Ngifuna ukukhuluma nawe ngokuthi kungani silungisa amapayipi kaningi kunokuba sibhala ama-dissertation ngakho, mayelana nezindlela ezahlukene zokufundisa ukuhlela, nokuthi sizama kanjani ukusebenzisa enye yazo emkhiqizweni wethu omusha iHyperskill.
Uma ungazithandi izingeniso ezinde, bese weqela ngqo endimeni emayelana nokuhlela. Kodwa kuzoba mnandi kancane.
Ukudonsa phansi kweLyrical
Ake sicabange ngentokazi ethile uMasha. Namuhla uMasha wayezogeza izithelo futhi abuke ibhayisikobho ngokuthula, kodwa amashwa: kungazelelwe wathola ukuthi usinki wasekhishini wawuvalekile. Okwamanje akukacaci ukuthi kumele kwenziweni ngalokhu. Ungakwazi ukuhlehlisa le nkinga ngokungapheli, kodwa kunesikhathi samahhala manje, ngakho uMasha unquma ukubhekana nenkinga ngokushesha. Umqondo ophusile uphakamisa izinto ezimbili ongakhetha kuzo: a) shayela i-plumber b) uzibambele wena. Intokazi ikhetha inketho yesibili futhi iqala ukufunda imiyalo ku-YouTube. Elandela iseluleko somsebenzisi u-Vasya_the_plumber, uMasha ubheka ngaphansi kukasinki futhi ubona ipayipi lepulasitiki elinyoka elakhiwe izingxenye ezimbalwa. Intombazane iqaqa ngokucophelela ucezu olulodwa phansi kusinki futhi ayitholi lutho. Isiqephu esiphansi sepayipi siphenduka sivalwe ngokuqinile ngento engaziwa, futhi ngisho nemfoloko etholakala etafuleni ayikwazi ukubhekana nokuvinjelwa. Ochwepheshe be-inthanethi banikeza izibikezelo ezidumazayo: ingxenye kuzodingeka ishintshwe. Ebalazweni, uMasha uthola isitolo esiseduze, uthatha ipayipi elibi futhi athenge lona elifanayo, elisha kuphela. Ngokweseluleko somthengisi, uMasha uphinde abambe isihlungi esisha sokuvimbela. Ukufuna kuqediwe: usinki usebenza njengoba kufanele futhi, futhi umlingiswa wawo oyinhloko, okwamanje, ufunde okulandelayo:
- Ungakwazi ukukhulula futhi uqinise amapayipi ngaphansi kwesinki ngokwakho;
- Isitolo samapayipi esiseduze siyikhilomitha elilodwa nengxenye ukusuka efulethini likaMashina.
Cishe, uMasha akazange aqaphele ukuthi zingaki izinto ezintsha azifundile futhi azifundile, ngoba wayekhathazekile ngenduduzo yakhe esikhathini esizayo, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ebuka i-movie futhi egeza i-apula yakhe. Ngokuzayo lapho kuphakama inkinga efanayo, intombazane izoyixazulula izikhathi eziningi ngokushesha. Eqinisweni, uMasha akazange nje abuyisele umhlaba esimweni sawo esivamile; wafunda ngokungenangqondo, okungukuthi, ezimweni ezikhethekile, futhi umkhuba-ngamakhasimende, okungukuthi, ngokwenza izinto kunokuzifunda ngokuningiliziwe futhi kusengaphambili.
Konke kwakungase kuhluke. Ake sithi uMasha uhlezi esihlalweni kusihlwa futhi ngokuzumayo uyaqaphela ukuthi akakakulungeli ngokwengqondo nangokomzimba ukuvala i-clog ku-sink. Ngokushesha ubhalisa esikoleni se-plumbers, efunda izinhlobo zamasinki, amapayipi kanye nokuxhumeka okungenzeka, ukuhlukaniswa kwezinkinga zamapayipi kanye nezixazululo ezingenzeka kuzo. UMasha akalali ebusuku, ebamba ngekhanda amagama namagama. Mhlawumbe ubhala ngisho nethisisi ye-PhD ngesayensi yamapayipi etiyetha, lapho exoxa khona ngamagasket enjoloba. Ekugcineni, ngemva kokuthola isitifiketi, uMasha ngokuziqhenya ubheka ekhishini ngokuzethemba okugcwele ukuthi manje ngisho nenkinga encane yokucwilisa izoxazululwa ngokushaya komunwe. Kulesi simo, intombazane yafunda ngokucindezela, ukusuka kokujwayelekile kuya kokuqondile, futhi kwakugxile kakhulu kukho inkolelo.
Ngakho iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu? Endabeni yesinki ne-clog - eyokuqala, futhi ngenxa yalezi zizathu:
- Uma kuphela usinki osebenzayo ubalulekile, khona-ke kwanele ukwazi kuphela ukuthi yini ethinta le ndawo ethile. Lapho uMasha eqaphela ukuthi akanalo ulwazi, nakanjani uzothola indlela yokufunda okwengeziwe.
- Ulwazi lwe-encyclopedic lungase lungasebenzi esimweni sangempela ngoba umkhuba awuzange uthuthukiswe. Ukuze ufunde ukulandelana kwezenzo, kunengqondo ukungafundi ngazo, kodwa ukuzenza.
Ake sishiye uMasha ompofu yedwa futhi siqhubekele ohlelweni lokufunda kanjalo.
Ukuhlela: funda noma wenze?
Sijwayele ukucabanga ukuthi ukuze sithuthuke futhi sibe uchwepheshe emkhakheni esingawujwayele, sidinga kuqala ukuya enyuvesi noma okungenani sibhalisele izifundo. Sihlale silalela abasitshela kona futhi senze imisebenzi ethile. Lapho sinediploma noma isitifiketi esifiselekayo ezandleni zethu, silahleka ngaso leso sikhathi, ngoba asikaqondi ukuthi kungani sidinga ulwazi olungaka nokuthi singalusebenzisa kanjani ngokuqondile. Lokhu akunankinga uma izinhlelo zakho ezilandelayo kuwukubhala amaphepha esayensi futhi uhambe nawo ezingqungqutheleni. Uma kungenjalo, kufanelekile ukulwela amakhono, okungukuthi, ukwenza nokwenza izinto ezithile futhi, ukuzama nokwenza amaphutha ukuze ukhumbule isikhathi eside ukuthi yini engcono kakhulu ongayenzi.
Enye yezindawo lapho "isandla esiqinile" noma "iso ledayimane" lihambisana nokubuka okubanzi wuhlelo. Uma ukhuluma nonjiniyela abanolwazi, uzozwa izindaba ezinesibindi lapho umuntu efunda izibalo/i-physics/ukufundisa kusukela esemncane, wabe esekhathala wadlulela emuva. Kuzophinde kube nabahleli bezinhlelo abangenayo imfundo ephakeme! Okokuqala, lokho okubhekwa njengenani kumthuthukisi akusona isitifiketi noma idiploma, kodwa inani nekhwalithi yezinhlelo ezibhaliwe, imibhalo namawebhusayithi.
"Kodwa linda!", Uyaphika, "Kuzwakala kukuhle - kuthathe ukwenze!" Angikwazi ukuzibhalela kalula uhlelo uma ngingakaluhleli ngaphambilini! Kubalulekile kimina ukuqonda ukuthi ngibhala kuphi, ukuthi ngingakhuluma kanjani ngokuyisisekelo ngolimi lokuhlela nge-compiler. Akufani nokuthola inombolo yocingo yomuntu osebenza ngamapulangwe ku-Google.”
Kukhona iqiniso elibabayo nakulokhu. Esinye isici esingajwayelekile siholela kwesinye, okuholela kwesesithathu, futhi ngokushesha le nqubo iphenduka umbukiso wemilingo, oqhubeka nokukhipha amaduku aboshwe futhi akakwazi ukuwakhipha esigqokweni esiphezulu. Inqubo, ukwethembeka, ayijabulisi; nge-5 "iduku" kubonakala sengathi ukujula kokungazi kuseduze ne-Mariana Trench. Enye indlela yalokhu izinkulumo ezifanayo mayelana nezinhlobo eziyi-10 zokuguquguquka, izinhlobo ezi-3 zamaluphu kanye nemitapo yolwazi engaba usizo eyi-150. Ngokudabukisayo.
I-Hyperskill: sakha, sakha futhi ekugcineni sakha
Sacabanga ngale nkinga isikhathi eside. Usuku lokuthunyelwe kokugcina kubhulogi yethu lukhuluma kabanzi mayelana nokuthi sinesikhathi esingakanani sicabanga. Ngemuva kwazo zonke izingxabano nemizamo yokuhlanganisa indlela entsha ku-Stepik, sigcine ... isayithi elihlukile. Kungenzeka ukuthi usuzwile ngakho njengengxenye yeJetBrains Academy. Sayibiza ngokuthi i-Hyperskill, eyakhelwe ekufundeni okusekelwe kuphrojekthi, saxhumanisa isisekelo solwazi se-Java kuyo, futhi safaka ukusekelwa kwethimba le-EduTools. Futhi manje imininingwane eyengeziwe.
Umgomo othize. Sinikeza "imenyu" yamaphrojekthi, i.e. izinhlelo ongazibhala ngosizo lwethu. Phakathi kwazo kukhona i-tic-tac-toe, umsizi womuntu siqu, i-blockchain, injini yokusesha, njll. Amaphrojekthi aqukethe izigaba ezi-5-6; Umphumela wesigaba ngasinye wuhlelo oluqediwe. "Pho-ke kungani sidinga ezinye izigaba uma konke sekuvele kusebenze ekuqaleni?" Ngiyabonga ngombuzo. Ngesinyathelo ngasinye uhlelo lusebenza kakhulu noma lusheshe. Ekuqaleni, ikhodi ithatha imigqa engu-10, kodwa ekugcineni ingase ingangeni ku-500.
Ithiyori encane. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi uhlale phansi ubhale ngisho i-Hello World ngaphandle kokwazi igama mayelana nezinhlelo. Ngakho-ke, esigabeni ngasinye sephrojekthi, ubona ukuthi yiziphi izisekelo zethiyori okufanele wazi kahle futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuthi ungazithola kuphi. Izisekelo nazo zitholakala ku-Hyperskill esigabeni esithi “Imephu Yolwazi”. Uma esigabeni sokuqala sephrojekthi abafundi bengadingeki ukuthi bafunde idatha efayelini, bangase bangakwazi ukuqhubeka. Bazoyifunda ngokwabo kamuva, ukuze bathuthuke jikelele, noma bazoyidinga esigabeni esilandelayo.
Imephu yolwazi. Ikubonisa ukuthi yiziphi izihloko osuvele uzifundile nokuthi zihlobana kanjani. Vula noma iyiphi i-top enhle. Ungayiphenya, kodwa sincoma ukuthi uqedele imisebenzi emincane ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi ulwazi lungena ekhanda lakho. Okokuqala, ipulatifomu izokunikeza izivivinyo, ngemuva kwalokho izokunikeza imisebenzi embalwa yokuhlela. Uma ikhodi ihlanganisa futhi iphumelele izivivinyo, iqhathanise nesixazululo sereferensi, ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kusiza ukuthola indlela engcono kakhulu yokuyisebenzisa. Noma qiniseka ukuthi isisombululo sakho sesivele sihle kakhulu.
Akukho okungeziwe. Silindele bobabili abasebenzisi “abaluhlaza” kanye nonjiniyela abanolwazi. Uma usuzibhalile izinhlelo, akunandaba, ngeke sikuphoqe ukuthi wengeze u-2+2 noma uphendule umugqa futhi. Ukuze ufinyelele ngokushesha ezingeni olifunayo, lapho ubhalisa, bonisa lokho osuvele ujwayele futhi ukhethe iphrojekthi enzima kakhulu. Ungesabi ukuzethemba ngokweqile: uma kukhona okwenzekayo, ungakwazi njalo ukubuyela esihlokweni esikhohliwe kumephu yolwazi.
Amathuluzi. Kuhle ukubhala izingcezu ezincane zekhodi efasiteleni elikhethekile esizeni, kodwa ukuhlela kwangempela kuqala ngokusebenza endaweni yokuthuthukiswa (Iokunensa Dukwakhiwa Eimvelo). Abahleli bezinhlelo abanolwazi abazi nje ukubhala ikhodi, kodwa futhi nendlela yokuklama isikhombimsebenzisi esibonakalayo, ukuhlanganisa amafayela ahlukene kuphrojekthi, sebenzisa amathuluzi okuthuthukisa engeziwe, futhi i-IDE inakekela ezinye zalezi zinqubo. Kungani ungafundi lawa makhono ngenkathi ufunda ukuhlela? Yilapho i-JetBrains isiza khona kanye nenguqulo ekhethekile ye-IntelliJ IDEA Community Educational nge-plugin ye-EduTools efakwe ngaphambili. Ku-IDE enjalo, ungathatha izifundo zokuqeqesha, uhlole izinkinga ezixazululiwe, futhi ubheke amathiphu wephrojekthi uma ukhohlwe okuthile. Ungakhathazeki uma kuyisikhathi sakho sokuqala ukuzwa igama elithi "plugin" noma "IDE": sizokutshela ukuthi iyini nokuthi ungayifaka kanjani kukhompyutha yakho noma kwi-laptop ngokuhlupheka okuncane. Qonda ithiyori, bese uya ku-IDE bese uqedela isigaba esilandelayo sephrojekthi khona lapho.
Iminqamulajuqu. Akekho kubo! Singobani thina esingangqongqoza ekhanda sikutshele ukuthi uzobhala ngasiphi isivinini uhlelo? Uma ujabulela ukubhala ikhodi futhi ufuna ukuyiqeda, uyayiqeda, namuhla noma kusasa. Yenza intuthuko ngokuthanda kwakho.
Amaphutha. Wonke umuntu uyabavuma, kanjalo nawe kwesinye sezigaba zephrojekthi, bese lesi sigaba ngeke siphumelele ukuhlolwa okuzenzakalelayo. Hhayi-ke, kuzomele uzitholele ngokwakho ukuthi konakelephi. Singakutshela ukuthi iphutha likuphi, kodwa ingabe lokho kungakufundisa ukubhala ikhodi ngokucophelela? Funda amathiphu avela ku-IDEA noma isihloko sethiyori mayelana nezimbungulu, futhi lapho uhlelo lugcina lusebenza, ukushesha kwe-dopamine cishe ngeke kuthathe isikhathi eside ukufika.
Umphumela ocacile. Ngakho-ke, usuqedile uhlaka lokuqala, yini elandelayo? Jabulela izithelo zomsebenzi wakho! Dlala i-tic-tac-toe nabangani bakho futhi uziqhayise ngempumelelo yakho ngesikhathi esifanayo. Layisha iphrojekthi ku-GitHub ukuze uyibonise kumqashi wakusasa, bhala incazelo ngokwakho, futhi ubonise lapho ulwazi olufakile. 4-5 amaphrojekthi ayinkimbinkimbi, futhi manje, iphothifoliyo enesizotha yonjiniyela oyisiqalo isilungile.
Ithuba lokukhula. Ake sithi ubheka i-Hyperskill futhi awuboni isihloko esibalulekile noma iphrojekthi ewusizo lapho. Sazise ngakho! Uma isizinda sakho sibanzi futhi sicebile kunemephu yolwazi, bese usibhalela ngefomu . Ithimba lethu lizokwabelana nawe ngamathiphu namasu ethu, ngakho sizokujabulela ukukusiza uguqule ulwazi lwakho lube okuqukethwe okuwusizo okuqondakalayo kubasebenzisi beminyaka namazinga ahlukene. Mhlawumbe sizokhokha, kodwa lokho akuqinisekile.
Siyakwamukela: Ngena, bheka, zama, phakamisa, dumisa futhi ugxeke. Sifunda futhi ukukufundisa.
Source: www.habr.com