngesemester ngayinye.
Kepha kuwo wonke amanyuvesi aseSwitzerland kunohlelo oluqinile: uma ungakwazanga ukufundela ukuba ngusokhemisi ngesikhathi sokuqala futhi waphuma phakathi nezifundo zakho, awusenalo ilungelo lokubhalisa kulobu buchwepheshe kunoma yimaphi amanyuvesi. ezweni lonke, kuphela uma ushiya i-EU.
Ukuphothula isikole esineziqu: ukubhala i-dissertation kanye (s)
Futhi manje, ngemva kokudlula yonke imibuthano yesihogo, wathola inombolo edingekayo yamakhredithi, futhi wasebenza inani elidingekayo lamahora nabafundi, ungacabanga ngokuvikela i-dissertation yakho.
Kwa-EPFL, njengamanyuvesi amaningi aseYurophu, kunezinhlelo ezimbili zokuvikela i-dissertation: futhi ezejwayelekile. Uma kukhona izindatshana ezishicilelwe ezi-3 noma ngaphezulu, ungalandela uhlelo olufushanisiwe. Okungukuthi, bhala isingeniso esifushane esijwayelekile, unamathisele lezi zihloko, ngoba ngayinye izothathwa njengesahluko esihlukile se-dissertation, bese ubhala isiphetho esijwayelekile. Mncane umsebenzi kunenguqulo evamile, kodwa kukhona namabhanisi ambalwa. Isibonelo, ama-dissertations afushanisiwe awamukelwa emiklomelweni. , kanye nemiklomelo ekhethekile evela esikoleni esihambisanayo ngama-dissertations avelele (okuvame ukuvotelwa ikhomishana ngesikhathi sokuzivikela okuvaliwe).
Ngakho-ke, isikhathi sokubhala siphinde sihluke: okufushane kungaqedwa enyangeni noma ezimbili, kodwa okugcwele kufanele kubhalwe okungenani izinyanga ezingu-3-4 ngaphambi kokuzivikela, noma okungcono kakhulu, izinyanga eziyisithupha ngaphambi kokuzivikela.
Okulandelayo kuza inqubo yokuvikela, ehlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili: ukuvikelwa kwangasese kanye nomphakathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinsuku ezingu-35 ngaphambi kokuzivikela kwangasese kuyadingeka ukulayisha umbhalo we-dissertation kanye ngenani lama-franc ayi-1200.
Ukuzivikela okuvaliwe (kwangasese) kuwuhlobo lwe-analogue yokuzivikela kwethu kwangaphambili eminyangweni, lapho kuphela amalungu ekhomishana ehlangana (oprofesa abavela kwamanye amanyuvesi aseSwitzerland namanyuvesi akwamanye amazwe - okungenani ama-2 kwabangu-3). Bahlola ikhwalithi, ukubaluleka kwesayensi, balungise imibuzo ewubuqili, njalo njalo. Ngokuvamile, ukuzivikela kuqhubeka kahle, oprofesa baxhumana nodokotela wesikhathi esizayo njengabalinganayo. Asikho isidingo sokubamba ngekhanda noma yiziphi izinto eziyiqiniso noma amafomula; ungabheka njalo ikhasi lethisisi ebhaliwe. Njengasendabeni yokuhlolwa konyaka wokuqala, bakhetha ukuhlola ikhono lokucabanga, ukucabangisisa, kanye nokucubungula imibono entsha lapho sekuvele kunesiphetho esithile.
Isimo sokunethezeka ngemva kokuzivikela, futhi kwase kuhwalala ngaphandle kwefasitela...
Yonke le nqubo izenzekelayo, isistimu ngokwayo izokutshela ukuthi uyithumele nini idokhumenti, ukuthi ubani oxhumana naye ukuze uthole usizo, njalonjalo. Futhi kusukela ngo-2018, konke ukugeleza kwemibhalo kwenziwa ngekhompyutha. Uma ngaphambilini bekumele uphrinte futhi ulethe amakhophi amane (uprofesa ngamunye + oyedwa endaweni yomlando) eboshiwe ithisisi yakho, manje konke ukuxhumana kwenziwa ku-inthanethi, futhi imisebenzi yokubuyekezwa ithunyelwa nge-imeyili. Futhi, lokhu kuvumela ukuhlolwa kokukopisha okuphoqelekile kusukela ngo-2018.
Ukuzijabulisa eSwiss CustomsOmunye wabangane bami wathumela idiploma yakhe ngeposi kuprofesa waseFrance engumakhelwane. Ngokujwayelekile uma uthola umsebenzi uthola impendulo ethi incwadi isilethiwe. Nokho, kwadlula isonto elilodwa, kwalandela elinye, kwakungekho mpendulo, inguqulo enyathelisiwe yomsebenzi ayizange ibonakale eFrance. Kuvele ukuthi amasiko aseSwitzerland abambe ukuthunyelwa, akubheka njengencwadi futhi, ngenxa yalokho, engakutholi ukukhokhwa kwentela kuma-akhawunti abo, akuvalela. Ngakho-ke i-imeyili ithembeke ngandlela thile kulezi zinsuku.
Ngezinye izikhathi amaTalmud anjalo abangela izinsolo
Cishe yonke imininingwane iqoqwa ekhadini lomfundi oneziqu ngaphakathi kohlelo lwe-ISA, futhi ngaphakathi kwalolu hlelo yonke le datha iyagcinwa, ibuyekezwe futhi yengezwe.
Lena yindlela yokuphila yomfundi oneziqu ebukeka ngayo ngaphakathi kwe-ISA: Gijima, Hlathi, gijima!
Ukuze ekugcineni ufake uphawu lokuhlola olugqamile oluluhlaza ekugcineni
Futhi manje, zonke izigaba seziqediwe, umsebenzi ubhaliwe futhi walungiswa ngemva kwemibuzo nezimpendulo ekuvikelweni kwangasese. Umuntu ozongenela ukhetho uya ekuvikelweni komphakathi, lapho kufanele achaze isayensi yakhe ngolimi olulula, njengoba noma ubani angakwazi ukuya kukho, okuhlanganisa hhayi isisebenzi se-EPFL. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukucaca okuphelele kwesayensi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezimali zabakhokhi bentela. Ezinye izivikelo empeleni zivela kubantu “abavela emgwaqweni.”
Futhi kuphela ngemva kokuzivikela komphakathi (yebo, kungase kubonakale sengathi lokhu kuwumkhuba nje, kodwa kuyiqiniso) lowo ozobhapathizwa uthola idiploma kanye nezinga likaDokotela wePhilosophy (PhD), ).
Kwenzekile ukuthi kulesisiphithiphithi bakhohlwe nya ngomthwebuli...
Futhi ingxenye ejabulisa kakhulu yokuzivikela komphakathi iyi-buffet encane, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nenkulu kakhulu, futhi kubo bonke abakhona.
Ishampeni kaDokotela wami...
Okufanele kusetshenziswe ngokushesha!
Nesithombe esiyisikhumbuzo endaweni engakahleleki
Yebo, ngicishe ngakhohlwa, i-EPFL inendlu yayo yokunyathelisa lapho kunyatheliswa khona amathess. Kuya ngokuthi inguqulo yokugcina ye-dissertation ilayishwa nini, inguqulo ephrintiwe ivela kukhava enhle ngaphambi kokuzivikela komphakathi noma ngemva kwayo kancane:
Yile ndlela ikhophi ephrintiwe yediploma ebukeka ngayo, ungathatha izingcezu ezimbalwa kanye nawe
Ukuqashelwa kweziqu eRussian Federation kanye ne-apostille
Kuze kube muva nje, idigri etholwe kwa-EPFL idinga ukuqinisekiswa eRussian Federation, kodwa kusukela ngo-2016 lokhu akusadingeki, ngokusho kombiko. .
Manje ngiyazi ukuthi ngidinga nje ukuthi isignesha iqinisekiswe yi-EPFL, bese ngithola i-apostille ekuphathweni kwe-Lausanne (), okuthatha amahora ambalwa ubukhulu. Yenza ikhophi yediploma ephosiwe bese umane uyithumele ukuze ihunyushwe kunoma iyiphi i-ejensi yokuhumusha e-Russian Federation.
Indaba emayelana nokuthi uMnyango wezeMfundo awufuni kanjani ukungena esikhalazweni sakhoUmlayezo wami wangempela:
Itimu: Ukuqashelwa kweziqu ze-PhD (EPFL) e-Russian Federation
Umbhalo wesikhalazo: Sawubona!
Kunolwazi oluningi ku-inthanethi mayelana nokuqashelwa kweziqu ze-PhD ezitholwe eyunivesithi yangaphandle e-Russian Federation. Ngeshwa, angizange ngithole imiyalelo/ulwazi olunemininingwane nelula lokuthi yini okufanele uyenze nokuthi kufanele uye kuphi kusayithi, ngakho-ke ngibhala lesi sikhalazo.
Ngithole i-PhD yami kuKhemistry e-Ecole Polytechnique de Lausanne (EPFL) ekuqaleni kuka-2017. Ngingathanda ukuthola imiyalelo eningiliziwe yokuqinisekisa idiploma kanye neziqu, kanye nezikhathi zomnqamulajuqu zawo wonke amasheke adingekayo, nakuba ngikholelwa ukuthi lokhu kokugcina kufanele kuhambe ngokushesha (izincwadi ezingu-10+ phezulu, amajenali aziwayo), ngaphezu kwalokho, i-dissertation yona ngokwayo isendaweni yomphakathi.
Ikakhulukazi, kukhona imibuzo elandelayo:
1. Ingabe kuyadingeka ukuhumusha idiploma ngesiRashiya kanye ne-apostille, noma inguqulo eqinisekisiwe kuphela eyanele (isibonelo, eyenziwe endaweni yeRussian Federation, njengoba inguqulo yakamuva yomthetho ithi "ukuhumusha okuqinisekisiwe")?
2. Ingabe ngidinga ukunikeza inguqulo ephrintiwe ye-dissertation?
3. Ingabe kuyadingeka ukuhumusha incwadi?
4. Kufanele ngithumele ngaluphi uhlobo futhi kuphi imibhalo? Ingabe ikhona inketho yokuthunyelwa kwemibhalo nge-elekthronikhi (okungenani eyokuqala)?
5. Uma kunefomu lokuhambisa iphepha kuphela, ngingakwazi yini ukuhambisa amadokhumenti eMoscow ngemvume yokuhlala unomphela okungeyona yaseMoscow?
6. Ingabe isitifiketi somuntu ozobhapathizwa sizokhishwa?
7. Mhlawumbe iRussian Federation kanye neSwitzerland banokuqondana kwamadigri?
Siyabonga kusengaphambili ngempendulo yakho enemininingwane!
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Ozithobayo,
XXX
Kubonakala sengathi isimo sichazwe, engikufunayo kukhonjisiwe, imibuzo icacile.
Ngitholelani emakhasini ama-4, okungalandeli lutho nhlobo. Liyini iphuzu lempendulo enjalo? Zikuphi zonke izinketho ezibalwe? Kungani ungakwazi ukwenza umdwebo noma uhlobo oluthile lweskripthi esizeni esizohlinzeka ngolwazi olufanele?
Ingabe ikhona impilo ngemva kwe-PhD?
Ngesinye isikhathi, yonke i-PhD esanda kwenziwa ibhekana nombuzo: ingabe ikhona impilo ngemva kwe-PhD? Yini okufanele uyenze ngokulandelayo: hlala esikoleni noma uzame ukuthola umsebenzi enkampanini ezimele?
Ngezansi kunomdwebo owenziwe lula kancane wokuthi ngisibone kanjani lesi simo.
Izindlela zemisebenzi engenzeka ngemuva kokuthola i-PhD
Okokuqala, kukhona njalo inketho yokubuyela eRussia. Ngeshwa, cishe ayikho i-R&D esele eRussia (ngikhuluma manje mayelana ne-chemistry kanye ne-physics ikakhulukazi), kunezikhwama ezihlukene zokumelana, njengokuqalwa kokuthuthukisa imishini ye-tomography, i-oyela negesi yokubamba amakhemikhali, efuna ukuthengisa hhayi nje kuphela. uwoyela emiphongolweni, kodwa imikhiqizo enenani eliphezulu, yethula ukukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali amancane. Kodwa yilokho kuphela. Okusalayo yisimo sezemfundo, esisanda kuqala ukuqhutshwa ngezimali hhayi kuphela ukuthengwa kwemishini, kodwa nangokwemiholo. Lokhu kanye , nezinhlelo ezehlukene ezihloselwe ukubambisana kwamanye amazwe, kanye ne-SkolTech edume kabi, kanye nezibonelelo “ezinamafutha” , inkimbinkimbi . Kodwa inkinga isekhona: ngemva kwekota yekhulu leminyaka yokukhohlwa ngokuphelele, ososayensi abaningi abasha abanamakhono baye bagezwa emphakathini wesayensi kangangokuthi manje ukugcwalisa izikhala ngeke kube umsebenzi olula. Ngasikhathi sinye, zonke izinhlelo ezizwakalayo zigqitshwa ngaphansi kohlu lwama-bureaucracy kanye namaphepha.
Okwesibili, usuka eSwitzerland ungahlala uye emazweni angomakhelwane e-EU, e-USA, njll. Idiploma ibhalwe ohlwini, futhi iSwiss Science Foundation ingaphonsa imali eningi ohlelweni . Futhi iholo lizoba ngaphezudlwana kwesilinganiso ezweni ohlele ukuhamba kulo. Ngokuvamile, eYurophu nangale kwalokho, bathanda kakhulu izinhlelo ezihlukahlukene zokuhamba zososayensi abasebasha, ukuze bakwazi ukuvakashela lapha nalaphaya, bathole ulwazi lwamazwe ngamazwe ngempela nezindlela ezihlukahlukene, futhi benze ukuxhumana. Uhlelo olufanayo ihloselwe ngqo ukuqinisa ukusebenzisana namazwe ngamazwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, eminyakeni emi-4 kungenzeka ukuthuthukisa iphakethe loxhumana nabo emphakathini wesayensi (sasebenza nomuntu, saphuza ubhiya endaweni ethile engqungqutheleni, njalonjalo), ozokumemela ku-postdoc noma umcwaningi. isikhundla.
Uma sikhuluma ngezikhundla zezimboni, iFrance engumakhelwane, iJalimane, iBenelux nokunye kugcwele kubo. Abadlali abakhulu abafana ne-BASF, ABB, L'Oreal, Melexis, DuPont nabanye bathenga kakhulu abantu abanamakhono abaneziqu emakethe futhi babasize bathuthe futhi bazinze ezweni elisha. I-EU inohlelo olulula futhi olulula, iholo lidlula ~ 56k euros ngonyaka - nakhu uya "", vele usebenze futhi ukhokhe izintela.
Okwesithathu, ungazama ukuhlala eSwitzerland ngokwayo. Ngemva kokuthola idiploma, kusukela ngosuku lokukhishwa, noma yimuphi umfundi unezinyanga eziyisithupha zokuthola umsebenzi ezweni. Inezinzuzo nezingozi zayo, ama-nuances ayo, kodwa ngaphezulu kwalokho ngesinye isikhathi. Izinkampani eziningi azifuni ukuzihlupha ngokuqasha abasebenzi bakwamanye amazwe ikakhulukazi ngenxa yodaba lwama-visa, ngakho ukuthola isikhundla embonini ye-PhD kungathathwa njengempumelelo enkulu. Noma, uma ufunda olunye lwezilimi ezisemthethweni (okungcono isiJalimane noma isiFulentshi) ukuya ezingeni lezingxoxo B1/B2 futhi uthole isitifiketi esisemthethweni, amathuba akho okuthola umsebenzi ayanda, noma ungasho lutho emsebenzini ikusasa. Umzuzwana we-chauvinism kanye nobuzwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sitifiketi kuzodingeka ukuthi ufake isicelo semvume yaphakade.
Futhi-ke, ungahlala eSwitzerland, usebenza ezikhungweni zokucwaninga nasemanyuvesi, ngoba, empeleni, iholo le-postdoc livumela umndeni ukuthi uphile ngokunethezeka. Kulokhu, umuntu uzobhekwa njenge-askance, njengoba ukuhamba kubhekwa njengento evamile, kodwa ukuhlala eqenjini lakho unyaka wonke ukuze uqedele lokho okuqalile, noma ukuya njenge-postdoc unyaka kuphrojekthi ethakazelisayo kungenzeka. Konke kuncike esimweni esithile kanye nezifiso zesisebenzi ngokwakhe.
Esikhundleni isiphetho
Lokhu kuphetha indaba mayelana nesikole esineziqu nokufunda eSwitzerland. Ezingxenyeni ezilandelayo, ngithanda ukukhuluma ngempilo yansuku zonke, izindaba zansuku zonke kuleli zwe, futhi ngibonise ubuhle nobubi balo. Bhala kumazwana noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo ngale ngxenye (ngizozama ukuyiphendula ngokuningiliziwe ngangokunokwenzeka), kanye nokulandelayo, njengoba lokhu kuzongisiza ukuhlela indaba.
PS: Uvikele incwadi yakhe ngoJanuwari 25, 2017 futhi wahlala njenge-postdoc eqenjini elifanayo. Ngalesi sikhathi, kwaqedwa futhi kwabhalwa eminye imisebenzi emihlanu, okuhlanganisa ne-monograph (incwadi) esekelwe emiphumeleni yocwaningo. Futhi ngoJanuwari 2019, waya kosebenzela inkampani yokuqala ekhiqiza amaphaneli elanga.
I-PPS: Ngithanda futhi ukuphawula nokubonga ngemibono kanye nokuphawula kwabasizile ekubhalweni kwalesi sihloko: Albert aka , Anya, Ivan, Misha, Kostya, Slava.
Futhi ekugcineni, ibhonasi - amavidiyo amabili mayelana ne-EPFL...
... futhi ngokuhlukene mayelana nekhampasi eseMount Zion, ebambe iqhaza kumaphrojekthi emkhakheni wezamandla:
Ungakhohlwa ukubhalisa ku : Akunzima kuwe - ngiyajabula! Futhi yebo, ngicela ungibhalele mayelana nanoma yikuphi ukushiyeka okuphawulwe embhalweni.
Abasebenzisi ababhalisiwe kuphela abangabamba iqhaza kuhlolovo. , wamukelekile.
Imayelana nani ingxenye elandelayo?
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Impilo yansuku zonke
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Ukuhamba
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Ukudla
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Izindlu (ukusesha, izici nokukhetha indawo yokuhlala)
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Ukusesha kukaJobe
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Amadolobha aseSwitzerland
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Ngizobhala kuma comments
Bangu-19 abasebenzisi abavotile. Abasebenzisi abangu-8 bagobile.
Source: www.habr.com