Bayan 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, kungiyoyi da yawa sun kalli DevOps a matsayin gwaji mai ban sha'awa maimakon ainihin hanyar haɓaka software. A yau, DevOps wani ingantaccen tsari ne mai ƙarfi na haɓakawa da ayyukan turawa da kayan aikin da ke haɓaka sabbin samfuran samfuran da haɓaka yawan aiki. Mafi mahimmanci, tasirin DevOps yana nufin haɓakar kasuwancin gaba ɗaya da riba.
tawagar Na fassara sassa mafi ban sha'awa , ƙwararrun masana a DevOps Research & Assessment (DORA) suka tattara. Binciken ya ƙunshi kwararru 31,000 daga ko'ina cikin duniya. Bari mu kalli abin da ya canza a cikin masana'antar a cikin 2019 da kuma yadda kasuwancin za su inganta ingantaccen isar da software.
Yadda Masana'antu da Girman Kamfanin Ya Shafi Jihar DevOps
Binciken ya gano babu wata alaƙa tsakanin tasirin DevOps da masana'antar ƙungiya, ban da tallace-tallace, inda sakamakon ya ɗan fi kyau. Wannan ya faru ne saboda, a wani ɓangare, ga buƙatar masu siyar da sauri don amsa canjin buƙatu da buƙatun abokin ciniki. Bisa ga binciken, kowane kamfani, ciki har da bangaren kudi da na jama'a, na iya cimma babban matakin DevOps.
Adadin tasirin DevOps ya yi ƙasa a cikin kamfanoni masu sama da ma'aikata 5000 fiye da na kamfanonin da ke da ƙasa da 5000. Wannan yana yiwuwa saboda manyan ƙungiyoyi waɗanda ke da manyan matakai, sarrafawa masu ƙarfi, da ƙarin hadaddun tsarin gine-ginen IT, waɗanda ke gabatar da jinkiri cikin haɓaka lambar da turawa. Masana sun yi imanin cewa girman kamfani ba ya hana nasarar gina DevOps; yana iya buƙatar ƙarin ƙoƙari a wasu lokuta.
Yadda ake tantance matakin DevOps a cikin kamfani
Masana sun kwatanta ayyukan DevOps tare da ma'auni, rarraba mahalarta binciken zuwa kungiyoyi hudu: mafi kyau, mai kyau, matsakaita, da matalauta.
Rahoton ya yi amfani da ma'auni huɗu masu mahimmanci don tantance ingancin DevOps: haɓakar software canza lokacin jagora, mitar turawa, ƙimar gazawa, da lokacin dawowa.
Matakai hudu na DevOps - tantance inda kamfanin ku ya tsaya:
Ma'auni don kimanta tasirin isar da software don ainihin sabis da aikace-aikacen kamfani
Ƙungiyoyin da mafi kyawun aiki
Ƙungiyoyi masu kyakkyawan aiki
Ƙungiyoyi masu matsakaicin aiki
Ƙungiyoyi masu ƙarancin maki
Mitar turawa
Sau nawa kamfani ke tura lamba don samarwa ko fitar da shi don ƙare masu amfani.
A kan buƙata, yawan turawa kowace rana
Daga sau ɗaya a rana zuwa sau ɗaya a mako
Daga sau ɗaya a mako zuwa sau ɗaya a wata
Sau ɗaya a wata/watanni da yawa
Lokaci don kammala canje-canje
Yaya tsawon lokacin da ake ɗauka don tafiya daga gwaji zuwa software da ke aiki cikin nasara wajen samarwa?
Cikin kasa da kwana daya
Daga rana daya zuwa mako guda
Daga mako daya zuwa wata daya
Daga wata daya zuwa wata shida
Lokacin dawo da sabis
Yaya tsawon lokacin da ake ɗauka don dawo da sabis bayan wani lamari ko kwaro da ke shafar masu amfani?
Kasa da awa daya
A cikin yini
A cikin mako
Daga mako daya zuwa wata
Yawan gazawar yayin canje-canje
Menene kashi na sabuntawa ko sabbin abubuwan da aka saki suna haifar da lalacewar sabis kuma suna buƙatar gyarawa.
0-15%
0-15%
0-15%
46-60%
Binciken ya gano yanayin da ke gaba: adadin ƙungiyoyin da ke da matakan yin babban aiki kusan ninki uku, yana ƙaruwa daga kashi 7% na duk waɗanda suka amsa a cikin 2018 zuwa 20% a cikin 2019.
Rarraba ƙungiyoyin ci gaba ta matakan aiki.
Idan aka kwatanta da ƙungiyoyi a cikin ƙungiyar masu ƙarancin aiki, ƙungiyoyin DevOps masu girma:
- An yi ƙarin tura lambar 208x.
- 106 sau ƙasa da lokacin da aka kashe akan tura lambar.
- Ya gaza sau 7 ƙasa da yawa.
- Farfadowar software bayan gazawar ya kasance sau 2,604 cikin sauri.
Bugu da ƙari, ƙungiyoyin DevOps masu girma suna da yuwuwar haɗuwa ko wuce ma'aunin aikin ƙungiyar su azaman ƙungiyoyi masu ƙarancin aiki.
Kwararru da yawa sun yi imanin cewa samun ci gaba a cikin duk ma'auni a lokaci guda ba zai yiwu ba, yana buƙatar daidaitawa. Misali, wasu sun yi imanin cewa haɓaka saurin fitowar na iya yin mummunan tasiri ga amincin isar da software da samar da sabis. Duk da haka, bincike ya nuna cewa saurin sakamako da kwanciyar hankali ba su bambanta da juna ba.
Ban ga wani abin mamaki ba a cikin ci gaban ƙungiyoyin DevOps; dabi'a ce: falsafar DevOps ta shahara a yanzu, kuma adadin masu farawa yana girma.
Amma, a ra'ayi na, ƙwararrun sun zaɓi ba daidaitattun sigogi ba don tantance tasirin DevOps.
Yin la'akari da shi ta hanyar saurin tura lambar yana da, aƙalla, m. Wannan ya shafi masu farawa ne kawai, inda saurin zuwa kasuwa shine ma'aunin ma'auni, kuma galibi ana fitar da samfurin a cikin ɗanyen sigar sa. A irin wannan yanayi, hanyoyin da ke hanzarta haɓakawa da isar da kayayyaki suna da mahimmanci. Amma ga ƙaƙƙarfan software, kamar kuɗi ko likita, ƙimar gazawar ƙila ba ta zama ma'auni ba— gazawar ƙila ba za a yarda da ita ba.
Haka yake don lokacin dawo da sabis: ga kowane sabis ɗin da aka haɓaka, yakamata a auna shi a cikin daƙiƙa, kuma don yawancin ayyuka, raguwar lokaci ba ta da karɓa. Saboda wannan dalili, an ƙirƙira fasahohin naɗawa marasa sumul (misali, kore/ shuɗi).
Hakanan, kar a dogara ga adadin tura lambar — ya dogara da buƙatu da ƙwarewar ƙungiyar haɓakawa. Idan turawa yana da alaƙa da ƙara sabbin ayyuka, wannan abu ɗaya ne, amma idan yana da alaƙa da gyara kurakuran da aka yi yayin turawar baya, wani abu ne daban.
Denis Romanenko, kwararre mai zaman kansa a Mail.ru Cloud Solutions
Yadda ake inganta ayyukan DevOps
Rahoton ya zayyana fannoni biyu da za su iya taimakawa inganta DevOps: haɓaka haɓakar haɓaka software da isarwa da haɓaka haɓakar ma'aikata.
Kowace hanya ta ƙunshi abubuwan da suka dace, ta hanyar ingantawa waɗanda za ku iya cimma burin da ake so.
A cewar rahoton, mabuɗin sauye-sauyen dijital shine al'adun kamfanoni. Ƙungiyoyin DevOps masu girma suna buƙatar al'adar amana da amincin tunani, fahimtar sakamakon aiki, da bayyanannun manufofin. Irin wannan yanayi yana bawa membobin ƙungiyar damar yanke shawara na gaskiya, bayyana ra'ayoyinsu, da kuma zama masu ƙirƙira.
Fasahar girgije, ci gaba da isarwa, gwajin dawo da bala'i, da gudanar da canji na iya taimakawa haɓaka haɓaka software da ingantaccen isarwa. Ana iya ƙara yawan haɓaka ta hanyar saka hannun jari a cikin kayan aiki masu sauƙi don amfani, rage bashin fasaha (watau rage yawan adadin lambobin da ba su da inganci da fasahar zamani), da kafa tushen ilimin kamfanoni da samun damar samun mafita na waje.
Na yi imani da tsarin DevOps da akida suna yin daidai game da sanya waɗannan matakai masu zaman kansu daga yanayin waje, kamar gajimare ko kayan aiki na asali. Girgizar kanta ba wani abu ba ne face kayan aiki; zai taimaka ta wasu hanyoyi, ya hana a wasu, ko kuma ba shi da amfani.
Denis Romanenko, kwararre mai zaman kansa a Mail.ru Cloud Solutions
A ƙasa za mu kalli wasu abubuwan da ke inganta haɓakar ƙungiyoyin DevOps.
Fasahar Cloud tana ba da gudummawa ga nasarar DevOps
A cikin 2019, ƙungiyoyi da yawa suna zaɓar mafita ga girgije waɗanda ke haɓaka haɓakar ƙungiyoyin DevOps sosai.
Wadanne kayan more rayuwa kungiyoyin DevOps ke amfani da su?
DORA ta gano cewa kashi 80% na masu amsa sun aika Duk da haka, kawai 29% na masu amsa sun aiwatar da dukkanin biyar na Cibiyar Ƙididdiga da Fasaha ta Ƙasashen Ƙididdigar Ƙididdigar Ƙirar girgije-mafi mahimmancin ma'auni don tantance ƙimar girgije a cikin DevOps.
Характеристика
Kashi na waɗanda suka yi amfani da shi
Sabis na kai akan buƙata
Masu amfani za su iya samar da albarkatun kwamfuta ta atomatik
kamar yadda ake bukata, ba tare da sa hannun mai bayarwa ba.
57%
(+ 11% tun 2018)
Faɗin isa ga hanyar sadarwa
Ana samun damar Cloud ta hanyar dandamali daban-daban,
kamar wayoyin hannu, kwamfutar hannu, kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka da wuraren aiki.
60%
(+ 14% tun 2018)
Tafkin albarkatu
Ana tattara albarkatun mai bayarwa zuwa ƙirar masu haya da yawa, inda aka sanya kayan aiki na zahiri da na zahiri akan buƙata.
58%
(+ 15% tun 2018)
Scalability da elasticity
Ma'auni na albarkatu a kwance ko a tsaye akan buƙata, ba su da iyaka, kuma ana iya samar da su a kowane adadi a kowane lokaci.
58%
(+135 tun daga 2018)
nuna gaskiya
Tsarin gajimare ta atomatik saka idanu, haɓakawa, da bayar da rahoton amfani da albarkatu dangane da nau'in sabis: ajiyar bayanai da sarrafawa, ƙarar zirga-zirga,
asusun mai amfani mai aiki.
62%
(+ 14% tun 2018)
Platform a matsayin Sabis (PaaS) yana ƙara matsawa zuwa ƙirar jigon jigon kwantena. Dandalin Cloud yana sauƙaƙe tura software, don haka ƙungiyoyi kawai suna buƙatar damuwa game da gudanar da lambar aikace-aikacen kanta. Ƙimar ƙima, tsara iya aiki, gudanarwa, da kuma kula da ababen more rayuwa kuma suna canzawa zuwa masu samarwa.
Masu samar da girgije suna zama ma'auni na duniya don samar da ayyuka iri-iri: cibiyoyin sadarwa na inji, ainihi da gudanarwa (IAM), ajiya da bayanai, koyan inji, Intanet na Abubuwa (IoT), mafita na akwati, mafita na tsaro, da sauransu.
Abokan ciniki na masu samar da girgije suna biya kawai don albarkatun da suke amfani da su, suna tabbatar da gaskiyar farashi, sabanin cibiyoyin bayanan gargajiya, inda bayanai kan farashin ci gaba ke da wahala ko ba za a iya samu ba. Masu ba da amsa daga kamfanonin da suka cika ka'idodin shirye-shiryen girgije da aka jera a sama suna da kusan sau 2,6 don kimanta farashin software, sau biyu suna iya fahimtar waɗanne aikace-aikacen ke cinye mafi yawan albarkatu, kuma sau 1,65 mafi kusantar zama cikin kasafin kuɗin IT.
Wani lokaci yana nuna cewa hayar ƙwararren ƙwararren da yin amfani da ƙarfin sadaukarwa a cikin cibiyar bayanai yana da tsada fiye da biyan kuɗi don lissafin girgije. Mafi kyawun zaɓi ya dogara da bayanan kamfani da sikelinsa, da kuma samun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun IT a cikin gida da ƙwarewa. Misali, girgijen yana dacewa lokacin fara kasuwanci ko kuma idan kamfani ba shi da sashen IT na cikin gida. Yayin da kamfani ke da ma'auni, yana iya zama mafi inganci-daidaitacce don kula da duk ko wani ɓangare na abubuwan more rayuwa a kan ginin.
Denis Romanenko, kwararre mai zaman kansa a Mail.ru Cloud Solutions
Ayyukan fasaha na DevOps
Ƙungiyoyi da yawa da ke neman aiwatar da DevOps suna neman saitin jagorori ko mafi kyawun ayyuka. Duk da haka, babu kamfanoni guda biyu da suka yi kama da juna, don haka zaɓin ayyuka ya dogara da yanayin kasuwancin yanzu da kuma manufofinsa.
Wannan ya ce, akwai sassan gabaɗaya waɗanda zasu iya taimakawa inganta haɓakar DevOps: an haɓaka wasu a matakin ƙungiyar, yayin da wasu ke buƙatar ƙoƙarin matakin ƙungiya.
Wadanne yankunan haɓaka ne aka haskaka don ƙungiyoyin DevOps a cikin 2019?
A matakin kungiya
- sassauka guda biyu gine
- aiwatar da canje-canje
- goyon bayan code
A matakin tawagar
- ci gaba da haɗin kai
- gwada sarrafa kansa
- tura aiki ta atomatik
- saka idanu
- bututun ci gaba
A matakin kungiya da kungiya
- ta amfani da sabis na girgije
- gwajin dawo da bala'i
Binciken ya tabbatar da ingantaccen tasirin gine-ginen da ba a kwance ba akan ingancin DevOps.
Tsarin gine-ginen da ba a kwance ba yana ba ƙungiyoyi damar gwada kansu, turawa, da canza tsarin bisa buƙata, masu zaman kansu ba tare da ƙarin tallafi, albarkatu, ko yarda ba, kuma tare da ƙarancin ra'ayi. Wannan yana ba da damar yin aiki mafi girma, amma yana buƙatar babban matakin tsari da gudanarwa.
Wannan hanya mai yiwuwa ne kawai don farawa kuma tare da wasu fa'idodi. Wasu kamfanoni na iya samun yanayi daban-daban. Kyakkyawan misali shine banki / fintech. Za su iya amfani da mafita na mallakar su na musamman, amma za a yi amfani da ayyukan DevOps.
Denis Romanenko, kwararre mai zaman kansa a Mail.ru Cloud Solutions
Ƙungiyoyin DevOps masu nasara suna sarrafa komai.
yana ba ku damar kawo ayyuka da aikace-aikace cikin samarwa tare da rage farashi da kasada, da kiyaye fitar da su daidai da manufofin ƙungiyar.
Nasarar CI/CD kuma yana nufin ƙungiyoyi za su iya tura canje-canje ga samarwa akan buƙata, karɓar ra'ayoyin kai tsaye game da ingancin turawa, da kuma hanzarta aiwatar da shi don haɓaka sake zagayowar turawa na gaba.
Rahoton ya nuna cewa ƙungiyoyin DevOps masu nasara suna saka hannun jari a cikin matakai daban-daban na tallafi, ayyuka, da kayan aikin:
- 92% suna amfani da kayan aikin taro na atomatik;
- 87% na amfani da gwajin naúrar sarrafa kansa;
- 57% ƙara aiki da kai zuwa gwajin karɓa;
- 72% ƙaddamarwa ta atomatik don gwada yanayin, 69% suna yin haka don ƙaddamar da samarwa;
- Kashi 69% na haɗe chatbots cikin tsarin tura su;
- 57% haɗe tare da kayan aikin sa ido.
Yana da mahimmanci don zaɓar kayan aiki da fasaha masu dacewa
Lokacin gina hadaddun tsarin da sarrafa muhimman ababen more rayuwa na kasuwanci, yana da mahimmanci a zaɓi fasahohi:
- waɗanda suke da sauƙin amfani duka lokacin da aka haɗa da farko kuma a cikin ci gaba da aiki;
- wanda ke taimakawa wajen cimma burin da aka sa gaba.
Rahoton ya yi nazarin kayan aikin da aka yi amfani da su a cikin ƙaddamar da software ta hanyar CI / CD da kuma gwada kayan aiki na atomatik - fasahar da ke samar da tushe na DevOps.
Wadanne fasahohi ne ƙungiyoyin DevOps suke amfani da su?
da fasaha
Ƙungiyoyi masu ƙarancin maki
Ƙungiyoyi masu matsakaicin aiki
Ƙungiyoyi masu kyakkyawan aiki
Ƙungiyoyi masu girma
Haɗin mallakar mallaka, buɗaɗɗen tushe, da samfuran akwati na kasuwanci
30%
34%
32%
33%
Galibi buɗaɗɗen madogara da mafita na musamman na akwatin
17%
8%
7%
10%
Galibi buɗaɗɗen tushe da mafita na akwatin tare da ƙananan gyare-gyare
14%
21%
18%
20%
Da farko, ƙwanƙwasa mafita na kasuwanci
8%
12%
8%
4%
Ci gaban ciki da mafita na mallakar kamfani
20%
6%
5%
6%
Da farko, buɗe tushen tare da gyare-gyare mai ƙarfi
6%
7%
5%
12%
Ainihin buɗe tushen tare da ɗan gyare-gyare
5%
12%
24%
15%
Amfani da kayan aiki yana tasiri sosai ga ikon ƙungiyar don haɓaka ƙimar tarin fasaha da aka zaɓa: injiniyoyi masu sauƙin amfani da fasaha sun fi sau 1,5 kasancewa cikin ƙungiyoyi masu tasowa.
A ganina, wannan tebur yana ba da ra'ayi cewa don zama ƙungiyar DevOps mai nasara, kuna buƙatar bin salon, ba aikin fasaha ba.
Kwararren ƙwararren yana zaɓar kayan aiki don dacewa da aikin, ba akasin haka ba. A koyaushe akwai kayan aiki da hanyoyi da yawa don magance kowace matsala. An ƙayyade takamaiman kayan aiki ta hanyar: ƙayyadaddun aikin; Sanin ma'aikatan tare da kayan aiki (yadda girman shingen shigarwa idan kayan aiki sabo ne); da bangaren kudi, idan akwai.
Denis Romanenko, kwararre mai zaman kansa a Mail.ru Cloud Solutions
Farfadowa da bala'i
Duk kungiyar da aikinta ya dogara da aikin software dole ne ta kasance Rahoton ya nuna nau'ikan gwajin juriya da bala'i da kamfanoni daban-daban ke amfani da su.
Wadanne nau'ikan gwaji ne kamfanoni ke amfani da su don dawo da bala'i?
Nau'in gwaji
Ƙungiyoyi masu ƙarancin maki
Ƙungiyoyi masu matsakaicin aiki
Ƙungiyoyi masu kyakkyawan aiki
Ƙungiyoyi masu girma
Matsakaici
Gwaje-gwajen da ba su ƙunshi tsarin gaske ba
35%
26%
27%
30%
28%
Rashin gazawar ababen more rayuwa (ciki har da cibiyoyin bayanai)
27%
43%
34%
38%
38%
Gwajin gazawar aikace-aikacen
25%
46%
41%
49%
43%
Kwaikwayo abubuwan da suka shafi rushewar tsarin gwaji
18%
22%
23%
29%
23%
Kwaikwayo abubuwan da suka shafi rushewar tsarin aiki
18%
11%
12%
13%
12%
Ƙirƙirar sarrafa kansa da tsarin da ke karya
tsarin samarwa akai-akai, mai gudana
9%
8%
7%
9%
8%
Kashi 40% kawai na masu amsa suna gudanar da gwajin dawo da bala'i kowace shekara ta amfani da ɗaya ko fiye na hanyoyin da ke sama. Koyaya, kamfanonin da ke gudanar da gwaje-gwajen dawo da bala'i suna da wadatar sabis mafi girma. Rahoton ya nuna cewa ƙungiyoyin DevOps tare da babban aiki suna da sau 1.4 mafi kusantar haɗa bayanan gwajin dawo da bala'i a cikin haɓaka software da hanyoyin tura su.
Yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da cewa ƙungiyoyin DevOps sun sami damar samun bayanai
Samun bayanai cikin sauƙi don magance matsalolin zai taimaka wajen kiyaye yawan aikin ƙungiyar DevOps. Wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman a cikin yanayin fasaha na yau, wanda ya ƙunshi tsarin hadaddun.
Ana iya raba tushen waɗannan bayanan zuwa rukuni biyu:
- Tushen ciki: Takaddun kamfani akan ƙirƙira da kiyaye lambobin, sansanonin ilimin kamfanoni, wuraren ajiya, da ƙari. Ƙungiyoyin DevOps waɗanda suka yi amfani da tushen ilimin cikin gida sun fi ƙarfin sau 1,73.
- Tushen wajeInjin bincike da faɗaɗa tari. Ƙungiyoyin DevOps waɗanda suka ba da aikinsu sun fi ƙarfin sau 1,67. Outsourcing yana ba da fa'idodin ilmantarwa da haɓaka, musamman ta hanyar amfani da gajimare na jama'a da kayan aikin buɗe tushen.
Yana da mahimmanci ga kamfanoni su rage bashin fasaha
Bashin fasaha ya haɗa da lamba ko tsarin tare da sanannun kwari amma ba a gyara su ba; rashin isasshen gwajin gwaji; lambar mara kyau ko ƙirar ƙira; kayan tarihi da ba a amfani da su amma ba a cire su ba; aiwatarwa waɗanda ƙungiyar ba za ta iya kula da su yadda ya kamata ba; fasahar zamani; da takardun da ba su cika ko tsufa ba.
Masana sun gano cewa bashin fasaha yana yin tasiri mara kyau ga aikin DevOps. Ƙungiyoyin da ke da babban bashin fasaha sun kasance sau 1,6 ƙasa da wadata. Ƙungiyoyin da suka yi girma sun kasance sau 1,4 mafi kusantar samun ƙananan bashi na fasaha.
Mahimmin binciken daga yanayin binciken DevOps
- Adadin ƙungiyoyin DevOps masu babban maki ya kusan ninka sau uku zuwa 20%. Wannan yana nuna cewa 'yan kasuwa sun fahimci yuwuwar ayyuka don haɓaka haɓaka software da bayarwa, kuma kamfanoni suna ƙara aiwatar da DevOps a sassan IT ɗin su.
- Isar da aikace-aikacen da sauri cikin sauri shine tushen canjin fasaha da aikin ƙungiya. Gudun sauri da daidaito a cikin sakewa yana ƙara riba da gamsuwar abokin ciniki.
- Fasahar Cloud ta kasance mabuɗin don samun babban sakamako ga ƙungiyoyin DevOps. Ƙididdigar Cloud yana ba da damar isar da software a daidai gudun da ya dace kuma yana tabbatar da samuwa na kayan aiki, haɓakawa, da aiki.
- Ana iya inganta tasirin ƙungiyoyin DevOps ta hanyar mai da hankali kan haɓaka aikin membobin ƙungiyar, tabbatar da yanayi mai daɗi na tunani, da amfani da kayan aikin abokantaka.
- Lokacin da aka yi daidai, haɓaka saurin fitowar fitowar ba zai shafi zaman lafiyar sabis da aikace-aikacen kamfani ba.
source: www.habr.com
