NgoNovemba odlule, inkantolo yokudlulisa amacala yaseMelika yanikeza ohulumeni bezifundazwe ukukhanya okuluhlaza ukuthi bashaye imithetho ebuyisela ukungathathi hlangothi phakathi kwemingcele yabo. Namuhla sizokutshela ukuthi ubani osevele ethuthukisa izikweletu ezinjalo. Sizophinde sikhulume ngokuthi yiziphi izibalo ezibalulekile zezimboni, okuhlanganisa noSihlalo we-FCC u-Ajit Pai, abacabanga ngesimo samanje.
/Vula/
Isizinda esifushane sodaba
Ngo-2017, i-F.C.C. imithetho yokungathathi hlangothi kanye izifundazwe ukuzisebenzisa ezingeni lendawo. Kusukela lapho, umphakathi awuzange uyeke ukuzama ukubuyisela isimo esimeni. Ngo-2018 Mozilla ku-Federal Communications Commission, njengoba, ngokombono wabo, ukuqedwa kokungathathi hlangothi okuphelele kuphambene nomthethosisekelo futhi kuphazamisa umsebenzi wabahlinzeki nabathuthukisi bezinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu.
Ezinyangeni ezintathu ezedlule icala ngalombuzo. Ukuhoxiswa kokungathathi hlangothi kwaqinisekiswa njengokusemthethweni, kodwa ijaji lanquma ukuthi ikhomishana ngeke ikwazi ukuvimbela ohulumeni basekhaya ukuba babeke eyabo imingcele yokungathathi hlangothi. Baqala ukulisebenzisa leli thuba.
Yiziphi izifunda ezibuyisa ukungathathi hlangothi?
Umthetho ofanele eCalifornia. Namuhla yena omunye wemithetho eqinile yohlobo lwayo ezweni - yaze yabizwa ngokuthi "izinga legolide". Ivimbela abahlinzeki ukuthi bavimbe futhi bahlukanise ithrafikhi evela emithonjeni ehlukene.
Imithetho emisha iphinde yavala ipolitiki (iziro-rating) - manje opharetha bezingcingo abakwazi ukunikeza abasebenzisi ukufinyelela kokuqukethwe ngaphandle kokucabangela ithrafikhi. Ngokusho komlawuli, le ndlela izolinganisa amathuba abahlinzeki be-intanethi abakhulu nabancane - laba bamuva abanazo izinsiza zokuheha amakhasimende amasha ngokunikeza ukubuka amavidiyo ku-cinema eku-inthanethi noma ukusebenzisa inethiwekhi ethile yokuxhumana nabantu ngaphandle kwemingcele.
Izinto ezimbalwa ezintsha ezivela kubhulogi yethu ku-Habré:
Umthetho Wesifunda saseWashington Ubuyisela Ukungathathi hlangothi KweNet kusukela ngoJuni 2018. Iziphathimandla azizange zilinde imiphumela yenqubo ye-Mozilla ne-FCC. Lapho, opharetha abakwazi ukubeka phambili ithrafikhi yabasebenzisi futhi bakhokhise imali eyengeziwe ngakho. Umthetho ofanayo e-Oregon, kodwa ayiqinile kangako—ngokwesibonelo, ayisebenzi kuma-ISP aqhuba ibhizinisi nezinhlangano zikahulumeni.
Iziphathimandla zaseNew York zisebenza ngesinyathelo esifanayo. UMbusi u-Andrew Cuomo mayelana nezinhlelo zokubuyisela ukungathathi hlangothi kuhulumeni ngo-2020. Imithetho emisha izofana nomthetho owamukelwe umlawuli wase-California - ukulinganisa okuyiziro nakho kuzovinjelwa.
Kuzoba nezinye izikweletu ezinjalo maduze. Ngonyaka odlule, kanye ne-Mozilla, samangalela i-FCC abameli jikelele bezifundazwe ezingama-22 - ungalindela ukuthi iziphathimandla zalezi zifundazwe sezilungiselela umthetho omusha.
Isikhundla se-FCC kanye Nempendulo Yomphakathi
USihlalo we-FCC u-Ajit Pai akazange asekele inqubomgomo yeziphathimandla zasendaweni ezifuna ukubuyisela ukungathathi hlangothi okuphelele. Yena , ukuthi isinqumo esithathwe yiKhomishana ngo-2017 sazuzisa imboni futhi saba nesandla ekuthuthukisweni kwengqalasizinda yenethiwekhi. Selokhu kwaqedwa ukungathathi hlangothi, isivinini esimaphakathi sokufinyelela ku-inthanethi ezweni lonke sinyukile, njengoba kuye kwaba nenani lemizi exhunyiwe.
Kodwa idlanzana lochwepheshe lawa mathrendi anenani elikhulayo lamadolobha athumela amanethiwekhi awo e-broadband. Abahlaziyi baseGeorge Washington University ukuthi abahlinzeki be-inthanethi e-United States abatshali izimali ezengeziwe ekuthuthukisweni kwengqalasizinda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusho inhlangano yamalungelo abantu iFree Press, umthamo wokutshalwa kwezimali kule minyaka emibili edlule, ngokuphambene nalokho, lehlile. Isibonelo, abameleli be-AT&T ukuthi ngo-2020 bahlela ukunciphisa isabelomali esihambisanayo ngama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezintathu. Ngesitatimende esifanayo eComcast.
/CC BY SA /
Kunoma ikuphi, imithetho yendawo ebuyisela ukungathathi hlangothi ngokuphelele ezingeni likahulumeni iwuhafu kuphela ongaholela esimweni esiyimpikiswano emakethe yezokuxhumana. Abahlinzeki be-inthanethi amanani entengo ahlukene kubasebenzisi ezifundazweni ezahlukene - ngenxa yalokho, ezinye izakhamizi ngeke zithole izimo ezivumayo kakhulu zokufinyelela i-inthanethi.
Ochwepheshe bayaqaphela ukuthi lesi simo singaxazululwa kuphela ezingeni likahulumeni. Futhi umsebenzi kule ndlela usuvele uyaqhubeka. Ngo-Ephreli, amalungu e-US House of Representatives , echitha isinqumo se-FCC nokubuyisela imithetho yokungathathi hlangothi. Kuze kube manje iSenethi sikuvotele, kodwa isimo singashintsha esikhathini esizayo.
Esibhala ngakho kubhulogi lebhizinisi le-VAS Experts:
Source: www.habr.com