Abalandela okwenzeka embonini yezindiza bayawazi amahlazo enzeke ngeBoeing 737 Max. Le nguqulo yakamuva yendiza yenkampani edumile yaseMelika i-Boeing yaba nenani lezinkinga zokuqala ezibangelwa izici zokuklama zendiza eseziphelelwe yisikhathi futhi izikhathi eziningi zesimanje (ezakhiwe kusukela ngo-1967). Izinjini ezintsha ezinamandla nezisebenza kahle zazizinkulu kakhulu futhi zisinda uma ziqhathaniswa nalezo ezisetshenziswe kumodeli wangaphambilini we-737 NG futhi, zisuswa kude namaphiko, zakha i-torque enamandla ephendukayo, iphakamisa ikhala lendiza lapho ikhuphuka ukugxila. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba i-angle yokuhlasela ikhula, ivimbela ukugeleza komoya emaphikweni, okunciphisa kakhulu ukuphakamisa futhi kuyingozi kakhulu.
Ukuze isasebenzisa izinjini ezintsha kanye nomklamo omdala, inkampani iqhamuke nohlelo lwe-MCAS (Maneuvering Characteristics Augmentation System), olwakhelwe ukusiza buthule umshayeli wendiza ukuthi alawule indiza ngemodi yezandla (uma umshayeli wendiza ozenzakalelayo ucishiwe) . Uma i-engeli ethile yokuhlasela idlula (ngokusekelwe ekufundweni kwezinzwa ezimbili), indiza ingena ekujuleni.
Inkinga ukuthi izinzwa kungenzeka zibe nephutha, futhi i-MCAS yayingabhalwanga kahle ngokwedlulele, ngakho abashayeli bezindiza babengazi nje ngobukhona bayo (akukho lutho olubikiwe kubasebenzi lapho uhlelo lusebenza). Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba kwavela, uhlelo luthathe ukufundwa kwenzwa eyodwa kuphela. Kukholakala ukuthi wukusebenza okuyiphutha kwe-MCAS okwacekela phansi i-Indonesian Max ngo-Okthoba futhi kwaholela enhlekeleleni efanayo e-Ethiopia ngoMashi, okwathi ngemva kwalokho i-Boeing yaphoqeleka ukuthi imise ukukhiqizwa kwe-Boeing 737 Max.
Manje insiza egunyaziwe I-Wall Street Journal, icaphuna imithombo yayo, ibike ukuthi umkhiqizi wezindiza waseMelika ulungele ukuthumela izinguquko ezinkulu eziklanyelwe ukulungisa ukushiyeka kohlelo lwe-MCAS. Kodwa-ke, kusasele imibuzo mayelana nokuthi uhlelo olunjalo lwaqinisekiswa kanjani kwasekuqaleni. Owayeyinhloko ye-US National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) ukholelwa ukuthi ukuqinisekiswa kwezindiza e-US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) eminyakeni yamuva nje kwenziwa cishe ngabasebenzi babakhiqizi bezindiza ngokwabo, bengayinaki amaphutha.
Manje izindiza ze-737 Max azisebenzi emhlabeni jikelele, futhi izindiza zilahlekelwa ukulahlekelwa. I-FAA kubikwa ukuthi isivele inikeze imvume yokuqala yezinguquko ezihlongozwayo ze-Boeing, okufanele zivimbele izinhlekelele ezinkulu kangaka. Lokhu kufaka phakathi isibuyekezo sesofthiwe esizothambisa i-MCAS ukuze abashayeli bezindiza bakwazi ukusinqoba (kunokuba kube ngenye indlela). Ukubuyekezwa kuzodinga futhi ukuthi i-MCAS icabangele idatha evela kuzinzwa ezimbili, kunokuba kube eyodwa, okungenzeka ibe nephutha, njengoba kwenzeka enhlekeleleni ka-Okthoba.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Boeing izohlinzeka ngoqeqesho olwengeziwe kubashayeli bezindiza ukuze basebenzise indiza entsha, okwakungadingeki ekuqaleni. Phambilini i-FAA ithe i-737 Max inezici zokubamba ezifanayo nezindiza zomndeni ezindala ezingama-737 futhi ayidingi ukuqeqeshwa okwengeziwe kwabasebenzi. Manje i-FAA isolwa ngokungasebenzi okwaholela ekulimaleni kwamakhulu. Kodwa ngisho noma lezi zinguquko ekugcineni zigunyazwa, kuzothatha amasonto ambalwa ukuvuselela isofthiwe kuzo zonke izindiza ezikhiqizwayo nezinyanga ukuze ziphumelele ukuhlolwa. Futhi lokhu kuse-USA kuphela. Ozakwethu be-FAA eCanada kanye ne-European Union bazokwenza olwabo uphenyo, okuhlanganisa nesitifiketi se-FAA sendiza eyinkinga.
Sekukonke, i-Boeing manje ilahlekelwe kakhulu ngokwezimali kanye nesithunzi. Kuwebhusayithi yayo esemthethweni, inkampani ibika ukuthi i-737 Max iyindiza ethengiswa ngokushesha kakhulu emlandweni wayo: inkampani isivele ithole ama-oda angaba ngu-5000 avela kumakhasimende ayi-100 emhlabeni jikelele. Kwazi bani - mhlawumbe inkampani kuzofanele iqhubeke nokukhiqiza isizukulwane esedlule i-B737-NG, obekufanele siphele ekupheleni kwalo nyaka.
Source: 3dnews.ru