Amagama ambalwa mayelana "nesilinganiso segolide" ngomqondo wendabuko
Kukholelwa ukuthi uma ingxenye ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ngendlela yokuthi ingxenye encane ihlobane nenkulu, njengoba enkulu ibhekene nengxenye yonke, khona-ke ukuhlukaniswa okunjalo kunikeza ingxenye engu-1/1,618, okuthi amaGreki asendulo, ayiboleka kwabaseGibhithe lasendulo, ebizwa ngokuthi "isilinganiso segolide." Futhi ukuthi izakhiwo eziningi zezakhiwo - isilinganiso se-contour yezakhiwo, ubudlelwano phakathi kwezakhi zazo ezibalulekile - eziqala ngamaphiramidi aseGibhithe futhi ziphethe ngokwakhiwa kwethiyori ye-Le Corbusier - zazisekelwe kule ngxenye.
Iphinde ihambisane nezinombolo ze-Fibonacci, i-spiral ehlinzeka ngomfanekiso wejometri onemininingwane yalesi silinganiso.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubukhulu bomzimba womuntu (kusuka ematheni kuya enkabeni, kusukela enkabeni kuye ekhanda, kusukela ekhanda kuye eminwe yesandla esiphakanyisiwe), kusukela ekulinganiseni okuhle okubonwa ngeNkathi Ephakathi (indoda yaseVitruvian, njll. .), futhi iphetha ngezilinganiso ze-anthropometric zabantu base-USSR, zisasondele kakhulu kule ngxenye.
Futhi uma sengeza ukuthi izibalo ezifanayo zatholakala ezintweni eziphilayo ezihluke ngokuphelele: amagobolondo e-mollusk, ukuhlelwa kwembewu ku-sunflower kanye nezigaxa zomsedari, khona-ke kuyacaca ukuthi kungani inombolo engenangqondo eqala ngo-1,618 kwathiwa "yaphezulu" - iminonjana yayo ingakwazi. ukulandelelwa ngisho nangesimo semithala edonsela ku-Fibonacci spirals!
Ngokucabangela zonke izibonelo ezingenhla, singacabanga ukuthi:
- sibhekene “nedatha enkulu” ngempela,
- ngisho nasekulinganiseni kokuqala, abonisa okuthile, uma kungenjalo indawo yonke, khona-ke ukusatshalaliswa okubanzi okungavamile "kwesigaba segolide" namanani aseduze naso.
Kwezomnotho
Imidwebo ye-Lorenz yaziwa kabanzi futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu ukubona ngeso lengqondo imali engenayo yasekhaya. Lawa mathuluzi anamandla we-macroeconomic anezinhlobonhlobo kanye nokulungiswa okuhlukahlukene (i-decile coefficient, inkomba ye-Gini) asetshenziswa kwizibalo zokuqhathanisa nenhlalo-mnotho yamazwe nezici zawo futhi angaba yisisekelo sokwenza izinqumo ezinkulu zezombangazwe nesabelomali emkhakheni wentela, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo. , ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokuthuthukisa izwe nezifunda.
Futhi nakuba ekuqapheliseni okujwayelekile kwansuku zonke imali engenayo kanye nezindleko zixhunywe ngokuqinile, ku-Google lokhu akunjalo ... Ngokumangalisayo, ngikwazile ukuthola uxhumano phakathi kwemidwebo ye-Lorenz kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwezindleko ezivela kubalobi ababili baseRussia (ngingabonga uma othile azi imisebenzi efanayo njengasemikhakheni ye-inthanethi ekhuluma isiRashiya nesiNgisi).
Eyokuqala yincwadi ka-T. M. Bueva. I-dissertation yanikezelwa, ikakhulukazi, ekuthuthukiseni izindleko emapulazini enkukhu aseMari.
Omunye umbhali, u-V.V. I-Matokhin (izixhumanisi ezihlangene ezivela kubalobi ziyatholakala) isondela endabeni ngezinga elikhulu. UMatokhin, isazi sefiziksi ngemfundo yamabanga aphansi, ubambe iqhaza ekucutshungulweni kwezibalo zedatha esetshenziswa ekwenzeni izinqumo zokuphatha, kanye nokuhlola ukuguquguquka nokulawuleka kwezinkampani.
Umqondo nezibonelo ezinikezwe ngezansi zithathwe emisebenzini ka-V. Matokhin nozakwabo (Matokhin, 1995), (Antoniou et al., 2002), (Kryanev, et al., 1998), (Matokhin et al. 2018) . Mayelana nalokhu, kufanele kwengezwe ukuthi amaphutha angenzeka ekuchazeni imisebenzi yabo yiwona kuphela impahla yombhali wale migqa futhi ayikwazi ukubhekwa emibhalweni yokuqala yezemfundo.
Ukuvumelana okungalindelekile
Kuvezwe emagrafuni angezansi.
1. Ukusatshalaliswa kwezibonelelo zokuncintisana kwemisebenzi yesayensi nezobuchwepheshe ngaphansi kohlelo lweState "High-temperature superconductivity". (Matokhin, 1995)
Fig.1. Izilinganiso ekusatshalalisweni kwezimali konyaka wamaphrojekthi ngo-1988-1994.
Izici eziyinhloko zokusatshalaliswa kwaminyaka yonke ziboniswa kuThebula 3, lapho i-SN iyinani laminyaka yonke lezimali ezisatshalaliswa (ngama-ruble ayizigidi), futhi N iyinani lamaphrojekthi axhaswe ngezimali. Uma kucatshangelwa iqiniso lokuthi phakathi neminyaka ukubunjwa komuntu siqu kwejaji lomncintiswano, isabelomali sokuncintisana ngisho nesilinganiso semali sishintshile (ngaphambi kwezinguquko zika-1991 nangemva kwalokho), ukuzinza kwamajika wangempela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuyamangalisa. Ibha emnyama kugrafu yenziwe ngamaphoyinti okuhlola.
| 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | ||
| S | 273 | 362 | 432 | 553 | 345 | 353 | 253 | X |
| Sn | 143.1 | 137.6 | 136.9 | 411.2 | 109.4 | 920 | 977 | Y |
Ithebula 3
2. Ijika lezindleko elihlobene nokuthengiswa kwempahla (Kotlyar, 1989)
Fig.2
3. Isheduli ye-Tariff yamaholo erenki
Njengesibonelo sokwakha umdwebo, idatha ithathwe embhalweni othi "Vedomosti: ingakanani iholo elijwayelekile lonyaka ngalinye kufanele izinga ngalinye libe nalo" (Suvorov, 2014) ("Isayensi Yokunqoba").
|
Ilayisi. 3. Umdwebo wokulinganiswa kwamaholo onyaka ngokwezikhundla |
4. Uhlelo lokusebenza olumaphakathi lomphathi ophakathi waseMelika (Mintzberg, 1973)
Fig.4
Amagrafu amisiwe athulwe aphakamisa ukuthi kunephethini evamile emisebenzini yezomnotho ayibonisayo. Uma kubhekwa umehluko omkhulu kulokho okucacisiwe komsebenzi wezomnotho, endaweni yawo kanye nesikhathi, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ukufana kwamagrafu kunqunywa isimo esithile esiyisisekelo sokusebenza kwezinhlelo zezomnotho. Hhayi ngenye indlela ngaphezu kwezinkulungwane zeminyaka yomsebenzi wezomnotho, ngokusekelwe enanini elikhulu lezivivinyo namaphutha, izihloko zalo msebenzi zithole isu elilungile lokwaba izinsiza. Futhi bayisebenzisa ngokunembile emisebenzini yabo yamanje. Lokhu kucabanga kuvumelana kahle nesimiso sePareto esaziwayo: Amaphesenti angu-20 emizamo yethu akhiqiza amaphesenti angu-80 emiphumela. Okufanayo kwenzeka ngokusobala lapha. Amagrafu anikeziwe aveza iphethini yobuciko, okuthi, uma iguqulelwa kumdwebo we-Lorentz, ichazwe ngokunemba okwanele nge-alpha exponent elingana no-2. Ngalesi sithako, umdwebo we-Lorenz uphenduka ube yingxenye yombuthano.
Singabiza lesi sici, esingakabi nalo igama elizinzile, ukusinda. Ngokufanisa nokuphila endle, ukusinda kwesistimu yezomnotho kunqunywa ukuzivumelanisa kwayo okuthuthukisiwe nezimo zemvelo yezenhlalo-mnotho kanye nekhono lokuzivumelanisa nezinguquko ezimweni zemakethe.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi uhlelo lapho ukusatshalaliswa kwezindleko kusondele kokufanelekile (ene-alpha exponent elingana no-2, noma ukusatshalaliswa kwezindleko “embuthanweni”) kunethuba elikhulu kakhulu lokugcinwa ngendlela yalo yamanje. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kwezinye izimo ukusatshalaliswa okunjalo kunquma inzuzo enkulu yebhizinisi. Ngokwesibonelo, lapha. Ukuncipha kwe-coefficient yokuchezuka kokuhle, kuyanda inzuzo yebhizinisi (Bueva, 2002).
Ithebula (isiqephu)
| Igama lepulazi, isigodi | Inzuzo (%) | I-coefficient yokuchezuka | |
| 1 | State Unitary Enterprise p/f "Volzhskaya" Volzhsky esifundeni | 13,0 | 0,336 |
| 2 | I-SPK p/f "Gornomariyskaya" | 11,1 | 0,18 |
| 3 | UMSP s-z "Zvenigovsky" | 33,7 | 0,068 |
| 4 | CJSC "Mariyskoe" Medvedevsky esifundeni | 7,5 | 0,195 |
| 5 | JSC "Teplichnoe" Medvedevsky wesifunda | 16,3 | 0,107 |
| ... | |||
| 47 | SEC (k-z) "Rassvet" Sovetsky esifundeni | 3,2 | 0,303 |
| 48 | NW "Bronevik" Kilemarsky esifundeni | 14,2 | 0,117 |
| 49 | SEC Agricultural Academy "Avangard" Morkinsky esifundeni | 6,5 | 0,261 |
| 50 | SHA k-z nabo. Petrov Morkinsky esifundeni | 22,5 | 0,135 |
Iziphetho ezisebenzayo
Lapho uhlela izindleko zazo zombili izinkampani nemizi, kuyasiza ukwakha ijika le-Lorenz ngokusekelwe kuzo bese uliqhathanisa nelungile. Uma umdwebo wakho ususondele kokuhle, maningi amathuba okuthi uhlela ngendlela efanele nokuthi umsebenzi wakho uzophumelela. Ukusondela okunjalo kuqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlelo zakho ziseduze nolwazi lwemisebenzi yezomnotho yabantu, efakwe emithethweni yobuchwepheshe eyamukelwa ngokuvamile njengomgomo we-Pareto.
Nokho, kungacatshangwa ukuthi lapha sikhuluma ngokusebenza kwesistimu yezomnotho evuthiwe egxile enzuzweni. Uma singakhulumi ngokwandisa inzuzo, kodwa, isibonelo, ngomsebenzi wokwenza inkampani ibe yisimanje noma ukukhulisa isabelo sayo semakethe ngokuyisisekelo, ijika lakho lokusabalalisa izindleko lizochezuka embuthanweni.
Kuyacaca ukuthi esimweni sokuqala ngomnotho wayo othize, umdwebo we-Lorenz, ohambisana nethuba eliphezulu lokuphumelela, uzophinde uphambuke embuthanweni. Kungacatshangwa ukuthi ukuchezuka kwejika lokusatshalaliswa kwezindleko kumbuthano kuhambisana nakho kokubili ubungozi obukhulayo kanye nokuncipha kokuvumelana nezimo kwenkampani. Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kokuthembela emininingwaneni enkulu yezibalo ekuqalisweni kokuqala (kokubili okuphumelelayo nokungaphumeleli), izibikezelo ezinesisekelo esiqinile, ezifanelekayo azinakwenzeka neze.
Ngokomunye umbono, ukuchezuka kwejika lokusabalalisa izindleko ukusuka kumbuthano ukuya ngaphandle kungase kube uphawu lwakho kokubili ukulawulwa ngokweqile kokuphatha kanye nesibonakaliso sokuqothuka okuzayo. Ukuhlola le nkolelo-mbono, isisekelo esithile sokubhekisela siyadingeka, okuyinto, njengoba kwenzeka esimweni sokuqala, akunakwenzeka ukuba sibe khona esizindeni somphakathi.
Esikhundleni isiphetho
Izincwadi zokuqala ezinkulu ngalesi sihloko zihlehlela emuva ku-1995 (Matokhin, 1995). Futhi imvelo eyaziwa kancane yale misebenzi, naphezu kokutholakala kwayo emhlabeni wonke kanye nokusetshenziswa okusha kwamamodeli namathuluzi asetshenziswa kakhulu osomnotho, isalokhu iyimfihlakalo ngandlela thize...
Source: www.habr.com