Sabuwar Shekara tana zuwa, ba na son yin tunani game da aiki mai tsanani kuma.
Kowane mutum yana ƙoƙari ya yi ado da wani abu don hutu: gida, ofis, wurin aiki ... Bari mu yi ado da wani abu kuma! Misali, saurin layin umarni. Har ila yau, layin umarni ma wurin aiki ne.
A wasu rabon an riga an “kawata”:
A wasu, launin toka ne kuma ba a iya gani:
Kuma za mu iya yin, misali, kamar haka:
Tabbas, duk alamomi suna da dandano da launuka daban-daban. Idan irin wannan launi yana da alama kuma bai dace da ku ba, to ku sani cewa wannan ra'ayi yana da hakkin rayuwa. Kuma idan kuna son ƙara ɗan ƙaramin ruhun Sabuwar Shekara, karanta don ɗan gajeren labarin Sabuwar Shekara daga Cloud4Y.
Da farko, zan bayyana yadda fitarwar tashar ta kasance "launi." Ana yin wannan ta amfani da jerin tserewa. Ko fiye daidai, jerin lambobin sarrafawa na tashar ANSI/VT100. Wanne ta atomatik yana nufin cewa dole ne mai amfani da tashar ku ya goyi bayan wannan ma'auni, in ba haka ba mu'ujiza ta Sabuwar Shekara ba za ta faru ba. Kuma eh, $SHELL ana tsammanin shine bash ɗin ku.
Ana kiran waɗannan umarni jerin tserewa saboda a farkon kowannensu akwai halin ASCII "tsuwa". Akwai jerin sarrafawa da yawa, kuma suna ba da izini, alal misali, don nuna saitunan tasha, sarrafa nuni da motsi na siginan kwamfuta, canza font, sharewa da ɓoye rubutu. Za mu zaɓi ɗaya daga kowane iri-iri iri-iri - canza launi na rubutu da bango.
Yi jerin lambobin *ESC*[{attr1};...;{attrn}m
A matsayin alama gudun hijira ana amfani da sifarsa ta octal, wato 33. Dangane da sifofi, ga ɗan gajeren jeri na yuwuwar ƙimar:
0 Sake saita duk halayen
1 Haskaka (ƙarin haske)
2 Dim
4 Ƙarfafa ƙima
5 Kifta ido
7 Juya baya
8 Boye (ɓoye rubutu)
Launuka na gaba (launi na alƙalami, ana nuna rubutu a cikin wannan launi):
30 Baki
31 Ja
32 Kore
33 Yellow
34 Blue
35 Magenta (magenta)
36 Cyan (blue)
37 Fari
Launukan bango (launi na takarda, ko launi na bango):
40 Baki
41 Ja
42 Kore
43 Yellow
44 Blue
45 Magenta (magenta)
46 Cyan (blue)
47 Fari
Lura cewa idan yanzu kun yi oda a cikin tashar: echo 33[0;31mнекоторый текст 33[0m’
Sannan za a iya tsinkaya samun monochrome gobbledygook a fitarwa:
Me yasa? Domin ya zama dole a yi amfani da ci-gaban iyawar umarnin echo. Ya isa ƙara maɓalli ɗaya: echo -e ‘ 33[0;31mнекоторый текст 33[0m’
Fitowar za ta yi kyau yanzu:
Mun tsara canza launin kayan fitarwa zuwa tasha. Yanzu bari mu ga yadda ake canza umarnin umarni.
Ana yin wannan ta canza canjin PS1. Mai canzawa yana da alhakin saurin layin umarni. Hakanan ana iya canza kamanninsa, gami da yin amfani da jerin tserewa. Amma akwai ɗan bambanci: kuna buƙatar fara jerin tare da alamar "[", kuma ya ƙare da alamar"]”, in ba haka ba za a fitar da shi zuwa tashar.
Dukkan jerin umarni masu yiwuwa an bayyana su dalla-dalla a cikin littafin bash, don haka ina gayyatar masu karatu su zaɓi wa kansu abin da suka fi son gani a saurin layin umarni. A matsayin misali, zan ba da ƙima ta don canjin PS1:
[ 33[34;1m]t[ 33[0m],[ 33[32m]u@l@h[ 33[0m]:[ 33[33m]W[ 33[0m],[ 33
[31m]![ 33[0m]$n
Zan warware wannan mugun sihiri:
[33[34;1m] - kunna launin shuɗi mai haske (sifa ta biyu) launin rubutu
t – Nuna lokaci na yanzu a cikin HH: MM: SS
[33[0m] – sake saita saitunan launi na font
, - waƙafi kawai (ba zato ba tsammani, daidai?)
[33[32m] - kunna koren font launi
ku @l @h – Nuna sunan mai amfani, lambar na’urar tasha da gajeriyar sunan mai watsa shiri, wanda alamar “@” ta rabu
[33[0m] - sake saita saitunan launi na font
: - kawai colon (kwatsam!)
[33[33m] - kunna launin launin rawaya
W – Nuna sunan kundin adireshi na yanzu
[33[0m] - sake saita saitunan launi na font
, - wani waƙafi (wanda zai yi tunani!)
[33[31m] - kunna launin rubutun ja
! - Nuna lambar umarni a cikin tasha
[33[0m] - kar a manta da sake saita saitunan launi na font
$ - buga "#" don tushen da "$" ga kowa da kowa
n - fassarar layi. Don me? Domin umarnin ya fara a gefen hagu na taga, maimakon a ƙarshen layin umarni.
Inda za a sake siffanta mai canzawa? Mafi ma'ana wurin yin wannan shine ~/.bashrc.
Bayyanar gayyatar yana iyakance kawai ta tunanin ku. A ka'ida, babu abin da zai hana ku yin saurin layin umarni a cikin hanyar bishiyar Kirsimeti ta amfani da kayan aikin da aka bayyana a sama. Gaskiya ne, irin wannan gayyata za ta kasance da wahala sosai, kuma aikin ba zai zama mafi dacewa ba. Ana iya nuna bishiyar Kirsimeti a sama da saurin layin umarni lokacin shiga (har yanzu muna buƙatar gyara ~/.bashrc). Ku tafi don shi! Kuma na gode da kulawar ku.
Me kuma za ku iya karantawa akan blog?
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source: www.habr.com