(Muna ci gaba da jerin kasidu daga tarihin jami'armu mai suna "Red Hogwarts" a yau - game da farkon rayuwar daya daga cikin dalibanmu biyu da aka binne a bangon Kremlin)
An haifi Avramy Pavlovich Zavenyagin a cikin kararrawa a ranar Easter mai haske, 1 ga Afrilu, abu iri ɗaya ne ga kusan dukkanin jarumai na a 1901. Hakan ya faru ne a tashar jirgin kasa ta Uzlovaya da ke yankin Tula. An haife shi a cikin iyalin Locomotive direba Pavel Ustinovich Zavenyagin, kuma shi ne na tara da na karshe yaro.
Ya sami sunansa da ba kasafai ba - Avramiy - godiya ga mashahurin "Kalandar Sytin", wanda ya bayyana cewa 1 ga Afrilu ita ce ranar shahidi mai tsarki Avramiy. Daga baya, ta hanyar kokarin jami'an fasfo, na biyu harafin "a" ya shiga cikin sunan, godiya ga abin da mu gwarzo 'ya'yan ƙare tare da daban-daban patronymics: dansa Yuliya Avramievich duk rayuwarsa, da 'yar - Evgenia Avramievna.
A cikin babban iyali, duk da haka, ba su damu da adadin haruffa ba kuma sun kira na ƙarshe kawai Avraney.
Amma wannan bai daɗe ba.
Kusan duk rayuwarsa Avramiy Pavlovich aka kira Avramiy Pavlovich, wannan aka lura da duk memoirists. Kullum suna waya. Ko a lokacin yana dalibin shekarar farko.
Abin da abokin karatunsa ya rubuta ke nan : "Abrahamiy Pavlovich Zavenyagin shi ne tsohon sakataren kwamitin; sunansa ko da yaushe, har ma a lokacin karatunsa, Abram Pavlovich.". Wani tsohon dalibin Kwalejin Ma’adinai, masanin ilmin kasa Leonid Gromov ya yi masa raddi: “Ban tuna wani ya kira shi da sunansa ba, sai Abram Palych. Ban tuna cewa wani daga cikin daliban, sai shi, an kira su da sunan farko da sunan ubangida. ... Kuma hakan ya faru da kanta, ba tare da korafe-korafe ko tsokana daga gare shi ba.
Gaskiyar da ke biye kuma tana da ban sha'awa. Avramiy Pavlovich kansa, kamar yadda al'ada a cikin dangin sarki, ya kira iyayensa "ku" duk rayuwarsa. Babu wani abu na musamman game da wannan, ba shakka. Abin da ya fi mamaki shi ne cewa daga wani lokaci, Pavel Ustinovich ba zato ba tsammani ya fara "ƙi" ƙaramin ɗansa, don haka sun nuna girmamawa ga juna na shekaru da yawa.
Kamar yadda diyar jarumar tamu ta ce, ‘yan uwa sun so su tuna da labarin yadda kakan ya samu labarin nadin dansa a matsayin darakta na Magnitka, wanda shi ne babban wurin gine-gine a kasar a lokacin, inda gidajen rediyo da jaridu ke ta yawo. daga safe zuwa maraice, nan da nan ya zo Moscow. "Ya yi farin ciki sosai, ya daɗe yana jinkiri kuma duk da haka ya tambayi ɗansa balagagge guda ɗaya, amma tambaya mai mahimmanci:
"Abramy, za ka iya rike wannan aikin?"
Pavel Ustinovich Zavenyagin
An yi bayanin duk waɗannan abubuwan ban mamaki a sauƙaƙe - Avramiy Palych yana da ƙwarewa ta musamman.
Wasu mutane a zahiri ana ba su cikakkiyar farati, yayin da wasu suna da baiwar muryar da ba ta buƙatar ma a “samuwa”. Na uku bai taba shiga wasanni ba tun lokacin haihuwa, amma an ba shi karfi mai ban mamaki tun daga haihuwa - Na ga irin wadannan mutane. Kuma Avramiy Pavlovich aka bai a lokacin haihuwa ikon iya sarrafa mutane da kuma warware matsalolin da aka sanya.
Avramy Pavlovich Zavenyagin ya kasance manaja da yardar Allah.
Na tuna cewa mahaliccin Solidarity na Poland, Lech Walesa, sau da yawa ana kiransa "dabba na siyasa" don basirarsa ta asali a matsayin dan siyasa. A wannan yanayin, Zavenyagin ya kasance "dabba mai kulawa" - babu wanda ya fi shi da zai iya magance matsalar da aka ba a hanya mafi kyau, yayin amfani da albarkatun da ake da su a hanya mafi inganci. Ba daidai ba ne cewa Zavenyagin ya fi so faɗin duk rayuwarsa shine kalmomin mawaƙin Baratynsky:
"Bayarwa umarni ne, kuma dole ne a cika shi, duk da wani cikas."
Wannan baiwa ta bayyana kanta a farkon samartaka, lokacin da ya yi karatu a wani real makaranta a garin Skopin, makwabta Uzlovaya. Kamar duk na jarumawa, Zavenyagin zo juyin juya hali da wuri - ya zama memba na Bolshevik Party yana da shekaru 16, nan da nan bayan juyin juya halin, a watan Nuwamba 1917.
Kuma, da zarar ya shiga, ya ɗauki aikin ƙungiya kamar agwagwa ga ruwa.
Dare da rana yana gudanar da ayyukan liyafa a Tula, Uzlovaya, Skopin da Ryazan. Daga nan aka fara yakin basasa. Kuma sai matashin editan jaridar Ryazan Izvestia ya rubuta wa 'yar'uwar Maria:
"A ranar Talata zan je gaba ko zuwa Moscow don kwasa-kwasan umarni. Babu wata hanyar fita. Kolchak, tsine, danna kan. Ka kwantar da hankalin iyalinka. Zan kara rubuta wani lokaci. Idan mahaifiyata ta yanke shawarar zuwa gare ni, yi min magana daga ciki. Ina yi muku fatan alheri."
Kamar yadda ka sani, babu inda mutane ke girma da sauri kamar yaƙi. Zavenyagin mai shekaru 18 ya kawo karshen yakin basasa a matsayin Kanar a matsayin shugaban sashen siyasa na sashin soja na Ryazan, kuma bayan an wargaza yankin, jam'iyyar ta aika da matashin kwamishinan zuwa aikin jam'iyyar a Donbass - "dukkanin - stoker na Rasha."
***
Yankunan da suka sami nasu sunan suna da matuƙar ƙin rabuwa da shi.
Donbass ba banda.
Donbass ko da yaushe kama Donbass - duka a cikin shekaru goma na karni na XNUMXst, da kuma a cikin nineties na XXth karni, kuma a cikin ashirin na wannan karni na XXth. A kowane lokaci kuma a ƙarƙashin kowane tsarin mulki, har yanzu akwai matakan tudu iri ɗaya, ɓangarorin sharar gida iri ɗaya, da kuma sanannen sanannen “Yaran Donetsk smart.”
Bangare na ƙarshe yana da kyau musamman a cikin 20s na ƙarni na ashirin. A lokacin yakin basasa, wani cikakken mahaukata yana faruwa a cikin ƙasa na Donbass - Bolsheviks, White Guards-Kaledinians, "masu zaman kansu" na Central Rada, Bolsheviks sake, amma wannan lokaci na Donetsk-Krivoy Rog Jamhuriyar, lop-masu gashi Haidamaks. , Sich Riflemen da Cossacks na UPR sun zagaya cikin wannan yanki, suna maye gurbin juna cikin rudani. , 'yan tawaye na anarcho-kwaminisanci, Denikin's Mai-Maevsky, Jan bindiga reshen Antonov-Ovseenko, Makhnovist Revolutionary 'yan tawayen sojojin Ukraine, Wrangelites ...
Ataman na Gaydamak Kosh na Sloboda Ukraine E.I. Volokh
Jama'ar yankin sun dan fusata da duk wannan hargitsi kuma suka yanke shawarar kada su tsaya a gefe.
Kusan kowane ƙauye mai mutunta kansa ya kafa nasa dakarun kare kansa, waɗanda ake kira da “gungun” da wasu uba-ataman ke jagoranta. Mafi sau da yawa, irin wannan tsari yana sarrafa nasa yanki, amma a wani lokaci ba sa musun kansu jin daɗin jita-jita ta cikin kwandon makwabta. Ba za a iya ƙididdige adadin irin waɗannan ƙungiyoyin ba, akwai dubbai daga cikinsu, sun bayyana kuma sun ɓace, wani lokaci suna taruwa cikin ƙawancen ƙawance kawai don tarwatse a kowane lokaci.
A cikin 1920, lokacin da aka aika Zavenyagin don kafa ikon Soviet a cikin Donbass, gidan mahaukaci yana ci gaba da tafiya. Yawancin biranen Donbass suna ƙarƙashin ikon Bolshevik, a cikin Volnovakha da Mariupol - ta Wrangelites, Starobelsk yana ƙarƙashin ikon Makhnovists.
A lokaci guda kuma, babu wutar lantarki a wajen manyan wuraren da jama'a ke da yawa, sai dai waɗancan “zaman” na yankin da ke da bindigu da aka yi da zakka da aka taru cikin ƙungiyoyi marasa adadi.
Amma tare da Makhnovists, a matsayin taimako ga Bolsheviks, "Old Belye yarjejeniyoyi" aka kammala, bisa ga abin da "ja" Bolsheviks da "baƙar fata" anarchists - mabiyan Uba Nestor - sun kafa wani ɗan lokaci ƙawance tsara don fitar da fitar Wrangelists "fararen fata" na akida daga Donbass. Don haka masu goyon bayan zabin gurguzu za su ci gaba da yakar juna da sanin ya kamata.
Hedkwatar rundunar 'yan tawaye ta Makhnovist ta tattauna aikin kayar da Wrangelites, Starobelsk, 1920.
Duk da haka, Zavenyagin dauki kadan bangare a cikin fadace-fadace, ya yafi yi aiki da sana'a - a matsayin manajan. Domin yaki yaki ne, amma babban aikin ko kadan ba shine halakar da gungun da ba su mutu ba. Donbass a waɗannan shekarun shine babban tushen man fetur na ƙasar. Kuma shi ne maido da hakar kwal shi ne babban fifiko. Duk masu hakar ma'adinan da suka cancanta a ƙarƙashin shekaru 50 an tattara su a cikin Rundunar Ma'aikata ta Ukraine da aka kirkira, da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun fasaha - har zuwa shekaru 65. A watan Yuni 1920, Yuzovsky jaridar "Dictatorship of Labor" ya rubuta:
“Aikinmu na gaba shi ne ci gaba da aiwatar da aikin daukar ma’aikata... Tattalin arzikin duk wani abu da ba na aiki ba...Babu wurin da za a iya kamuwa da cutar korona a cikin jamhuriyar ma’aikata.
Ana harbe su ko kuma a kasa su a manyan duwatsun niƙa na aiki.”
Damuwarmu mai sauki ce, damuwarmu ita ce:
Zan zauna a ƙasarmu kuma ba ni da wata damuwa.
Da dusar ƙanƙara, da iska, da taurari da dare.
Zuciyata ta kira ni zuwa nesa da damuwa.
Kuma a cikin Donbass, Zavenyagin, kamar yadda suke faɗa, "yana ƙarƙashin sihirin shaidan." Saboda hazakarsa na dabi'a, yana yin ƙwararren sana'a kuma cikin sauri ya girma cikin matsayi da matsayi.
Gaskiya ne, wani abu ya faru - yana can, a cikin Donbass, cewa Zavenyagin ya sami hukuncin farko da kawai hukunci da hukunci mai tsanani: a cikin 1920, Kotun Juyin Juya Hali ta XIII Army ta yanke masa hukuncin shekaru 15 don ƙaura daga birnin. Yuzovka, yanzu Donetsk. Gaskiya ne, a zahiri ya yi aiki ba shekaru 15 ba, amma kwanaki da yawa, bayan haka an soke hukuncin, kuma an sake gyara wanda aka yanke masa hukunci ta hanyar ƙuduri na Hukumar Kula da Tsakiya ta RCP (b).
Yuzovsky Metallurgical Plant. 1918
A can, a Donbass, kwamishinan ya juya a hankali ya zama jami'i:
Avramiy Pavlovich zama, a halin yanzu terminology, shugaban gwamnatin na daban-daban birane. Kuma ba kanana ba. Nan da nan da ya isa Donbass, a watan Fabrairun 1920, ya zama shugaban kwamitin juyin juya hali na gundumomi a kwanan nan da aka fi sani da Donbass birnin Slavyansk, kuma a watan Satumba ya koma Yuzovka sakataren kwamitin jam'iyyar gundumar.
Tare da kuɗinmu - magajin garin Donetsk. Kuma wannan a cikin shekaru 19!
Duk da haka, kamar yadda Zavenyagin na zamani Alexander Kozachinsky daga baya ya rubuta a cikin littafin "The Green Van": "Ya kasance dan shekara goma sha takwas kacal, amma a wancan lokacin mutane na iya mamakin komai sai matasa.".
Don bayyana aƙalla ɗan girmamawa, Zavenyagin yana girma gashin-baki na salo na zamani, wanda a yau ake kira "Hitler-style." Kamar dai a cikin ramuwar gayya ga wannan, Fatum mai mugunta nan da nan ya "taimaka" ya kara girma - tun yana da shekaru 20, sakatare na kwamitin ya fara yin gashi.
Kamar и , Zavenyagin ba shi da cikakken buƙatar gaggawa zuwa Moscow, duk abin da yake da kyau tare da shi a wurinsa. Avramiy Pavlovich nan da nan ya zama abokai tare da 'yan gurguzu na gida kuma ya sami abokai na gaskiya da kuma amintattun abokai a cikin Donbass, wanda zai zama da amfani a gare shi fiye da sau ɗaya a rayuwa.
Babban abokin Avramiy na shekaru da yawa shi ne shugaban gundumar ma'aikata Tit Korzhikov, wanda tare da shi ya jagoranci kwamitin gundumar Yuzovsky.
Bari matsala bayan matsala ta tsorata ni da ku,
Amma abotata da ku mutuwa ce kawai za ta ɗauke ni.
Da dusar ƙanƙara, da iska, da taurari da dare.
Zuciyata ta kira ni zuwa nesa da damuwa.
Anan akwai hoton jagorancin Yuzovka a lokacin - Korzhikov a tsakiya, zuwa hagunsa - Zavenyagin.
Tare da Titus dole ne su bi ta Crimea da Roma - to, ba zai yiwu ba ba tare da shi ba. Kamar yadda na riga na fada, Donbass a cikin 20s ya kasance mai matukar tunawa da Donbass a cikin 90s - wani yanki ne na yankunan da ƙungiyoyi da yawa ke sarrafawa da ke da dangantaka mai rikitarwa da juna.
Kuma muhimmancin kowace ƙungiya yana da adadin mayaƙan da za ta iya sakawa, don haka daga lokaci zuwa lokaci suna fita “domin su goyi bayan abokansu.”
Alal misali, "Ukomovskys", wanda Zavenyagin nasa, duk da high m matsayi, lokaci-lokaci ya tambayi jam'iyyar kungiyar na Yuzov fasaha makaranta. Kuma wadannan mayaka, wadanda suka shahara a Yuzovka, sun kasance karkashin jagorancin wani matashi mai suna Nikita, wanda ya dawo daga yakin basasa, mai suna Khrushchev.
Af, bai bar siffar "yaro mai hankali" na dogon lokaci ba, nan gaba "manomin masara" (hagu) tare da abokai a hutu a Kislovodsk a farkon 30s.
Kuma a nan yana da muhimmanci a fahimci wani nuance - ko da yake a hukumance Khrushchev ya kasance ƙarƙashin Zavenyagin, ainihin dangantakar da ke tsakanin kwamitin lardin da ƙungiyoyin jam'iyyar na birnin ba dangantaka ce tsakanin maigidan da ma'aikata ba, amma tsakanin ubangiji da ba da izini ba. vassal.
Bayan da aka haɗa kai, "vassals" na iya samun sauƙin hambarar da "babban", abin da ya faru da magajin Zavenyagin, Konstantin Moiseenko.
Ga yadda Khrushchev da kansa ya yi magana game da shi a cikin abubuwan tunawa:
Zavenyagin shine sakataren kwamitin jam'iyyar gunduma. Sa’ad da na sauke karatu daga sashen ma’aikata, Moiseenko ya zama sakataren kwamitin gunduma (sannan suka ƙaura daga gundumomi zuwa gundumomi). <…> A cikin Afrilu 1925, taron Jam'iyyar XIV ya buɗe. An zabe ni daga ƙungiyar jam'iyyar Yuzovsky. Moiseenko ("Kostyan", kamar yadda muka kira shi), wanda na riga na ambata ne ya jagoranta. Ya kasance dalibin da bai kammala karatun likitanci ba, ƙwararren mai magana ne kuma mai tsara tsari. An bambanta shi da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙwaƙƙwaran ɗan bourgeois, kuma haɗin gwiwarsa da tawagarsa kusan NEPman ne. Don haka daga baya muka cire shi daga sakatarorin.
Af, Khrushchev kuma ya bayyana hali na "Donetskites" jagorancin "Kostyan" a taron jam'iyyar a Moscow quite gaskiya:
Kuma sai muka zauna a Karetny Row, a cikin House of Soviets (wanda ake kira shi). Mun zauna a sauƙaƙe, akwai bunks a wurin, kuma mu, kamar yadda suke faɗa, muna kwana a kansu. Na tuna cewa a wancan lokacin Postyshev, da alama, sakataren jam'iyyar Kharkov, ya isa tare da matarsa, kuma, a jere, ya kwanta tare da mu, kuma matarsa ta kwana a can, kusa da mu. Wannan ya haifar da barkwanci game da Postyshev. Dukanmu matasa ne a lokacin.
Gabaɗaya, ya zama kamar cewa duk abin da Zavenyagin ya kasance mai kyau da ƙaddara don shekaru masu zuwa.
Sana’a tana tafiya yadda ya kamata, aikin yana da ban sha’awa, ’yan aiki na suna girmama ni, kuma manyana suna da kyau. Har ila yau, wata amarya ta bayyana, kyakkyawa a cikin gida Maria Rozhkova, wanda ya hadu da ita a wani gangami don tunawa da ma'aikatan jam'iyyar da 'yan fashi na shahararren Ataman Moskalevsky, wanda aka fi sani da "Yashka the Golden hakori." Al'amurra sun yi ta ci gaba da tafiya kan daurin auren...
Maria Rozhkova
Kuma kamar kowa a rayuwa, za ku hadu da soyayya wata rana.
Tare da ku, kamar ku, za ta yi ƙarfin hali ta shiga cikin hadari.
Da dusar ƙanƙara, da iska, da taurari da dare.
Zuciyata ta kira ni zuwa nesa da damuwa.
Amma, kamar yadda kuka sani, mutum ya ba da shawara, amma Allah yana da iko. Fadeev da Tevosyan sun samu tartsatsi daga taron jam'iyyar. Wani labari mai ban sha'awa ya faru da Zavenyagin.
Lokacin da na ce halin da ake ciki a cikin Donbass a cikin 20s yana tunawa da Donbass a cikin 90s, ya kamata a fahimci cewa ban da kamanceceniya, akwai kuma bambance-bambance na asali. ’Yan’uwan 90s sun raba gidajen mai da kasuwanni, wato sun yi yaƙi don neman kuɗi. A cikin 20s, sun yi yaƙi don kyakkyawar makoma - don hangen nesa na yadda duniyar duniyar ta kamata ta rayu.
A haƙiƙa, Yaƙin Basasa yaƙin addini ne, wanda galibi ke bayyana ɗacinsa.
Idan ka sake duba hoton kwamitin gundumar Yuzovsky, ba za ka lura da sarkar zinari ɗaya a kan kowannensu ba. Bugu da ƙari, wasu daga cikin shugabannin babban birni suna sa tufafin da ba su da kyau.
Amma hakan bai dame su ba.
Sun kasance masu akida.
Duk da duk basirar da ya jagoranci, Avramiy Pavlovich bai ko da yaushe aiki a matsayin dabaru na ci gaban da ake bukata. Kuma wannan batu ne mai matukar muhimmanci. Mutane da yawa suna ɗaukar Zavenyagin a matsayin "arithmometer akan ƙafafu," babban kwakwalwa mara motsin rai yana ƙididdige mafi kyawun motsi a kansa.
Wannan duka gaskiya ne kuma ba gaskiya bane a lokaci guda.
Ee, ya kware sosai wajen kirga motsi. Amma a lokaci guda, Avramiy Pavlovich ba na'ura marar rai ba ne. Mutum ne, kuma mutum ne mai manufa. Shi, kamar dukan jarumawana, da gaske ya yi imani cewa suna gina wani sabon abu - kuma mafi kyau! - duniya. Suna kawo rai madawwamin mafarkin ɗan adam game da mulkin adalci. Kuma waɗannan ba manyan kalmomi ba ne. Shi ne sahihin bangaskiya na mai manufa, mafarki na gaske kuma mai girma, don fahimtar abin da waɗannan yara maza suke shirye su biya - kuma sun biya! - mafi tsada farashin.
In dai zan iya tafiya, in dai na duba.
Matukar ina numfashi, zan ci gaba!
Da dusar ƙanƙara, da iska, da taurari da dare.
Zuciyata ta kira ni zuwa nesa da damuwa.
Wata rana a Yuzovka wani al'amari mai ban sha'awa ya faru - wata buɗaɗɗiyar mota tana birgima a kan tituna, inda ƙungiyar matasa ke jin daɗi.
Ma’aikatan shaye-shaye a cikin rukunin matasa mata ma’aikata sun yi ta wakoki da harbin iska.
Ya yi kama da abin banƙyama saboda lokacin yunwa ne sosai, kuma yawancin mazauna birnin, balle wata, ba su ga biredi ba, sun ci guntun biredi.
Kamar yadda ya fito, shugaban gundumar Yuzovsky Coal ma'adinai, Ivan Chugurin ya shirya.
Ivan Chugurin
Kuma a nan jarumawana suna yin kuskuren gudanarwa mai tsanani, amma kada ku ci amanarsu. Avramiy Zavenyagin da shugaban kwamitin zartarwa Tit Korzhikov sun mayar da martani da kakkausar murya - ofishin jam'iyyar ya zartas da wani kuduri na tsige Chugurin daga mukaminsa tare da korar shi daga jam'iyyar.
Da alama adalci ya yi nasara. Amma bayan adalci ya zo da dabaru na gwagwarmayar na'urori, wanda ke aiki a kowane lokaci kuma a karkashin dukkan gwamnatoci. Ivan Chugurin mutum ne mai wahala. Batun ba ma shi ne, kamar Zavenyagin, mamba ne na Hukumar Zaɓe ta Tsakiya ta Ukraine.
Mafi mahimmanci fiye da matsayi na yau da kullum shine nauyin na yau da kullum.
Chugurin bai dace da matashin da ba a san shi ba wanda ya tashi Zavenyagin. Ivan Chugurin ya kasance amintaccen abokin tarayya, tsohon Bolshevik tare da gogewar juyin juya hali, memba na CPSU (b) tun 1902, ɗaya daga cikin mawallafin Bolshevik a cikin Fabrairu 1917. A watan Afrilun 1917, Chugurin ne ya sadu da Lenin, wanda ya koma Petrograd daga hijira, a tashar Finlyandsky kuma ya mika wa Ilyich lambar katin jam'iyyarsa mai lamba 600.
Ko da mafi tsanani shi ne cewa Chugurin ya kasance mai kare Georgy Pyatakov kansa, dan takarar memba na kwamitin tsakiya na RCP (b), wanda shekara daya da ta wuce shi ne shugaban ma'aikata na wucin gadi da gwamnatin manoma na Ukraine, kuma yanzu ya rike mukamin shugaban kwamitin tsakiya na masana'antar kwal a Moscow.
Amsar ta zo nan da nan - Pyatakov ya bukaci a cire Zavenyagin daga matsayinsa.
An fara gwagwarmayar bayan fage.
Georgy Pyatakov
Abin mamaki, dakarun sun zama kusan daidai. Hakika, nauyin kayan aiki na Pyatakov ba zai iya kwatantawa ba tare da ƙananan damar "Mowgli siyasa" Zavenyagin, wanda har yanzu bai sami majiɓinci mai kyau ba. Amma yawancin Donetsk Bolsheviks sun goyi bayan matashin gurguzu - kawai saboda ya tsaya kan gaskiya. Kar ku manta cewa waɗannan su ne twenties na soyayya bayan duk.
Da farko nasara ta kasance a gefen abokan adawar Avramiy Pavlovich. Ba zai yiwu a fitar da shi daga jam'iyyar ba, amma an cire Zavenyagin daga mukaminsa kuma an aika daga Donetsk zuwa Mukhosransk-Zaglushkinsky na gida - cibiyar yankin Starobelsk. Duk da haka, ba batun jeji ba ne; yana da matsala sosai ga Zavenyagin yin aiki a Starobelsk.
Idan kawai saboda birnin yana karkashin ikon 'yan fashi - ragowar ƙungiyoyin Makhno, Marusya da Kamenyuk.
Avramiy Palych ya amince da nadin, kuma magoya bayansa sun tara masa wata tawagar mutane masu aminci a Yuzovka - sun ware kimanin mutane 70. Ba da da ewa suka tashi don mamaye Starobelsk.
Sun yi yaƙi da hanyarsu zuwa birnin, sashin daga tashar Svatovo zuwa Starobelsk ya zama mai wahala musamman - ƴan fashin ba sa son barin hanyar jirgin ƙasa mai mahimmanci. Dole ne Zavenyagin ya nemi taimako ma'aikatan layin dogo. Wadanda suka ba da, da kuma a watan Satumba 1921 Starobelsk aka dauka.
Ba ma bukatar zaman lafiya, muna farin ciki da wannan kaddara.
Ka ɗauki harshen wuta da hannunka, karya kankara da numfashinka.
Da dusar ƙanƙara, da iska, da taurari da dare.
Zuciyata ta kira ni zuwa nesa da damuwa.
Iko a cikin birnin ya koma ga kwamitin juyin juya hali, wanda Zavenyagin ya jagoranta.
Duk da haka, yana yiwuwa a sami gindin zama kawai a cikin birnin kanta, kuma har yanzu akwai "abubuwan banza" a kan hanyoyi.
Don haka Abramius ya zauna a cikin birni, kamar baron tawaye a cikin kagara da aka kewaye.
Af, shugaban Zavenyagin na Starobelsk Cheka ba kowa bane illa Dmitry Medvedev. Kawai Dmitry Anatolyevich, kuma Dmitry Nikolaevich.
Haka almara Dmitry Nikolaevich Medvedev, da mafarki na atamans na Donbass 'yan tawaye detachments da kuma shugabannin Odessa laifi kungiyoyin, wanda aka sau biyu sallama daga cikin sahu na NKVD kafin yakin, da kuma a lokacin yakin ya zama kwamandan na almara. "Manufa na musamman na ɓangaren ɓangaren "Masu nasara" wanda Sudoplatov ya kirkira. Wuri daya da fitattun jami'an leken asirin mu N.I. Kuznetsov, N.V. Strutinsky, Africa De las Heras da sauran su suka yi yaki.
Sun yi rayuwa mai farin ciki a Starobelsk. Kamar yadda Evgenia Zavenyagina ta tuna, mahaifinta ya taɓa aika sojan Red Army zuwa mahaifiyarta, sannan har yanzu amarya, tare da wasiƙa yana neman ta zo. "Inna ta yi shakka, ban san abin da za ta amsa ba. Sojan na Red Army ya yanke shawarar cewa tana jin tsoro kuma ya fara gamsar da ita cewa babu wani abu mai hatsari, kawai tana bukatar ta bi ta wani yanki, kuma kawai idan ya ba ta bindigar da za ta harba.
An shirya irin wannan ranakun soyayya sai...
Bude na farko abin tunawa ga "Fighters na juyin juya hali" a Starobelsk, kashe gobara a bango. 1924.
Sa'an nan kuma lilo a cikin wata hanya - 'yan gurguzu Yuzovsky sun yi nasarar tura ta hanyar yanke shawarar mayar da Zavenyagin a matsayin sakataren kwamitin jam'iyyar Yuzovsky. Wannan ya yi barazanar kawo rikicin zuwa wani sabon matsayi na tashin hankali, don haka, a fili, bangarorin da ke rikici da juna, sun gaji da gwagwarmaya, sun shiga yarjejeniyar sulhu ta hanyar yin musayar bisa ka'idar "ba namu ko naku ba."
Tun da sulhu ba zai yiwu ba, kuma nasarar daya daga cikin jam'iyyun yana da matsala, duka bangarorin biyu sun bar Donbass - Chugurin da mutanensa, da Zavenyagin da Korzhikov.
An bai wa kowa damar ceton fuska - musamman Avramiy Pavlovich da Tit Mikhailovich za su je Moscow don yin karatu.
Korzhikov zai ci gaba da aikinsa na jam'iyyar, don haka ya zaɓi Cibiyar Jarida ta Jiha - akwai irin wannan jami'a a Moscow, daga baya aka sake masa suna Cibiyar Kwaminisanci ta Jarida. Zavenyagin, ga mamaki da yawa, ya ba da fifiko ga hanyar injiniya kuma ya shiga Moscow Mining Academy. Abin da kawai 'yan gurguzu na Yuzovsky suka iya turawa shi ne kudurin jinkirta tashi har tsawon shekara guda. Saboda shi, Zavenyagin ya fara karatu a makarantar kimiyya fiye da takwarorinsa.
Kada ku yi tunanin cewa kowa ya yi waƙa, cewa guguwa sun mutu.
Yi shiri don babban burin, ɗaukaka zai same ku.
Da dusar ƙanƙara, da iska, da taurari da dare.
Zuciyata ta kira ni zuwa nesa da damuwa.
Amma kafin su tafi, ango da amarya sun yi aure. Don haka Zavenyagin ya isa makarantar Mining Academy - tare da matashiyar matarsa da sadakinta, wanda ya ƙunshi na'urar ɗinki na Singer da wani nauyi mai nauyi tare da jabun hannu.
Wanda bai kwanta a wannan kirji ba daga baya - ciki har da Khrushchev, wanda ya taba zuwa babban birnin kasar don sayen bindigar farauta kuma ya zauna tare da tsohon shugabansa ...
Maqalar ta yi amfani da waqoqin Lev Oshanin. Sauran kasidu a cikin jerin - ta tag "Red Hogwarts"
source: www.habr.com
